{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL","short_pith_number":"pith:HYX23EOK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1907.04236","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2019-07-09T15:20:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"65a7d81f3380fb6d669c1657eff8919b9cf511a54db5821e30a2e6f890750bcf","abstract_canon_sha256":"da8e2b50eb211fa732ea930bd5b5161c1283182798bcb24c58fc6f39c8b7d1b5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3e2fad91ca36f0aa152d29acbdec6052d210786b4fcdd9c9ba12ff38bb12d54d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1907.04236","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1907.04236","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1907.04236v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1907.04236","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HYX23EOKG3YK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HYX23EOKG3YKUFJN","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HYX23EOK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1907.04236","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2019-07-09T15:20:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"65a7d81f3380fb6d669c1657eff8919b9cf511a54db5821e30a2e6f890750bcf","abstract_canon_sha256":"da8e2b50eb211fa732ea930bd5b5161c1283182798bcb24c58fc6f39c8b7d1b5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3e2fad91ca36f0aa152d29acbdec6052d210786b4fcdd9c9ba12ff38bb12d54d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13.681508Z","signature_b64":"LZ5d+zgBaUg5i9fT6cQFMQmuhFV/xp3ySxOh5YY+YAxiD0VFhzojT6JTMCf9jPZb1aNR8qzac1x+8O649lXkAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3e2fad91ca36f0aa152d29acbdec6052d210786b4fcdd9c9ba12ff38bb12d54d","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13.681068Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13.681068Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1907.04236","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pctrv6qDkyYWFerIe5FxMqNOmCbMea5lvsZfun1Hd6K5C7LpI1Q/rwIIOQlgdrIXgkOwrq/Ef5czY/pbAJ8cCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T22:01:26.467701Z"},"content_sha256":"a8a8265a93142fab64e7317a0033b10def58a016a29d2996953ead2db37c1fd2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a8a8265a93142fab64e7317a0033b10def58a016a29d2996953ead2db37c1fd2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Primordial black holes from the preheating instability","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Jerome Martin, Theodoros Papanikolaou, Vincent Vennin","submitted_at":"2019-07-09T15:20:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"After the end of inflation, the inflaton field oscillates around a local minimum of its potential and decays into ordinary matter. These oscillations trigger a resonant instability for cosmological perturbations with wavelengths that exit the Hubble radius close to the end of inflation. In this paper, we study the formation of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) at these enhanced scales. We find that the production mechanism can be so efficient that PBHs subsequently dominate the content of the universe and reheating proceeds from their evaporation. Observational constraints on the PBH abundance als"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1907.04236","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1907.04236/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3+GtZp74ZF7nMcF1tfRoxUZcP6OQMOHGSkuOngBbfCW+4HYHerwXMGM6huzuiZlUbdpcG6f446ZkHHBowQSwCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T22:01:26.468228Z"},"content_sha256":"e6294c4c7cae5940f1c98b5b3956d816c6960e569ddbcfd8c72cb6370d8c1351","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e6294c4c7cae5940f1c98b5b3956d816c6960e569ddbcfd8c72cb6370d8c1351"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-19T22:01:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:HYX23EOKG3YKUFJNFGWL33DAKL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"da8e2b50eb211fa732ea930bd5b5161c1283182798bcb24c58fc6f39c8b7d1b5","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2019-07-09T15:20:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"65a7d81f3380fb6d669c1657eff8919b9cf511a54db5821e30a2e6f890750bcf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1907.04236","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1907.04236","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1907.04236v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1907.04236","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HYX23EOKG3YK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HYX23EOKG3YKUFJN","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HYX23EOK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e6294c4c7cae5940f1c98b5b3956d816c6960e569ddbcfd8c72cb6370d8c1351","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1907.04236/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"After the end of inflation, the inflaton field oscillates around a local minimum of its potential and decays into ordinary matter. These oscillations trigger a resonant instability for cosmological perturbations with wavelengths that exit the Hubble radius close to the end of inflation. In this paper, we study the formation of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) at these enhanced scales. We find that the production mechanism can be so efficient that PBHs subsequently dominate the content of the universe and reheating proceeds from their evaporation. Observational constraints on the PBH abundance als","authors_text":"Jerome Martin, Theodoros Papanikolaou, Vincent Vennin","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2019-07-09T15:20:33Z","title":"Primordial black holes from the preheating instability"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1907.04236","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a8a8265a93142fab64e7317a0033b10def58a016a29d2996953ead2db37c1fd2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"da8e2b50eb211fa732ea930bd5b5161c1283182798bcb24c58fc6f39c8b7d1b5","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2019-07-09T15:20:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"65a7d81f3380fb6d669c1657eff8919b9cf511a54db5821e30a2e6f890750bcf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1907.04236","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"3e2fad91ca36f0aa152d29acbdec6052d210786b4fcdd9c9ba12ff38bb12d54d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3e2fad91ca36f0aa152d29acbdec6052d210786b4fcdd9c9ba12ff38bb12d54d","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13.681068Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13.681068Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"LZ5d+zgBaUg5i9fT6cQFMQmuhFV/xp3ySxOh5YY+YAxiD0VFhzojT6JTMCf9jPZb1aNR8qzac1x+8O649lXkAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:33:13.681508Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1907.04236","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a8a8265a93142fab64e7317a0033b10def58a016a29d2996953ead2db37c1fd2","sha256:e6294c4c7cae5940f1c98b5b3956d816c6960e569ddbcfd8c72cb6370d8c1351"],"state_sha256":"3a96d44ed6152c3a3d9fc52bc3ee1b2542e8f353c39e33a73bd7c5c8f87ca321"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lafBorFfZM72G0KBLCgmb+bX3L2vqOH5fevsCFOSyj2cCgQ9Qpm0PigzE6zJIb+TDAvIpp9rtQfb/EnEybiiDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T22:01:26.472157Z","bundle_sha256":"2960789421d12371809d10dc1def998abf4158c5fc091dd349d6f835ab08bc2c"}}