{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH","short_pith_number":"pith:HZ2J7262","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0904.0913","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2009-04-06T13:22:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"55290380bc60a283b72e70dda167e4534de07c11f89c7ab0d17d005a8e48b1ea","abstract_canon_sha256":"49d6979341368710e6f53eba4ccdaaee142ac4b6dcce2620ac819c8400923578"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3e749febdabfacfd0eac65bcdf64bd51e92fabd4a886b5c37c6a9aa344463347","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0904.0913","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0904.0913","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0904.0913v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0904.0913","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HZ2J7262X6WP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HZ2J7262X6WP2DVM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HZ2J7262","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0904.0913","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2009-04-06T13:22:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"55290380bc60a283b72e70dda167e4534de07c11f89c7ab0d17d005a8e48b1ea","abstract_canon_sha256":"49d6979341368710e6f53eba4ccdaaee142ac4b6dcce2620ac819c8400923578"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3e749febdabfacfd0eac65bcdf64bd51e92fabd4a886b5c37c6a9aa344463347","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07.301409Z","signature_b64":"wm34FHYnPpSgeWOYl4W58Hz6NEESPkLcECJzn01fO4kADkVy4PWwCbvW8vLxUoz99VntolyN0W0DfS/o+PpaBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3e749febdabfacfd0eac65bcdf64bd51e92fabd4a886b5c37c6a9aa344463347","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07.300655Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07.300655Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0904.0913","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OIZRNDtn/rrPt2PmuKn/u6o6/FvuP2T4aCy4sF662UirNufmmn5TjH9/lnuSGMp3rt70wVDG5+/pPKRqWFc/BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:24:13.695804Z"},"content_sha256":"e2426f5ce7831d9c5aa0a6bcf2c039c6f625c1f4257e4681f151f09631e91da2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e2426f5ce7831d9c5aa0a6bcf2c039c6f625c1f4257e4681f151f09631e91da2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Paczynski-Wiita potential: A step-by-step \"derivation\"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Marek A. Abramowicz","submitted_at":"2009-04-06T13:22:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"Paczynski realized that a properly chosen gravitational potential may accurately model (in a \"pseudo Newtonian\" theory) general relativistic effects that determine motion of matter near a non-rotating black hole. Paczynski's choice, known today as the \"Paczynski-Wiita potential\", proved to be very practical. It was used by numerous researchers in the black hole accretion theory, and became a standard tool in relativistic astrophysics. The model is an example of Paczynski's admired ability to invent \"out of nowhere\" simple ideas that were brilliant, deep and useful. Paczynski has guessed intuit"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0904.0913","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OvW28sqtdyDqC4a0cCgTQvo+YhtMrnaPE517prNamGkJlg/CiZ1BDCcb6S1XM4LRNmnHQ2FTfU7OnP9QYoQgBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:24:13.696147Z"},"content_sha256":"158964b47430f9535809b163d9f3b682be58e21174f610ea8e4878782456628f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:158964b47430f9535809b163d9f3b682be58e21174f610ea8e4878782456628f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T23:24:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:HZ2J7262X6WP2DVMMW6N6ZF5KH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"49d6979341368710e6f53eba4ccdaaee142ac4b6dcce2620ac819c8400923578","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2009-04-06T13:22:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"55290380bc60a283b72e70dda167e4534de07c11f89c7ab0d17d005a8e48b1ea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0904.0913","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0904.0913","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0904.0913v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0904.0913","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HZ2J7262X6WP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HZ2J7262X6WP2DVM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HZ2J7262","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:158964b47430f9535809b163d9f3b682be58e21174f610ea8e4878782456628f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Paczynski realized that a properly chosen gravitational potential may accurately model (in a \"pseudo Newtonian\" theory) general relativistic effects that determine motion of matter near a non-rotating black hole. Paczynski's choice, known today as the \"Paczynski-Wiita potential\", proved to be very practical. It was used by numerous researchers in the black hole accretion theory, and became a standard tool in relativistic astrophysics. The model is an example of Paczynski's admired ability to invent \"out of nowhere\" simple ideas that were brilliant, deep and useful. Paczynski has guessed intuit","authors_text":"Marek A. Abramowicz","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2009-04-06T13:22:22Z","title":"The Paczynski-Wiita potential: A step-by-step \"derivation\""},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0904.0913","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e2426f5ce7831d9c5aa0a6bcf2c039c6f625c1f4257e4681f151f09631e91da2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"49d6979341368710e6f53eba4ccdaaee142ac4b6dcce2620ac819c8400923578","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2009-04-06T13:22:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"55290380bc60a283b72e70dda167e4534de07c11f89c7ab0d17d005a8e48b1ea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0904.0913","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3e749febdabfacfd0eac65bcdf64bd51e92fabd4a886b5c37c6a9aa344463347","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3e749febdabfacfd0eac65bcdf64bd51e92fabd4a886b5c37c6a9aa344463347","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07.300655Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07.300655Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wm34FHYnPpSgeWOYl4W58Hz6NEESPkLcECJzn01fO4kADkVy4PWwCbvW8vLxUoz99VntolyN0W0DfS/o+PpaBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:07.301409Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0904.0913","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e2426f5ce7831d9c5aa0a6bcf2c039c6f625c1f4257e4681f151f09631e91da2","sha256:158964b47430f9535809b163d9f3b682be58e21174f610ea8e4878782456628f"],"state_sha256":"9207759145470c5693a5ec5b27563ab3d37f3f58fd35a72760ad0ec380ba8c27"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qMkqakk/9eoyl+wzJd5x/+MTrEBd0xHh8n17zVHoOwR5m5BhzCxwtxLFPOFMZI+ntIm8k1ljt7egRcBwMq/qAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:24:13.698066Z","bundle_sha256":"cccc444d63065e0b5f65fedbc61ae27462e7e86f205f99175c1ebf591e2c6da7"}}