{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:IB56HXV5NQYPPAK6IPN4H3SU7O","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a5ecead6f0865bf50faf8bc946fee50f204a7f3a3f7c2608a34f5a24e92d32be","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall","physics.ins-det"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2014-06-07T21:12:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"f62b70be08bf925bedb9b9b89c69e2396c306655b2a7fbdb31109c1d75e38adc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1406.1931","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1406.1931","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1406.1931v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1406.1931","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IB56HXV5NQYP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IB56HXV5NQYPPAK6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IB56HXV5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:817c8a3f3197955361eeb78c54817bcd47282a56ca1c57a4039b1e118f5f62ea","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Advances in silicon photonics have resulted in rapidly increasing complexity of integrated circuits. New methods are desirable that allow direct characterization of individual optical components in-situ, without the need for additional fabrication steps or test structures. Here, we present a new device-level method for characterization of photonic chips based on a highly localized modulation in the device using pulsed laser excitation. Optical pumping perturbs the refractive index of silicon, providing a spatially and temporally localized modulation in the transmitted light enabling time- and ","authors_text":"Ben Mills, David J. Thomson, Frederic Y. Gardes, Graham T. Reed, Otto L. Muskens, Roman Bruck, Youfang Hu","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall","physics.ins-det"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2014-06-07T21:12:09Z","title":"Ultrafast Photomodulation Spectroscopy: a device-level tool for characterizing the flow of light in integrated photonic circuits"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1406.1931","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2158e881c8341de8c1f4e4691c6e2bf63a3aacdef3bfd4fddd6836c93d6f01d7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a5ecead6f0865bf50faf8bc946fee50f204a7f3a3f7c2608a34f5a24e92d32be","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall","physics.ins-det"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2014-06-07T21:12:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"f62b70be08bf925bedb9b9b89c69e2396c306655b2a7fbdb31109c1d75e38adc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1406.1931","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"407be3debd6c30f7815e43dbc3ee54fb84c79deb78fc6c951bddcaf7e63c0872","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"407be3debd6c30f7815e43dbc3ee54fb84c79deb78fc6c951bddcaf7e63c0872","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:55.412748Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:55.412748Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"FQTIMm9o2MxybVyzYmc1pdUHihf1btHElJ6n9EHgODkV5l5T4S66aUdaNz198EM85TDcyvPAMWFxQfeila0mBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:55.413082Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1406.1931","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2158e881c8341de8c1f4e4691c6e2bf63a3aacdef3bfd4fddd6836c93d6f01d7","sha256:817c8a3f3197955361eeb78c54817bcd47282a56ca1c57a4039b1e118f5f62ea"],"state_sha256":"3d4fb4e4f197c4f6a149345bf1ffad20b27820aa75b8c5f9b0eea5c01d381279"}