{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM","short_pith_number":"pith:ICDNZGJZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0912.0735","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2009-12-03T21:00:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3bb0ea2f91bef4037cda003b828a57ebf0aca627dedfec15946ddf356f7d9af9","abstract_canon_sha256":"9bebb3f372be3491e30d5c93bea58bc2f742f738b46c592296ac3ddac2aadd7b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4086dc9939e3d3a5c84daf6917af99c30a4dcc05e06d2673738dbc18c69637dd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0912.0735","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0912.0735","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0912.0735v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0912.0735","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ICDNZGJZ4PJ2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ICDNZGJZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0912.0735","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2009-12-03T21:00:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3bb0ea2f91bef4037cda003b828a57ebf0aca627dedfec15946ddf356f7d9af9","abstract_canon_sha256":"9bebb3f372be3491e30d5c93bea58bc2f742f738b46c592296ac3ddac2aadd7b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4086dc9939e3d3a5c84daf6917af99c30a4dcc05e06d2673738dbc18c69637dd","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34.135788Z","signature_b64":"gnpERj6XUIbe4Yv1hdsvlnrz0WZv8PY6L0xUHIk7iiQrMEADVyWWn8mz2lZiJgJZ+2sPygB3OoWSsHOpwMq9AQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4086dc9939e3d3a5c84daf6917af99c30a4dcc05e06d2673738dbc18c69637dd","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34.135166Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34.135166Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0912.0735","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UaVykojUXB1ce/BOHnmRNAC5h85DBzW1HBX7A6GzVbTOvJEZFBPxV8cFUfp54u7JCq9PcrBjAERJw6KjFja0CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T14:07:04.272550Z"},"content_sha256":"4018f9e6851dfcf8b639e0eeeea8b615941f5f65571c9f9674a9190d4296a939","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4018f9e6851dfcf8b639e0eeeea8b615941f5f65571c9f9674a9190d4296a939"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Testing Models with Brown Dwarf Binaries","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"Michael C. Liu (IfA/Hawaii), Trent J. Dupuy","submitted_at":"2009-12-03T21:00:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"We have been using Keck laser guide star adaptive optics to monitor the orbits of ultracool binaries, providing dynamical masses at lower luminosities and temperatures than previously available and enabling strong tests of theoretical models. (1) We find that model color-magnitude diagrams cannot reliably be used to infer masses as they do not accurately reproduce the colors of ultracool dwarfs of known mass. (2) Effective temperatures inferred from evolutionary model radii can be inconsistent with temperatures derived from fitting observed spectra with atmospheric models by at most 100-300 K."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0912.0735","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"n7aAE+kCsN28NkyHCkHLLhQ73IXj9TPLaMJ6nTEyAyGnIHnh0vEWtyqB881fcfy1lbqgLPChuZDS5xVnCaCfCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T14:07:04.272893Z"},"content_sha256":"d37d7c277fb5f462be44092c12b0eb38cc98c2563f7a33b7b2170e4af92aea07","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d37d7c277fb5f462be44092c12b0eb38cc98c2563f7a33b7b2170e4af92aea07"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T14:07:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCNV5URPL4ZYM","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9bebb3f372be3491e30d5c93bea58bc2f742f738b46c592296ac3ddac2aadd7b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2009-12-03T21:00:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"3bb0ea2f91bef4037cda003b828a57ebf0aca627dedfec15946ddf356f7d9af9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0912.0735","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0912.0735","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0912.0735v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0912.0735","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ICDNZGJZ4PJ2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ICDNZGJZ4PJ2LSCN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ICDNZGJZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d37d7c277fb5f462be44092c12b0eb38cc98c2563f7a33b7b2170e4af92aea07","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We have been using Keck laser guide star adaptive optics to monitor the orbits of ultracool binaries, providing dynamical masses at lower luminosities and temperatures than previously available and enabling strong tests of theoretical models. (1) We find that model color-magnitude diagrams cannot reliably be used to infer masses as they do not accurately reproduce the colors of ultracool dwarfs of known mass. (2) Effective temperatures inferred from evolutionary model radii can be inconsistent with temperatures derived from fitting observed spectra with atmospheric models by at most 100-300 K.","authors_text":"Michael C. Liu (IfA/Hawaii), Trent J. Dupuy","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2009-12-03T21:00:22Z","title":"Testing Models with Brown Dwarf Binaries"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0912.0735","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4018f9e6851dfcf8b639e0eeeea8b615941f5f65571c9f9674a9190d4296a939","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9bebb3f372be3491e30d5c93bea58bc2f742f738b46c592296ac3ddac2aadd7b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2009-12-03T21:00:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"3bb0ea2f91bef4037cda003b828a57ebf0aca627dedfec15946ddf356f7d9af9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0912.0735","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4086dc9939e3d3a5c84daf6917af99c30a4dcc05e06d2673738dbc18c69637dd","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4086dc9939e3d3a5c84daf6917af99c30a4dcc05e06d2673738dbc18c69637dd","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34.135166Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34.135166Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"gnpERj6XUIbe4Yv1hdsvlnrz0WZv8PY6L0xUHIk7iiQrMEADVyWWn8mz2lZiJgJZ+2sPygB3OoWSsHOpwMq9AQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:10:34.135788Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0912.0735","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4018f9e6851dfcf8b639e0eeeea8b615941f5f65571c9f9674a9190d4296a939","sha256:d37d7c277fb5f462be44092c12b0eb38cc98c2563f7a33b7b2170e4af92aea07"],"state_sha256":"8b73825f58504bb4344306af6c8c27c36cbdfba0a4490668ba77499cfee484b8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"on9fuvD7iwdxSn2ZX1LCbjpDsy5mjAAcmpoxsTYt7uIHgretqD0ha0AW7b/MvtOC1u46r8Sg6OudqUgwoKLGAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T14:07:04.274829Z","bundle_sha256":"0461ab76a51588c9fe3a7f7e7aa56b1bc442dede146b054aebcf1344ec4474d9"}}