{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525","short_pith_number":"pith:IEIBTCOQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2012.10012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-12-18T02:01:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0d3691d792e53de6a9db3e0f9b8257fff15d8b9f02e83772d0f7e50479cd9bcc","abstract_canon_sha256":"784f7b651a08aa9eee78894fb861df4bdc617b612d803ca7902889786c683627"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"41101989d06a6ff8cdcf1c73fff3bdd7630962c4f6eeffc3e7ef1c7989b94f9b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2012.10012","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2012.10012","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2012.10012v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2012.10012","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IEIBTCOQNJX7","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOP","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IEIBTCOQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2012.10012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-12-18T02:01:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0d3691d792e53de6a9db3e0f9b8257fff15d8b9f02e83772d0f7e50479cd9bcc","abstract_canon_sha256":"784f7b651a08aa9eee78894fb861df4bdc617b612d803ca7902889786c683627"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"41101989d06a6ff8cdcf1c73fff3bdd7630962c4f6eeffc3e7ef1c7989b94f9b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20.696855Z","signature_b64":"L1GoRNzG7GF011yyt/3zGzptzRDOXgREEUvEdhJ0ToVHUXVOXSxlc0gaDe9Ehm7JjzAAnuxxSUFXPBLPKcfqDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"41101989d06a6ff8cdcf1c73fff3bdd7630962c4f6eeffc3e7ef1c7989b94f9b","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20.696457Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20.696457Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2012.10012","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"d2lNQzDwssitRr+JL20bxznKfCFgu/f9LNaYtqDcB07/hn/Wx36k81RtNreLDfTsnsttuYsul2bUYKj4bboDBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T16:14:04.637915Z"},"content_sha256":"d417f572a4deac6e0491d216aa51cd9dac53d81ea6fbb616a551b4107336ae6c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d417f572a4deac6e0491d216aa51cd9dac53d81ea6fbb616a551b4107336ae6c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The role of faint population III supernovae in forming CEMP stars in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Gurtina Besla, Jinmi Yoon, Myoungwon Jeon, Volker Bromm, Yumi Choi","submitted_at":"2020-12-18T02:01:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"CEMP-no stars, a subset of carbon enhanced metal poor (CEMP) stars ($\\rm [C/Fe]\\geq0.7$ and $\\rm [Fe/H]\\lesssim-1$) have been discovered in ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) galaxies, with $M_{\\rm vir} \\sim 10^8$ Msun and $M_{\\ast}\\sim10^3-10^4$ Msun at $z=0$, as well as in the halo of the Milky Way (MW). These CEMP-no stars are local fossils that may reflect the properties of the first (Pop~III) and second (Pop~II) generation of stars. However, cosmological simulations have struggled to reproduce the observed level of carbon enhancement of the known CEMP-no stars. Here we present new cosmological hydro"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2012.10012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2012.10012/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pNWV07805Egmyc29sfvaTp/TBWCGHUe4+5rg+w4b0nrYRBDNm7t0byFDVJYI9y0PvzukrlmXK1/zfzKDbMHdAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T16:14:04.638444Z"},"content_sha256":"075940ef67afeb958969813efec28745b98a80b288d3ba07dffd2ab64f7b8060","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:075940ef67afeb958969813efec28745b98a80b288d3ba07dffd2ab64f7b8060"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-10T16:14:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOPDRZ7745525","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"784f7b651a08aa9eee78894fb861df4bdc617b612d803ca7902889786c683627","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-12-18T02:01:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"0d3691d792e53de6a9db3e0f9b8257fff15d8b9f02e83772d0f7e50479cd9bcc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2012.10012","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2012.10012","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2012.10012v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2012.10012","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IEIBTCOQNJX7","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IEIBTCOQNJX7RTOP","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IEIBTCOQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:075940ef67afeb958969813efec28745b98a80b288d3ba07dffd2ab64f7b8060","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2012.10012/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"CEMP-no stars, a subset of carbon enhanced metal poor (CEMP) stars ($\\rm [C/Fe]\\geq0.7$ and $\\rm [Fe/H]\\lesssim-1$) have been discovered in ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) galaxies, with $M_{\\rm vir} \\sim 10^8$ Msun and $M_{\\ast}\\sim10^3-10^4$ Msun at $z=0$, as well as in the halo of the Milky Way (MW). These CEMP-no stars are local fossils that may reflect the properties of the first (Pop~III) and second (Pop~II) generation of stars. However, cosmological simulations have struggled to reproduce the observed level of carbon enhancement of the known CEMP-no stars. Here we present new cosmological hydro","authors_text":"Gurtina Besla, Jinmi Yoon, Myoungwon Jeon, Volker Bromm, Yumi Choi","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-12-18T02:01:25Z","title":"The role of faint population III supernovae in forming CEMP stars in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2012.10012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d417f572a4deac6e0491d216aa51cd9dac53d81ea6fbb616a551b4107336ae6c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"784f7b651a08aa9eee78894fb861df4bdc617b612d803ca7902889786c683627","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-12-18T02:01:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"0d3691d792e53de6a9db3e0f9b8257fff15d8b9f02e83772d0f7e50479cd9bcc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2012.10012","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"41101989d06a6ff8cdcf1c73fff3bdd7630962c4f6eeffc3e7ef1c7989b94f9b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"41101989d06a6ff8cdcf1c73fff3bdd7630962c4f6eeffc3e7ef1c7989b94f9b","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20.696457Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20.696457Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"L1GoRNzG7GF011yyt/3zGzptzRDOXgREEUvEdhJ0ToVHUXVOXSxlc0gaDe9Ehm7JjzAAnuxxSUFXPBLPKcfqDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:06:20.696855Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2012.10012","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d417f572a4deac6e0491d216aa51cd9dac53d81ea6fbb616a551b4107336ae6c","sha256:075940ef67afeb958969813efec28745b98a80b288d3ba07dffd2ab64f7b8060"],"state_sha256":"8bcc50bcb0ba9acc66e7b1405a9c6076d763391e33e8e4a1900c29e99c5aecf4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IirspQyg7OAp+c+ipZN2A9DrAqKkjICcuZ5hTKQRxCxpPYfOghX9j7tTNTLFry9hd0+zjt9UtZTFEigvhKsMCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T16:14:04.642823Z","bundle_sha256":"445996f24e3ca7fd18e32b453f4d4c714bad850f9bcc8cb836bfd26c73062e9f"}}