{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4","short_pith_number":"pith:IBWHKOEA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.03085","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-06-09T20:01:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"347ca0eb90a9c36dbfa9953b5b416b918d5b24166b0db016e43b46c486aacbd5","abstract_canon_sha256":"e8fe851c055c30228f5a71936e8aa9ea4af9f0f486612866233eb5f608a722b9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"406c753880a3c2438e0909b25a56e69f17888eec7ef7bea035aad5108844179b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1506.03085","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.03085","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.03085v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.03085","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IBWHKOEAUPBE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IBWHKOEA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.03085","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-06-09T20:01:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"347ca0eb90a9c36dbfa9953b5b416b918d5b24166b0db016e43b46c486aacbd5","abstract_canon_sha256":"e8fe851c055c30228f5a71936e8aa9ea4af9f0f486612866233eb5f608a722b9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"406c753880a3c2438e0909b25a56e69f17888eec7ef7bea035aad5108844179b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55.251750Z","signature_b64":"j2SSa918BVzWvpZ9ArvSiQDrdun/Zl6ztkf9ZRVCZg+rXUpKHL/fvX2Nz2ZPABZ6ktfKW3obdwbgRAsUc5OXCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"406c753880a3c2438e0909b25a56e69f17888eec7ef7bea035aad5108844179b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55.251143Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55.251143Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1506.03085","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/saO7KLF3SdBPkJO3ZrqYiAIjLsjCK4PkNYW/BEGtTriufu94AtIOOj7kn7gj75a5QFt4IpryTcSzr6tvB56Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T21:46:07.342222Z"},"content_sha256":"23dc2ded5cdc704278645f94e26c15ec9166cf77f58c7393fdbcafd1359e60cc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:23dc2ded5cdc704278645f94e26c15ec9166cf77f58c7393fdbcafd1359e60cc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Forming Compact Massive Galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Arjen van der Wel, Erica June Nelson, Gabriel Brammer, Garth D. Illingworth, Ivelina Momcheva, Joel Leja, Katherine E. Whitaker, Marijn Franx, Mariska Kriek, Mattia Fumagalli, Natascha M. Forster Schreiber, Pascal Oesch, Pieter G. van Dokkum, Rachel Bezanson, Rosalind E. Skelton, Stijn Wuyts","submitted_at":"2015-06-09T20:01:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper we study a key phase in the formation of massive galaxies: the transition of star forming galaxies into massive (M_stars~10^11 Msun), compact (r_e~1 kpc) quiescent galaxies, which takes place from z~3 to z~1.5. We use HST grism redshifts and extensive photometry in all five 3D-HST/CANDELS fields, more than doubling the area used previously for such studies, and combine these data with Keck MOSFIRE and NIRSPEC spectroscopy. We first confirm that a population of massive, compact, star forming galaxies exists at z~2, using K-band spectroscopy of 25 of these objects at 2.0<z<2.5. The"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.03085","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WIVUPoqp5VM/Xi8duS76P8ikR5OMepoBK7HtMqqaZZXm6CSQQ0JVTB3VNw2AwLH+7mcvCsyoWJNEJ5eXSDOXCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T21:46:07.342612Z"},"content_sha256":"9e6eebe0b5570a8149563dbc719b8dac583795bec0d7fafdf5f0e0d37a366ff5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9e6eebe0b5570a8149563dbc719b8dac583795bec0d7fafdf5f0e0d37a366ff5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T21:46:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJBGZFUVXGT4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e8fe851c055c30228f5a71936e8aa9ea4af9f0f486612866233eb5f608a722b9","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-06-09T20:01:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"347ca0eb90a9c36dbfa9953b5b416b918d5b24166b0db016e43b46c486aacbd5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.03085","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.03085","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.03085v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.03085","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IBWHKOEAUPBE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IBWHKOEAUPBEHDQJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IBWHKOEA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9e6eebe0b5570a8149563dbc719b8dac583795bec0d7fafdf5f0e0d37a366ff5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper we study a key phase in the formation of massive galaxies: the transition of star forming galaxies into massive (M_stars~10^11 Msun), compact (r_e~1 kpc) quiescent galaxies, which takes place from z~3 to z~1.5. We use HST grism redshifts and extensive photometry in all five 3D-HST/CANDELS fields, more than doubling the area used previously for such studies, and combine these data with Keck MOSFIRE and NIRSPEC spectroscopy. We first confirm that a population of massive, compact, star forming galaxies exists at z~2, using K-band spectroscopy of 25 of these objects at 2.0<z<2.5. The","authors_text":"Arjen van der Wel, Erica June Nelson, Gabriel Brammer, Garth D. Illingworth, Ivelina Momcheva, Joel Leja, Katherine E. Whitaker, Marijn Franx, Mariska Kriek, Mattia Fumagalli, Natascha M. Forster Schreiber, Pascal Oesch, Pieter G. van Dokkum, Rachel Bezanson, Rosalind E. Skelton, Stijn Wuyts","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-06-09T20:01:24Z","title":"Forming Compact Massive Galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.03085","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:23dc2ded5cdc704278645f94e26c15ec9166cf77f58c7393fdbcafd1359e60cc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e8fe851c055c30228f5a71936e8aa9ea4af9f0f486612866233eb5f608a722b9","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-06-09T20:01:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"347ca0eb90a9c36dbfa9953b5b416b918d5b24166b0db016e43b46c486aacbd5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.03085","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"406c753880a3c2438e0909b25a56e69f17888eec7ef7bea035aad5108844179b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"406c753880a3c2438e0909b25a56e69f17888eec7ef7bea035aad5108844179b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55.251143Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55.251143Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"j2SSa918BVzWvpZ9ArvSiQDrdun/Zl6ztkf9ZRVCZg+rXUpKHL/fvX2Nz2ZPABZ6ktfKW3obdwbgRAsUc5OXCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:28:55.251750Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1506.03085","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:23dc2ded5cdc704278645f94e26c15ec9166cf77f58c7393fdbcafd1359e60cc","sha256:9e6eebe0b5570a8149563dbc719b8dac583795bec0d7fafdf5f0e0d37a366ff5"],"state_sha256":"4f201e10bb622d7f85c21a82868156af1245fec814f28c15888e2b7646668aee"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9cl+E1n3RIwj+cWMslm7rzviQU2RkiR82KRwcISqSG1g8hQ3R1GIsJ0Uh3BD1NYLOqnkyutO0UKElx3DLUb9Dw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T21:46:07.345070Z","bundle_sha256":"21e77cf8087b3e35c856d1954e6dfa4ad533ccfebeb5ac751bca4f151827c471"}}