{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2008:I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF","short_pith_number":"pith:I6O4CZWE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0811.2148","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-11-13T15:56:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"dff8266dc078214bbed36c3860be5fd54a226f962de0e2d84829d408a411df64","abstract_canon_sha256":"645fa94763ab1f7606627a14c8c8628ebaa71ebc4a5d9fe5997f85d53f8fbd91"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"479dc166c498e32655a55c12baf8f1297ebcccc77a079ed929fe185583430152","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0811.2148","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0811.2148","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0811.2148v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0811.2148","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"I6O4CZWETDRS","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"I6O4CZWETDRSMVNF","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"I6O4CZWE","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2008:I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0811.2148","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-11-13T15:56:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"dff8266dc078214bbed36c3860be5fd54a226f962de0e2d84829d408a411df64","abstract_canon_sha256":"645fa94763ab1f7606627a14c8c8628ebaa71ebc4a5d9fe5997f85d53f8fbd91"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"479dc166c498e32655a55c12baf8f1297ebcccc77a079ed929fe185583430152","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53.532799Z","signature_b64":"PQp+enVAqB7k3rzyoELFMlG3aIppVWNP97GnQMKl52yOxTioDLnItlq+h1uQgfLWJxhzhy3v4CnPEtMBEgb9BA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"479dc166c498e32655a55c12baf8f1297ebcccc77a079ed929fe185583430152","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53.532379Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53.532379Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0811.2148","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+fAVwIaZ27sIYZ+VDH9Ve9983j0YK9OIMUmH4xHcPT3G/cG24jtUKm3F8NgIbM5GNBuIUqUN9iPPOL5T0qh9DQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T15:57:38.328054Z"},"content_sha256":"ba9f77a82313814c0208988dc3aa24aa07c02a81159c1002a59aab3254211d2d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ba9f77a82313814c0208988dc3aa24aa07c02a81159c1002a59aab3254211d2d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2008:I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Extremely Red Objects in a hierarchical universe","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"C. Almeida, C.G. Lacey, C.M. Baugh, V. Gonzalez-Perez","submitted_at":"2008-11-13T15:56:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"We analyse whether hierarchical formation models based on Lambda cold dark matter cosmology can produce enough massive red galaxies to match observations. For this purpose, we compare with observations the predictions from two published models for the abundance and redshift distribution of Extremely Red Objects (EROs), which are red, massive galaxies observed at z >= 1. One of the models invokes a \"superwind\" to regulate star formation in massive haloes and the other suppresses cooling through \"radio-mode\" AGN feedback. The first one underestimates the number counts of EROs by an order of magn"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0811.2148","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/0811.2148/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tfoeO9R0krpWyHpG7NSfsHwXuFUTdHIMn3GnuzR9Ub3M1RU1MruMq78FTviD1gjv9dHyyDpScPeo46r7eXfkAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T15:57:38.328557Z"},"content_sha256":"e74cef07688af4801247ea0d7e63fdd4ad3f8706bc7129a3c92b21f7744e0e29","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e74cef07688af4801247ea0d7e63fdd4ad3f8706bc7129a3c92b21f7744e0e29"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-15T15:57:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2008:I6O4CZWETDRSMVNFLQJLV6HRFF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"645fa94763ab1f7606627a14c8c8628ebaa71ebc4a5d9fe5997f85d53f8fbd91","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-11-13T15:56:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"dff8266dc078214bbed36c3860be5fd54a226f962de0e2d84829d408a411df64"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0811.2148","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0811.2148","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0811.2148v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0811.2148","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"I6O4CZWETDRS","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"I6O4CZWETDRSMVNF","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"I6O4CZWE","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e74cef07688af4801247ea0d7e63fdd4ad3f8706bc7129a3c92b21f7744e0e29","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/0811.2148/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We analyse whether hierarchical formation models based on Lambda cold dark matter cosmology can produce enough massive red galaxies to match observations. For this purpose, we compare with observations the predictions from two published models for the abundance and redshift distribution of Extremely Red Objects (EROs), which are red, massive galaxies observed at z >= 1. One of the models invokes a \"superwind\" to regulate star formation in massive haloes and the other suppresses cooling through \"radio-mode\" AGN feedback. The first one underestimates the number counts of EROs by an order of magn","authors_text":"C. Almeida, C.G. Lacey, C.M. Baugh, V. Gonzalez-Perez","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-11-13T15:56:17Z","title":"Extremely Red Objects in a hierarchical universe"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0811.2148","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ba9f77a82313814c0208988dc3aa24aa07c02a81159c1002a59aab3254211d2d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"645fa94763ab1f7606627a14c8c8628ebaa71ebc4a5d9fe5997f85d53f8fbd91","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-11-13T15:56:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"dff8266dc078214bbed36c3860be5fd54a226f962de0e2d84829d408a411df64"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0811.2148","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"479dc166c498e32655a55c12baf8f1297ebcccc77a079ed929fe185583430152","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"479dc166c498e32655a55c12baf8f1297ebcccc77a079ed929fe185583430152","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53.532379Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53.532379Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"PQp+enVAqB7k3rzyoELFMlG3aIppVWNP97GnQMKl52yOxTioDLnItlq+h1uQgfLWJxhzhy3v4CnPEtMBEgb9BA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T17:23:53.532799Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0811.2148","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ba9f77a82313814c0208988dc3aa24aa07c02a81159c1002a59aab3254211d2d","sha256:e74cef07688af4801247ea0d7e63fdd4ad3f8706bc7129a3c92b21f7744e0e29"],"state_sha256":"081f108378f904fb3307e7a6e7d1afc1b3b4c078cdb3b679f4371045f0c65ff8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9B+2n4WRXe6ve+VjdKVzUydGHr+aKTGYMP6Wtru0H2TQEyBBfQxsaqSpjz940ynXerHTQ/R0/K5voldAmKadCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T15:57:38.333028Z","bundle_sha256":"026882694f071a22b7cbb16af547653f5ca7445b6bffd200d8842bd4a27e160f"}}