{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7","short_pith_number":"pith:IAWNREEJ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1205.2663","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2012-05-11T18:54:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d291b3b096e27fecb04a6d37822e3d15523e58fdf8b36a172b581070f0190f16","abstract_canon_sha256":"ab3b04b3f30ccc6b190f9882401d067387bbfe05c3a737608e2d32d98080d84e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"402cd8908936370f98e46361ae99e7cfe87b820b3a76f0feb0bc3acdc7c03c88","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1205.2663","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1205.2663","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1205.2663v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1205.2663","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IAWNREEJGY3Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IAWNREEJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1205.2663","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2012-05-11T18:54:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d291b3b096e27fecb04a6d37822e3d15523e58fdf8b36a172b581070f0190f16","abstract_canon_sha256":"ab3b04b3f30ccc6b190f9882401d067387bbfe05c3a737608e2d32d98080d84e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"402cd8908936370f98e46361ae99e7cfe87b820b3a76f0feb0bc3acdc7c03c88","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10.417414Z","signature_b64":"y5I+oS6SY2l8xV2aMf2CoFtrq3gjrfZcpcM+xd3NO/hkrqtyjnNXJu3nKqtxAGSoFKoRb2bzL/FWi/LpldkABg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"402cd8908936370f98e46361ae99e7cfe87b820b3a76f0feb0bc3acdc7c03c88","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10.416921Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10.416921Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1205.2663","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LgiuhP7sQ6Ogl3VsVMahdagbR9LFBO15U+rrBH2Ie3bJLn4V5QPeLHGzHcDth8BurFDQO8CcUE9qlllVjlqzCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T12:39:47.484699Z"},"content_sha256":"27dfa72d3460433c9c417a0757c6604226d08154a3f6ffccba52be768eb85ed1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:27dfa72d3460433c9c417a0757c6604226d08154a3f6ffccba52be768eb85ed1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Are visual dictionaries generalizable?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Eduardo Valle, Otavio A. B. Penatti, Ricardo da S. Torres","submitted_at":"2012-05-11T18:54:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"Mid-level features based on visual dictionaries are today a cornerstone of systems for classification and retrieval of images. Those state-of-the-art representations depend crucially on the choice of a codebook (visual dictionary), which is usually derived from the dataset. In general-purpose, dynamic image collections (e.g., the Web), one cannot have the entire collection in order to extract a representative dictionary. However, based on the hypothesis that the dictionary reflects only the diversity of low-level appearances and does not capture semantics, we argue that a dictionary based on a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1205.2663","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6VqSelZAJEL9G2KHJs3xQA3LS7E0qKY5IJaKEPERhzXskdjn7Uf9OWgrYVHh0RLcavXdU/CE/ottYeGf3DHfBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T12:39:47.485057Z"},"content_sha256":"f320376195990733e9d7fd13ee55b28f16112361f81d9a91b1f9ee0f84f0db22","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f320376195990733e9d7fd13ee55b28f16112361f81d9a91b1f9ee0f84f0db22"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T12:39:47Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHEMNQ25GPHZ7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ab3b04b3f30ccc6b190f9882401d067387bbfe05c3a737608e2d32d98080d84e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2012-05-11T18:54:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"d291b3b096e27fecb04a6d37822e3d15523e58fdf8b36a172b581070f0190f16"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1205.2663","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1205.2663","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1205.2663v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1205.2663","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IAWNREEJGY3Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IAWNREEJGY3Q7GHE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IAWNREEJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f320376195990733e9d7fd13ee55b28f16112361f81d9a91b1f9ee0f84f0db22","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Mid-level features based on visual dictionaries are today a cornerstone of systems for classification and retrieval of images. Those state-of-the-art representations depend crucially on the choice of a codebook (visual dictionary), which is usually derived from the dataset. In general-purpose, dynamic image collections (e.g., the Web), one cannot have the entire collection in order to extract a representative dictionary. However, based on the hypothesis that the dictionary reflects only the diversity of low-level appearances and does not capture semantics, we argue that a dictionary based on a","authors_text":"Eduardo Valle, Otavio A. B. Penatti, Ricardo da S. Torres","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2012-05-11T18:54:12Z","title":"Are visual dictionaries generalizable?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1205.2663","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:27dfa72d3460433c9c417a0757c6604226d08154a3f6ffccba52be768eb85ed1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ab3b04b3f30ccc6b190f9882401d067387bbfe05c3a737608e2d32d98080d84e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2012-05-11T18:54:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"d291b3b096e27fecb04a6d37822e3d15523e58fdf8b36a172b581070f0190f16"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1205.2663","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"402cd8908936370f98e46361ae99e7cfe87b820b3a76f0feb0bc3acdc7c03c88","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"402cd8908936370f98e46361ae99e7cfe87b820b3a76f0feb0bc3acdc7c03c88","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10.416921Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10.416921Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"y5I+oS6SY2l8xV2aMf2CoFtrq3gjrfZcpcM+xd3NO/hkrqtyjnNXJu3nKqtxAGSoFKoRb2bzL/FWi/LpldkABg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:21:10.417414Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1205.2663","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:27dfa72d3460433c9c417a0757c6604226d08154a3f6ffccba52be768eb85ed1","sha256:f320376195990733e9d7fd13ee55b28f16112361f81d9a91b1f9ee0f84f0db22"],"state_sha256":"4aaeb8e9b442ab6a4b44d725dd856b446cc334d9909895df03699852c23f01a3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"L6YD2qIm0EtsGmBsVOt1wDItqoM2cPVwFbxmExKIW46gwkO2aqkwTlm+gdbWq9nesDfz8kynVQvqTgQHfkH7Aw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T12:39:47.487063Z","bundle_sha256":"3de4ae845d4982d949d5d1097646ebd3937dbe14b8e9494b357f6ae95eff52c3"}}