{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2","short_pith_number":"pith:IBIOUQI5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1204.0015","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2012-03-30T20:20:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI"],"title_canon_sha256":"f553e80e2080bcc933a9a5e0cc17090a00c80405eee8bbd94f927cbcc9fe8837","abstract_canon_sha256":"23997c207c98310c24085ae6e3d5e958f24ec813bfb74fd10653c2f423e4fda4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4050ea411d28fb7365ea7776d5f54076b2eef992fdb2b51bd16b28890dd0599b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1204.0015","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1204.0015","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1204.0015v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1204.0015","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IBIOUQI5FD5X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IBIOUQI5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1204.0015","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2012-03-30T20:20:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI"],"title_canon_sha256":"f553e80e2080bcc933a9a5e0cc17090a00c80405eee8bbd94f927cbcc9fe8837","abstract_canon_sha256":"23997c207c98310c24085ae6e3d5e958f24ec813bfb74fd10653c2f423e4fda4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4050ea411d28fb7365ea7776d5f54076b2eef992fdb2b51bd16b28890dd0599b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25.218187Z","signature_b64":"GV07gKbgCQMKTC2D6NWwe2ujhqHIu+XXi2NiaVFsSv1CcJmg7g0iOaEjHV9CkbqzUwXrOU2kFF11+foyJ2LLAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4050ea411d28fb7365ea7776d5f54076b2eef992fdb2b51bd16b28890dd0599b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25.217516Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25.217516Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1204.0015","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0xMzfZQnGYsru36XMKKJVitcJOq+QXOKajf3iCAYK7ETIJDcBkoKeYCctr8oZrR5OLUAIlPYt8d/rfRLE7PwAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-21T17:17:18.048530Z"},"content_sha256":"159888db523bd4a05489d90dfb38886abb20fbda926a9c8c3c9fdf1f20640ee5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:159888db523bd4a05489d90dfb38886abb20fbda926a9c8c3c9fdf1f20640ee5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Hierarchical Consensus Formation Reduces the Influence of Opinion Bias","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SI"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Claudio J. Tessone, Frank Schweitzer, Ingo Scholtes, Nicolas Perony, Ren\\'e Pfitzner","submitted_at":"2012-03-30T20:20:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the role of hierarchical structures in a simple model of collective consensus formation based on the bounded confidence model with continuous individual opinions. For the particular variation of this model considered in this paper, we assume that a bias towards an extreme opinion is introduced whenever two individuals interact and form a common decision. As a simple proxy for hierarchical social structures, we introduce a two-step decision making process in which in the second step groups of like-minded individuals are replaced by representatives once they have reached local consensus"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1204.0015","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SDY/GQJFcoRzG75MShFYe/8DRf5FNmBAJrbxXeHn5WiDKg85gHdEuTTgl/IcG2U3iZpLcgHJfRYNzoLhWs+XBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-21T17:17:18.049149Z"},"content_sha256":"062cb05b5ea2bca5675651e336309e10fff345ace5586ae9ff786e62c287b99a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:062cb05b5ea2bca5675651e336309e10fff345ace5586ae9ff786e62c287b99a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-21T17:17:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPKO53NL5KAO2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"23997c207c98310c24085ae6e3d5e958f24ec813bfb74fd10653c2f423e4fda4","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2012-03-30T20:20:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"f553e80e2080bcc933a9a5e0cc17090a00c80405eee8bbd94f927cbcc9fe8837"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1204.0015","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1204.0015","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1204.0015v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1204.0015","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IBIOUQI5FD5X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IBIOUQI5FD5XGZPK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IBIOUQI5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:062cb05b5ea2bca5675651e336309e10fff345ace5586ae9ff786e62c287b99a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the role of hierarchical structures in a simple model of collective consensus formation based on the bounded confidence model with continuous individual opinions. For the particular variation of this model considered in this paper, we assume that a bias towards an extreme opinion is introduced whenever two individuals interact and form a common decision. As a simple proxy for hierarchical social structures, we introduce a two-step decision making process in which in the second step groups of like-minded individuals are replaced by representatives once they have reached local consensus","authors_text":"Claudio J. Tessone, Frank Schweitzer, Ingo Scholtes, Nicolas Perony, Ren\\'e Pfitzner","cross_cats":["cs.SI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2012-03-30T20:20:07Z","title":"Hierarchical Consensus Formation Reduces the Influence of Opinion Bias"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1204.0015","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:159888db523bd4a05489d90dfb38886abb20fbda926a9c8c3c9fdf1f20640ee5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"23997c207c98310c24085ae6e3d5e958f24ec813bfb74fd10653c2f423e4fda4","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2012-03-30T20:20:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"f553e80e2080bcc933a9a5e0cc17090a00c80405eee8bbd94f927cbcc9fe8837"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1204.0015","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"4050ea411d28fb7365ea7776d5f54076b2eef992fdb2b51bd16b28890dd0599b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4050ea411d28fb7365ea7776d5f54076b2eef992fdb2b51bd16b28890dd0599b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25.217516Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25.217516Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GV07gKbgCQMKTC2D6NWwe2ujhqHIu+XXi2NiaVFsSv1CcJmg7g0iOaEjHV9CkbqzUwXrOU2kFF11+foyJ2LLAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:50:25.218187Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1204.0015","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:159888db523bd4a05489d90dfb38886abb20fbda926a9c8c3c9fdf1f20640ee5","sha256:062cb05b5ea2bca5675651e336309e10fff345ace5586ae9ff786e62c287b99a"],"state_sha256":"82ff1c81e344f4a630e81fcbe4203d33f913017b376d60bff9104ab19070c28e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"95Ie1G8TVvyp3qHhKpeMk98N7M02uoXo0po9Z4LuuWDcqs28eNe2DZOYKl+n2xqr4vN5q67KR5jeozdZt9ljBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-21T17:17:18.052469Z","bundle_sha256":"50fbd376cfb21e05b6d23aa4c315f71782cb266edc655407777cfe63a4e7acdc"}}