{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO","short_pith_number":"pith:IDZ7AHMZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.07104","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T12:18:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"7365253279ef5e1773ecad58b00bd6361b00f14694439bcb67bb198cca281935","abstract_canon_sha256":"dae0ee78da6ed2a9cc90833102dd8133cb9a54b920db1c83edc538dd0c52b01b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"40f3f01d99a88d128f37b746e3ee4443977cba42177115387746075282ab71a1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.07104","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.07104","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.07104v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.07104","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IDZ7AHMZVCGR","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZX","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IDZ7AHMZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.07104","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T12:18:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"7365253279ef5e1773ecad58b00bd6361b00f14694439bcb67bb198cca281935","abstract_canon_sha256":"dae0ee78da6ed2a9cc90833102dd8133cb9a54b920db1c83edc538dd0c52b01b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"40f3f01d99a88d128f37b746e3ee4443977cba42177115387746075282ab71a1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03.921839Z","signature_b64":"GAMW0D15gKr4v0F/pt8SYtsBGQAeg+SVAlDOQJJKIQtDMwlqwzcuJk8qDLro2qjsNfeR0Teu0wzsCpQTQA5dBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"40f3f01d99a88d128f37b746e3ee4443977cba42177115387746075282ab71a1","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03.921291Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03.921291Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2506.07104","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XhyjR48s1oHj/6HhVsIswQKI4nF460E4oXl99MOnQPta8NBhTEQEtnHpmpDFnpdIT/Xp8JENFUP+CMdrPCpfBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T11:13:30.266403Z"},"content_sha256":"95d1191ca242e291eeb468d4e84066d67d4743005d86d9eab219eb9535997706","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:95d1191ca242e291eeb468d4e84066d67d4743005d86d9eab219eb9535997706"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"How Far Are We from Optimal Reasoning Efficiency?","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Jiaxuan Gao, Kaifeng Lyu, Lu Yang, Qixin Tan, Shusheng Xu, Shu Yan, Wei Fu, Yi Wu, Zhiyu Mei","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T12:18:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) demonstrate remarkable problem-solving capabilities through extended Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning but often produce excessively verbose and redundant reasoning traces. This inefficiency incurs high inference costs and limits practical deployment. While existing fine-tuning methods aim to improve reasoning efficiency, assessing their efficiency gains remains challenging due to inconsistent evaluations. In this work, we introduce the reasoning efficiency frontiers, empirical upper bounds derived from fine-tuning base LRMs across diverse approaches and training c"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.07104","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.07104/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1l9haMy7sa6bA/5RLz+x9tLBKv99ZCFuNOwVXf/vQgpkyFx0Mcfc38nsBs7EMu1GOaibDG2ahzRsVaR8ihg7Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T11:13:30.266828Z"},"content_sha256":"9cf599a8ec022fd8a9609e77a54a1a002f6df1da437b3ce0b910cc8e774d0a29","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9cf599a8ec022fd8a9609e77a54a1a002f6df1da437b3ce0b910cc8e774d0a29"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T11:13:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZXW5DOH3SEIO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dae0ee78da6ed2a9cc90833102dd8133cb9a54b920db1c83edc538dd0c52b01b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T12:18:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"7365253279ef5e1773ecad58b00bd6361b00f14694439bcb67bb198cca281935"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.07104","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.07104","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.07104v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.07104","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IDZ7AHMZVCGR","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IDZ7AHMZVCGRFDZX","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IDZ7AHMZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9cf599a8ec022fd8a9609e77a54a1a002f6df1da437b3ce0b910cc8e774d0a29","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2506.07104/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) demonstrate remarkable problem-solving capabilities through extended Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning but often produce excessively verbose and redundant reasoning traces. This inefficiency incurs high inference costs and limits practical deployment. While existing fine-tuning methods aim to improve reasoning efficiency, assessing their efficiency gains remains challenging due to inconsistent evaluations. In this work, we introduce the reasoning efficiency frontiers, empirical upper bounds derived from fine-tuning base LRMs across diverse approaches and training c","authors_text":"Jiaxuan Gao, Kaifeng Lyu, Lu Yang, Qixin Tan, Shusheng Xu, Shu Yan, Wei Fu, Yi Wu, Zhiyu Mei","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T12:18:50Z","title":"How Far Are We from Optimal Reasoning Efficiency?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.07104","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:95d1191ca242e291eeb468d4e84066d67d4743005d86d9eab219eb9535997706","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dae0ee78da6ed2a9cc90833102dd8133cb9a54b920db1c83edc538dd0c52b01b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-08T12:18:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"7365253279ef5e1773ecad58b00bd6361b00f14694439bcb67bb198cca281935"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.07104","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"40f3f01d99a88d128f37b746e3ee4443977cba42177115387746075282ab71a1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"40f3f01d99a88d128f37b746e3ee4443977cba42177115387746075282ab71a1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03.921291Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03.921291Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GAMW0D15gKr4v0F/pt8SYtsBGQAeg+SVAlDOQJJKIQtDMwlqwzcuJk8qDLro2qjsNfeR0Teu0wzsCpQTQA5dBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T12:08:03.921839Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2506.07104","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:95d1191ca242e291eeb468d4e84066d67d4743005d86d9eab219eb9535997706","sha256:9cf599a8ec022fd8a9609e77a54a1a002f6df1da437b3ce0b910cc8e774d0a29"],"state_sha256":"d04c535a9be452270617df4d5b0477a2daeac93c29e294651da16204a4c8b3fb"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uKNaDizXoCOYvWNPBD9FkxSQmm8M2sLsxbPuidF9wKV7ZwIoec202Q+LorhU3eH+NjzN6uIcr9BrC9EIwOLgAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T11:13:30.269898Z","bundle_sha256":"e05564cd69b170aad8f30907cfdeae3f59073d27f0241c2b4e20eca495241fbb"}}