{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN","short_pith_number":"pith:HZJR43RJ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2102.03462","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-02-06T00:54:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4e9a23e1ca1186543189f6ff0b112959b86ff89cf2a9153bc36831e0da41a321","abstract_canon_sha256":"60b564365added78905c6aaa76768d75929104a74e7b5c8be364913778ea34df"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3e531e6e29b109be74bdacb8df8abc0350b9ac809ca32d1233b74f35fd675851","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2102.03462","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2102.03462","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2102.03462v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2102.03462","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HZJR43RJWEE3","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HZJR43RJWEE345F5","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HZJR43RJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2102.03462","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-02-06T00:54:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4e9a23e1ca1186543189f6ff0b112959b86ff89cf2a9153bc36831e0da41a321","abstract_canon_sha256":"60b564365added78905c6aaa76768d75929104a74e7b5c8be364913778ea34df"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3e531e6e29b109be74bdacb8df8abc0350b9ac809ca32d1233b74f35fd675851","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01.280221Z","signature_b64":"AQ0A7TLjX/auvcnjYseZrF4twMC4A5mRV6lDcT7ovLgusfsNhvgyxxrb3X34YAZ4TSdZnnyxPW7H1rkF9Ec2BQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3e531e6e29b109be74bdacb8df8abc0350b9ac809ca32d1233b74f35fd675851","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01.279702Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01.279702Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2102.03462","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HGTmNJwVzbkAkXbIp4zeaojwL10LWnZHikP7WIDB9+pgrA16Y5kG2VFpmIvN+OtsksVin4/FFIFS/C5824ECCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T18:53:09.865541Z"},"content_sha256":"5abe6f0ef9e8d9f58899334f5bcd07777a71f7e85a76992faca16b850b333743","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5abe6f0ef9e8d9f58899334f5bcd07777a71f7e85a76992faca16b850b333743"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Child-directed Listening: How Caregiver Inference Enables Children's Early Verbal Communication","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Elika Bergelson, Roger P. Levy, Ruthe Foushee, Stephan C. Meylan","submitted_at":"2021-02-06T00:54:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"How do adults understand children's speech? Children's productions over the course of language development often bear little resemblance to typical adult pronunciations, yet caregivers nonetheless reliably recover meaning from them. Here, we employ a suite of Bayesian models of spoken word recognition to understand how adults overcome the noisiness of child language, showing that communicative success between children and adults relies heavily on adult inferential processes. By evaluating competing models on phonetically-annotated corpora, we show that adults' recovered meanings are best predi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2102.03462","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2102.03462/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jEXwpezpW1XJaEifv5y437Asf+Aw8ziYlUdP4rV+kKmBpozNy/AMuHkpYuj0U65YVdJnsY6M6yFvIwdXjhnXBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T18:53:09.866644Z"},"content_sha256":"c972c5250f41fb3d0b56647f25fce172173a4b0c192d73fbf723c6e507aaa4db","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c972c5250f41fb3d0b56647f25fce172173a4b0c192d73fbf723c6e507aaa4db"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-19T18:53:09Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:HZJR43RJWEE345F5VS4N7CV4AN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"60b564365added78905c6aaa76768d75929104a74e7b5c8be364913778ea34df","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-02-06T00:54:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"4e9a23e1ca1186543189f6ff0b112959b86ff89cf2a9153bc36831e0da41a321"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2102.03462","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2102.03462","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2102.03462v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2102.03462","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HZJR43RJWEE3","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HZJR43RJWEE345F5","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HZJR43RJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c972c5250f41fb3d0b56647f25fce172173a4b0c192d73fbf723c6e507aaa4db","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2102.03462/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"How do adults understand children's speech? Children's productions over the course of language development often bear little resemblance to typical adult pronunciations, yet caregivers nonetheless reliably recover meaning from them. Here, we employ a suite of Bayesian models of spoken word recognition to understand how adults overcome the noisiness of child language, showing that communicative success between children and adults relies heavily on adult inferential processes. By evaluating competing models on phonetically-annotated corpora, we show that adults' recovered meanings are best predi","authors_text":"Elika Bergelson, Roger P. Levy, Ruthe Foushee, Stephan C. Meylan","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-02-06T00:54:34Z","title":"Child-directed Listening: How Caregiver Inference Enables Children's Early Verbal Communication"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2102.03462","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5abe6f0ef9e8d9f58899334f5bcd07777a71f7e85a76992faca16b850b333743","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"60b564365added78905c6aaa76768d75929104a74e7b5c8be364913778ea34df","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-02-06T00:54:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"4e9a23e1ca1186543189f6ff0b112959b86ff89cf2a9153bc36831e0da41a321"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2102.03462","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"3e531e6e29b109be74bdacb8df8abc0350b9ac809ca32d1233b74f35fd675851","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3e531e6e29b109be74bdacb8df8abc0350b9ac809ca32d1233b74f35fd675851","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01.279702Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01.279702Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"AQ0A7TLjX/auvcnjYseZrF4twMC4A5mRV6lDcT7ovLgusfsNhvgyxxrb3X34YAZ4TSdZnnyxPW7H1rkF9Ec2BQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:01.280221Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2102.03462","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5abe6f0ef9e8d9f58899334f5bcd07777a71f7e85a76992faca16b850b333743","sha256:c972c5250f41fb3d0b56647f25fce172173a4b0c192d73fbf723c6e507aaa4db"],"state_sha256":"0c3615e7f03e9958b01f6c4bb2ad51891b7cc74169f31de960774811077ff9e5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oLnzC1tTefKNr0iPCO9CWFqr4IFD0rx8KFBMuwDUdYIeGRcW/bx3L7loIwPjXR67t2UPJsFCXe99LzjWCh3sDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T18:53:09.873626Z","bundle_sha256":"f957aa95382c3015c403dcc0c21ce73f189903dc9a8978fb167073eb386b2671"}}