{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2018:IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ","short_pith_number":"pith:IDO4S3WN","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"40ddc96ecd2285e3d43baffe5e61dd6a60c26e13b12bbe29b31ecfeac4811408","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1801.06868","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Light-controlled Assembly of Active Colloidal Molecules","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"Benno Liebchen, Falko Schmidt, Giovanni Volpe, Hartmut L\\\"owen","submitted_at":"2018-01-21T18:25:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Thanks to a constant energy input, active matter can self-assemble into phases with complex architectures and functionalities such as living clusters that dynamically form, reshape and break-up, which are forbidden in equilibrium materials by the entropy maximization (or free energy minimization) principle. The challenge to control this active self-assembly has evoked widespread efforts typically hinging on engineering of the properties of individual motile constituents. Here, we provide a different route, where activity occurs as an emergent phenomenon only when individual building blocks bin"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.06868","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-01-21T18:25:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"89e62af761996b4e74b3496174c816df14dc586d6fe83993008070f60ee23ab9","abstract_canon_sha256":"23ae794c9b2b5fe7f9864ecf9c87a0daa1ec8ca0c6a22a7c7a1fce82216c4c20"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:50:16.215159Z","signature_b64":"oPdzJha6WfSpBWPgX/xU0az+hE081r4H3GK4VrrJfAMIVStfzXKBDR6v3qDKJcGc7pkN9Cz4L44Hs+8VuxwmCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"40ddc96ecd2285e3d43baffe5e61dd6a60c26e13b12bbe29b31ecfeac4811408","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:50:16.214620Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:50:16.214620Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Light-controlled Assembly of Active Colloidal Molecules","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"Benno Liebchen, Falko Schmidt, Giovanni Volpe, Hartmut L\\\"owen","submitted_at":"2018-01-21T18:25:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Thanks to a constant energy input, active matter can self-assemble into phases with complex architectures and functionalities such as living clusters that dynamically form, reshape and break-up, which are forbidden in equilibrium materials by the entropy maximization (or free energy minimization) principle. The challenge to control this active self-assembly has evoked widespread efforts typically hinging on engineering of the properties of individual motile constituents. Here, we provide a different route, where activity occurs as an emergent phenomenon only when individual building blocks bin"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.06868","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.06868","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:50:16.214694+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.06868v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:50:16.214694+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.06868","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:50:16.214694+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IDO4S3WNEKC6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28.185984+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28.185984+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IDO4S3WN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28.185984+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ","json":"https://pith.science/pith/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/IDO4S3WN"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/IDO4S3WN","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1801.06868&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/IDO4S3WNEKC6HVB3V77F4YO5NJ/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:50:16.214694+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-17T23:50:16.214694+00:00"}