{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ","short_pith_number":"pith:IDRZYJMP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1311.7024","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-11-27T16:05:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6dafe8f020f044d6964c3596943820a7c2b599eb1e32ddf028d57ff8ede8ef90","abstract_canon_sha256":"7757cd650d8713563529a28c11e5748c211e4a709c605e96f31a91bf8f907a65"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"40e39c258f14838430f9317d2287b12669f5191ad5998cc96a26a84b913ad384","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1311.7024","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1311.7024","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1311.7024v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1311.7024","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IDRZYJMPCSBY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IDRZYJMP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1311.7024","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-11-27T16:05:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6dafe8f020f044d6964c3596943820a7c2b599eb1e32ddf028d57ff8ede8ef90","abstract_canon_sha256":"7757cd650d8713563529a28c11e5748c211e4a709c605e96f31a91bf8f907a65"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"40e39c258f14838430f9317d2287b12669f5191ad5998cc96a26a84b913ad384","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05.552868Z","signature_b64":"AkbfgATfdqTAr7kC52HWVyTE3k1ozeJiTjgL067+CuttME54EpuzjPj4sUor0Do9p5wV69jTLgufcfiKbby7Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"40e39c258f14838430f9317d2287b12669f5191ad5998cc96a26a84b913ad384","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05.552371Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05.552371Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1311.7024","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"i7Vk2c7muIXgYufAk3wkNrnS50gKdGwCSiQ2ueljD4V0D+ssrWY7ktaAdLSnEDLig7pEO+4EXJBKzynZZPJwAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T00:19:14.465039Z"},"content_sha256":"e1ba1b8743e4217ebaef34bb21ede9cd74006480de2896825d8b321c512592f1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e1ba1b8743e4217ebaef34bb21ede9cd74006480de2896825d8b321c512592f1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ages of young stars","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"David R. Soderblom, Eric E. Mamajek, Lynne A. Hillenbrand, Rob D. Jeffries, Tim Naylor","submitted_at":"2013-11-27T16:05:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"Determining the sequence of events in the formation of stars and planetary systems and their time-scales is essential for understanding those processes, yet establishing ages is fundamentally difficult because we lack direct indicators. In this review we discuss the age challenge for young stars, specifically those less than ~100 Myr old. Most age determination methods that we discuss are primarily applicable to groups of stars but can be used to estimate the age of individual objects. A reliable age scale is established above 20 Myr from measurement of the Lithium Depletion Boundary (LDB) in "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1311.7024","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cHgsQ88ftfls2sCpt2vu2fDmEwU5oMkV/hze9IQWUyQHKAEetVCG00UbwpZ6UIICnofD0lDZxEnIfvROoE9eAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T00:19:14.465449Z"},"content_sha256":"36cb75d4bde4579bd4bd1a2150f87ee7cea52b9101da0ed9b622275c6432857c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:36cb75d4bde4579bd4bd1a2150f87ee7cea52b9101da0ed9b622275c6432857c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T00:19:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZGF6SFB5REZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7757cd650d8713563529a28c11e5748c211e4a709c605e96f31a91bf8f907a65","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-11-27T16:05:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"6dafe8f020f044d6964c3596943820a7c2b599eb1e32ddf028d57ff8ede8ef90"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1311.7024","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1311.7024","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1311.7024v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1311.7024","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IDRZYJMPCSBY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IDRZYJMPCSBYIMHZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IDRZYJMP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:36cb75d4bde4579bd4bd1a2150f87ee7cea52b9101da0ed9b622275c6432857c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Determining the sequence of events in the formation of stars and planetary systems and their time-scales is essential for understanding those processes, yet establishing ages is fundamentally difficult because we lack direct indicators. In this review we discuss the age challenge for young stars, specifically those less than ~100 Myr old. Most age determination methods that we discuss are primarily applicable to groups of stars but can be used to estimate the age of individual objects. A reliable age scale is established above 20 Myr from measurement of the Lithium Depletion Boundary (LDB) in ","authors_text":"David R. Soderblom, Eric E. Mamajek, Lynne A. Hillenbrand, Rob D. Jeffries, Tim Naylor","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-11-27T16:05:32Z","title":"Ages of young stars"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1311.7024","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e1ba1b8743e4217ebaef34bb21ede9cd74006480de2896825d8b321c512592f1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7757cd650d8713563529a28c11e5748c211e4a709c605e96f31a91bf8f907a65","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-11-27T16:05:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"6dafe8f020f044d6964c3596943820a7c2b599eb1e32ddf028d57ff8ede8ef90"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1311.7024","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"40e39c258f14838430f9317d2287b12669f5191ad5998cc96a26a84b913ad384","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"40e39c258f14838430f9317d2287b12669f5191ad5998cc96a26a84b913ad384","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05.552371Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05.552371Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"AkbfgATfdqTAr7kC52HWVyTE3k1ozeJiTjgL067+CuttME54EpuzjPj4sUor0Do9p5wV69jTLgufcfiKbby7Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:05.552868Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1311.7024","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e1ba1b8743e4217ebaef34bb21ede9cd74006480de2896825d8b321c512592f1","sha256:36cb75d4bde4579bd4bd1a2150f87ee7cea52b9101da0ed9b622275c6432857c"],"state_sha256":"e69bb1f415ac962f36cc6db5fc27cfa9a549d9f1561d37d27398b38252e72a19"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xxhyt9wdpQ9ZLzYP+1LdbAl9Dv1Ya6VAYhbKkvEV+iIu5Vdj/B/Y2eQWLYVlrQRWqeR8ALKBuOsU52FvlxuABQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T00:19:14.468437Z","bundle_sha256":"fc213e9a0554ba2badba39d94ebae687f8eda4449d92deb3b4226a38cc02d386"}}