{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5","short_pith_number":"pith:I7A7ULTJ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.03339","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-01-10T12:24:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"7425478687412abcdbab58cfc374614eb995c98db7dceb27ae007778afd6b22d","abstract_canon_sha256":"3aef361c46c468be90dd6da059c4f6245dd49918b4bc0734b3b5b0775c4455fd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"47c1fa2e69235c41d158abe0583aea3747db764ecaa3668c3f839906ee977776","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1801.03339","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.03339","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.03339v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.03339","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"I7A7ULTJENOE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"I7A7ULTJENOEDUKY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"I7A7ULTJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.03339","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-01-10T12:24:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"7425478687412abcdbab58cfc374614eb995c98db7dceb27ae007778afd6b22d","abstract_canon_sha256":"3aef361c46c468be90dd6da059c4f6245dd49918b4bc0734b3b5b0775c4455fd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"47c1fa2e69235c41d158abe0583aea3747db764ecaa3668c3f839906ee977776","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11.502376Z","signature_b64":"yfVUc+llJwCZY/lKJIT9TqAsdcMOnO9palBzCjv/WS1STh2DHGqmscU/1s5TjiFBPB4VnTypOMo+mlBoaxmzBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"47c1fa2e69235c41d158abe0583aea3747db764ecaa3668c3f839906ee977776","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11.501774Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11.501774Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1801.03339","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HN00+ZCNP2r5eZE7j4uAaicapq2Bn44ZNLxm8BtmiaHzX0aZmCltlq72X1kD/0MCztsizc/EbQQyYJk9SaHICQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T10:47:26.616303Z"},"content_sha256":"83657e8d87ce2f12fa191aaa3036e6113f19f1cb6063aa1ec64d7c637e2de6fa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:83657e8d87ce2f12fa191aaa3036e6113f19f1cb6063aa1ec64d7c637e2de6fa"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Fooling End-to-end Speaker Verification by Adversarial Examples","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Felix Kreuk, Joseph Keshet, Moustapha Cisse, Yossi Adi","submitted_at":"2018-01-10T12:24:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"Automatic speaker verification systems are increasingly used as the primary means to authenticate costumers. Recently, it has been proposed to train speaker verification systems using end-to-end deep neural models. In this paper, we show that such systems are vulnerable to adversarial example attack. Adversarial examples are generated by adding a peculiar noise to original speaker examples, in such a way that they are almost indistinguishable from the original examples by a human listener. Yet, the generated waveforms, which sound as speaker A can be used to fool such a system by claiming as i"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.03339","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WtFLqzSy8Q0pUWYfH403PB4Ey1mdfjtkF//zWvFTQWsKnbXtPNIm95goUmplKffVtAlPH91M8sINCN7KwnH/Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T10:47:26.616661Z"},"content_sha256":"187bda5382287392fb2c5ee013452f77bc69f0c0fcdb0b4336995755917fa0b2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:187bda5382287392fb2c5ee013452f77bc69f0c0fcdb0b4336995755917fa0b2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-08T10:47:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:I7A7ULTJENOEDUKYVPQFQOXKG5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3aef361c46c468be90dd6da059c4f6245dd49918b4bc0734b3b5b0775c4455fd","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-01-10T12:24:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"7425478687412abcdbab58cfc374614eb995c98db7dceb27ae007778afd6b22d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.03339","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.03339","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.03339v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.03339","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"I7A7ULTJENOE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"I7A7ULTJENOEDUKY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"I7A7ULTJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:187bda5382287392fb2c5ee013452f77bc69f0c0fcdb0b4336995755917fa0b2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Automatic speaker verification systems are increasingly used as the primary means to authenticate costumers. Recently, it has been proposed to train speaker verification systems using end-to-end deep neural models. In this paper, we show that such systems are vulnerable to adversarial example attack. Adversarial examples are generated by adding a peculiar noise to original speaker examples, in such a way that they are almost indistinguishable from the original examples by a human listener. Yet, the generated waveforms, which sound as speaker A can be used to fool such a system by claiming as i","authors_text":"Felix Kreuk, Joseph Keshet, Moustapha Cisse, Yossi Adi","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-01-10T12:24:34Z","title":"Fooling End-to-end Speaker Verification by Adversarial Examples"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.03339","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:83657e8d87ce2f12fa191aaa3036e6113f19f1cb6063aa1ec64d7c637e2de6fa","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3aef361c46c468be90dd6da059c4f6245dd49918b4bc0734b3b5b0775c4455fd","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-01-10T12:24:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"7425478687412abcdbab58cfc374614eb995c98db7dceb27ae007778afd6b22d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.03339","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"47c1fa2e69235c41d158abe0583aea3747db764ecaa3668c3f839906ee977776","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"47c1fa2e69235c41d158abe0583aea3747db764ecaa3668c3f839906ee977776","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11.501774Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11.501774Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"yfVUc+llJwCZY/lKJIT9TqAsdcMOnO9palBzCjv/WS1STh2DHGqmscU/1s5TjiFBPB4VnTypOMo+mlBoaxmzBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:23:11.502376Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1801.03339","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:83657e8d87ce2f12fa191aaa3036e6113f19f1cb6063aa1ec64d7c637e2de6fa","sha256:187bda5382287392fb2c5ee013452f77bc69f0c0fcdb0b4336995755917fa0b2"],"state_sha256":"ecdeb396edf3535eddd04efc33a67e4b41ead7890e5ca4b8822f2e3ecb670c15"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"aUhJxf+hY6TaxqN/tuDROt1TDy3iRv5jm6ZYcTGMAgof83YhQXiDF02O61BlKUbwxGNMM6CoY+rF1egCbl0kCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T10:47:26.619025Z","bundle_sha256":"ac37abdc73f47f87281a390060ce62571872fdec4338caf4d7afb825d00ab123"}}