{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP","short_pith_number":"pith:IE7VLHGX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2412.15101","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-12-19T17:48:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2ab414d15d281cccb27025c23d7ccc967de9ae060eeb4b4fb504421db663d2e4","abstract_canon_sha256":"8e28964d420f74522a1ccbad282dc99cdd78f0a9ec7c0c7bca478264f9eea8ed"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"413f559cd74f3388f1bad6ea7e064d53d9701fb4fe7571856544e8d9c32f2a68","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2412.15101","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2412.15101","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2412.15101v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2412.15101","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IE7VLHGXJ4ZY","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IE7VLHGX","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2412.15101","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-12-19T17:48:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2ab414d15d281cccb27025c23d7ccc967de9ae060eeb4b4fb504421db663d2e4","abstract_canon_sha256":"8e28964d420f74522a1ccbad282dc99cdd78f0a9ec7c0c7bca478264f9eea8ed"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"413f559cd74f3388f1bad6ea7e064d53d9701fb4fe7571856544e8d9c32f2a68","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57.895294Z","signature_b64":"n242k/Qg91B8W4lZLlS3ddzHYj7mkcHb4IElwR8vaSnQUJ1stcpxBplar38gBC/c6ybHo8xzVCFU9YikmrWrDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"413f559cd74f3388f1bad6ea7e064d53d9701fb4fe7571856544e8d9c32f2a68","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57.894861Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57.894861Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2412.15101","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"30I/QWhJMJM5O55IvTTnkTlWdXHTTIJu3G7KIIUT4/cyjlUF3oWjHYhw8kXn/HrxGbmlV3RL0O4sy7FJ54NGAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T19:32:50.334095Z"},"content_sha256":"beac8c6943b049634883d8bae4a2235808f87712b6112c8e8b5a9ca84ed23fcc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:beac8c6943b049634883d8bae4a2235808f87712b6112c8e8b5a9ca84ed23fcc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Review-Then-Refine: A Dynamic Framework for Multi-Hop Question Answering with Temporal Adaptability","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Nan Tang, Xiangsen Chen, Xuming Hu","submitted_at":"2024-12-19T17:48:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Retrieve-augmented generation (RAG) frameworks have emerged as a promising solution to multi-hop question answering(QA) tasks since it enables large language models (LLMs) to incorporate external knowledge and mitigate their inherent knowledge deficiencies. Despite this progress, existing RAG frameworks, which usually follows the retrieve-then-read paradigm, often struggle with multi-hop QA with temporal information since it has difficulty retrieving and synthesizing accurate time-related information. To address the challenge, this paper proposes a novel framework called review-then-refine, wh"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2412.15101","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2412.15101/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"apTFlJv9dtNBtxT3gg/88mx8kEbz0dmdIQ8rYcNDbe1b6FWSrR83AjfMqok6IwbXi/WGEG+/P1v7WYviw2wfCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T19:32:50.334970Z"},"content_sha256":"7209ddc2cc2e0a4c8037ed1776ba59714ac6e83e5016b1435d1a289843942073","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7209ddc2cc2e0a4c8037ed1776ba59714ac6e83e5016b1435d1a289843942073"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-15T19:32:50Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N223VH4BSNKP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8e28964d420f74522a1ccbad282dc99cdd78f0a9ec7c0c7bca478264f9eea8ed","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-12-19T17:48:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"2ab414d15d281cccb27025c23d7ccc967de9ae060eeb4b4fb504421db663d2e4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2412.15101","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2412.15101","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2412.15101v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2412.15101","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IE7VLHGXJ4ZY","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IE7VLHGXJ4ZYR4N2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IE7VLHGX","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7209ddc2cc2e0a4c8037ed1776ba59714ac6e83e5016b1435d1a289843942073","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2412.15101/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Retrieve-augmented generation (RAG) frameworks have emerged as a promising solution to multi-hop question answering(QA) tasks since it enables large language models (LLMs) to incorporate external knowledge and mitigate their inherent knowledge deficiencies. Despite this progress, existing RAG frameworks, which usually follows the retrieve-then-read paradigm, often struggle with multi-hop QA with temporal information since it has difficulty retrieving and synthesizing accurate time-related information. To address the challenge, this paper proposes a novel framework called review-then-refine, wh","authors_text":"Nan Tang, Xiangsen Chen, Xuming Hu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-12-19T17:48:23Z","title":"Review-Then-Refine: A Dynamic Framework for Multi-Hop Question Answering with Temporal Adaptability"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2412.15101","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:beac8c6943b049634883d8bae4a2235808f87712b6112c8e8b5a9ca84ed23fcc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8e28964d420f74522a1ccbad282dc99cdd78f0a9ec7c0c7bca478264f9eea8ed","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-12-19T17:48:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"2ab414d15d281cccb27025c23d7ccc967de9ae060eeb4b4fb504421db663d2e4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2412.15101","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"413f559cd74f3388f1bad6ea7e064d53d9701fb4fe7571856544e8d9c32f2a68","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"413f559cd74f3388f1bad6ea7e064d53d9701fb4fe7571856544e8d9c32f2a68","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57.894861Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57.894861Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"n242k/Qg91B8W4lZLlS3ddzHYj7mkcHb4IElwR8vaSnQUJ1stcpxBplar38gBC/c6ybHo8xzVCFU9YikmrWrDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:51:57.895294Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2412.15101","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:beac8c6943b049634883d8bae4a2235808f87712b6112c8e8b5a9ca84ed23fcc","sha256:7209ddc2cc2e0a4c8037ed1776ba59714ac6e83e5016b1435d1a289843942073"],"state_sha256":"39f36b4cca640dfed8d9809feaf96c88b63d4971a7753615ad5c0a0f6c1d1fce"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4hdbKJSYFOCCIo9uwcMPMwLvYssqreeqlTDVJLHkivyDrhjAroAc2z49T1WfYEWAb77XiZ++uA61mH3flDq8DQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T19:32:50.346824Z","bundle_sha256":"0ed229c4fe68ccc8f28a099c72e741950d982acd26b1e83152e56452bd4e6e37"}}