{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O","short_pith_number":"pith:ICIFJH4N","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2106.08713","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2021-06-16T11:32:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c3a8de4fe7b3042eee8d9e1d34293923b623f9ec447f2f5d8abd8df8b78e2006","abstract_canon_sha256":"684a51c887a70bf6c1ad33f7b03a319b7235e8561ee4534c1d068736b03083d2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4090549f8d5363955362f3009df137e3addc5abeda62010dabb033673f0b1803","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2106.08713","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2106.08713","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2106.08713v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2106.08713","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ICIFJH4NKNRZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ICIFJH4N","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2106.08713","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2021-06-16T11:32:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c3a8de4fe7b3042eee8d9e1d34293923b623f9ec447f2f5d8abd8df8b78e2006","abstract_canon_sha256":"684a51c887a70bf6c1ad33f7b03a319b7235e8561ee4534c1d068736b03083d2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4090549f8d5363955362f3009df137e3addc5abeda62010dabb033673f0b1803","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00.778816Z","signature_b64":"qL7GUu5ZoXAmiReKWUofwPzRD0GZT8a7Xo+/pCKicUR8JXh+hlFZr7ld3wKwggVrVpD68Er26cBqQd4o9FUODA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4090549f8d5363955362f3009df137e3addc5abeda62010dabb033673f0b1803","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00.778388Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00.778388Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2106.08713","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wDPmnu2+tv6I9KWJ2gOrsbi3+BenFEImD9YXivkU2x3s9PbdWWjPerflGdZHJYFqIUK1OYpcIAFKpmV2Pik1Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T15:05:43.224922Z"},"content_sha256":"ee2e2ea0955003eb9082b75a8825b235860c8c93b5939ba105912d8dfde54522","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ee2e2ea0955003eb9082b75a8825b235860c8c93b5939ba105912d8dfde54522"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"2nd Place Solution for Waymo Open Dataset Challenge -- Real-time 2D Object Detection","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Bing Bai, Chao Liu, Guoshan Zhang, Haojin Liao, Pengfei Xu, Tengfei Xing, Xiaolin Song, Xin Gao, Yawei Wen, Yueming Zhang, Zhihui Wang","submitted_at":"2021-06-16T11:32:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"In an autonomous driving system, it is essential to recognize vehicles, pedestrians and cyclists from images. Besides the high accuracy of the prediction, the requirement of real-time running brings new challenges for convolutional network models. In this report, we introduce a real-time method to detect the 2D objects from images. We aggregate several popular one-stage object detectors and train the models of variety input strategies independently, to yield better performance for accurate multi-scale detection of each category, especially for small objects. For model acceleration, we leverage"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.08713","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2106.08713/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sGQhGTTWkFdi+W5Is3INdGF+0mFLy4pafVNJcKowKSmBipdi31M1jA+5z47SlMXtASg9spIkUH6kv34kYjHkDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T15:05:43.225743Z"},"content_sha256":"ed57b7f67f7301ae0b2d1602254ef36485a31568f4abbd625a09cef87dea6c83","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ed57b7f67f7301ae0b2d1602254ef36485a31568f4abbd625a09cef87dea6c83"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T15:05:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C6MAJ34JX4O","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"684a51c887a70bf6c1ad33f7b03a319b7235e8561ee4534c1d068736b03083d2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2021-06-16T11:32:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"c3a8de4fe7b3042eee8d9e1d34293923b623f9ec447f2f5d8abd8df8b78e2006"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2106.08713","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2106.08713","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2106.08713v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2106.08713","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ICIFJH4NKNRZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ICIFJH4NKNRZKU3C","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ICIFJH4N","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ed57b7f67f7301ae0b2d1602254ef36485a31568f4abbd625a09cef87dea6c83","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2106.08713/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In an autonomous driving system, it is essential to recognize vehicles, pedestrians and cyclists from images. Besides the high accuracy of the prediction, the requirement of real-time running brings new challenges for convolutional network models. In this report, we introduce a real-time method to detect the 2D objects from images. We aggregate several popular one-stage object detectors and train the models of variety input strategies independently, to yield better performance for accurate multi-scale detection of each category, especially for small objects. For model acceleration, we leverage","authors_text":"Bing Bai, Chao Liu, Guoshan Zhang, Haojin Liao, Pengfei Xu, Tengfei Xing, Xiaolin Song, Xin Gao, Yawei Wen, Yueming Zhang, Zhihui Wang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2021-06-16T11:32:03Z","title":"2nd Place Solution for Waymo Open Dataset Challenge -- Real-time 2D Object Detection"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.08713","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ee2e2ea0955003eb9082b75a8825b235860c8c93b5939ba105912d8dfde54522","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"684a51c887a70bf6c1ad33f7b03a319b7235e8561ee4534c1d068736b03083d2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2021-06-16T11:32:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"c3a8de4fe7b3042eee8d9e1d34293923b623f9ec447f2f5d8abd8df8b78e2006"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2106.08713","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4090549f8d5363955362f3009df137e3addc5abeda62010dabb033673f0b1803","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4090549f8d5363955362f3009df137e3addc5abeda62010dabb033673f0b1803","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00.778388Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00.778388Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"qL7GUu5ZoXAmiReKWUofwPzRD0GZT8a7Xo+/pCKicUR8JXh+hlFZr7ld3wKwggVrVpD68Er26cBqQd4o9FUODA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:50:00.778816Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2106.08713","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ee2e2ea0955003eb9082b75a8825b235860c8c93b5939ba105912d8dfde54522","sha256:ed57b7f67f7301ae0b2d1602254ef36485a31568f4abbd625a09cef87dea6c83"],"state_sha256":"056355996eeb9e6321ee580482721537fc88ba978292af48adb921788b4b635e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dfo8l8ERFQtHTH8jP9tJayJ7uW7hQlsiNeogQXdDDY6LARjRCTmIr4vm+Z13FiOsvAf5MtRNlnwuFTp605UCDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T15:05:43.234020Z","bundle_sha256":"a767abbc6a422b30d05a19f6586d59e0801539533680b0a69736bb5ebdd263ff"}}