{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5","short_pith_number":"pith:IEYTE7GD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.03076","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-08T13:15:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.chem-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"cd961d98f18019576bcd5c2b74e5e25ca160e2f4c40c69f4e621609dd3d63a77","abstract_canon_sha256":"4298c80b145f655b00f1d6334db07381ad1087683ffa762ecdcc5bd3f4a81c47"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4131327cc3ec3ccaeef7d8e22b1ea81f6b0773d507427ce124d8b8032e62e67d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.03076","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.03076","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.03076v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.03076","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IEYTE7GD5Q6M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IEYTE7GD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.03076","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-08T13:15:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.chem-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"cd961d98f18019576bcd5c2b74e5e25ca160e2f4c40c69f4e621609dd3d63a77","abstract_canon_sha256":"4298c80b145f655b00f1d6334db07381ad1087683ffa762ecdcc5bd3f4a81c47"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4131327cc3ec3ccaeef7d8e22b1ea81f6b0773d507427ce124d8b8032e62e67d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44.537730Z","signature_b64":"WNxmx8NXhIrIGZDvrS2v1N0XO3UMVQLlGS+MHQHBShVbJDm6ny3XKGTv+1zFeexNlFQ4FFNlIyB/z47p/mmABg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4131327cc3ec3ccaeef7d8e22b1ea81f6b0773d507427ce124d8b8032e62e67d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44.537039Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44.537039Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1803.03076","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ysdeNYkWo59MMALfbuDYkJyBohJYSXHfAKlNAst9h2q9HgfGvxfFBtQvOk7ku5zJA9JwWvn+rnIGWKQfHoklBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:08:37.516278Z"},"content_sha256":"e1e2bf8b302c916c18c2c2c202882707a16dd0be82578758687e696b76447f62","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e1e2bf8b302c916c18c2c2c202882707a16dd0be82578758687e696b76447f62"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Path collective variables without paths","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.chem-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","authors_text":"Dan Mendels, GiovanniMaria Piccini, Michele Parrinello","submitted_at":"2018-03-08T13:15:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"We introduce a method to obtain one-dimensional collective variables for studying rarely occurring transitions between two metastable states separated by a high free energy barrier. No previous information, not even approximated, on the path followed during the transition is needed. The only requirement is to know the fluctuations of the system while in the two metastable states. With this information in hand we build the collective variable using a modified version of Fisher's linear discriminant analysis. The usefulness of this approach is tested on the metadynamics simulation of two represe"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.03076","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QcGsMb71OBHvg7/RsBHg9I9qkqF9pYb7XBEv0QxfvDFJz3uGdQpNTphJM7WZMUaLEo9/JECm84RLTwR4lyyDAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:08:37.516694Z"},"content_sha256":"b6ef0646b276617266d0b1de8f89b6e30f3218c1da21ae7b46f4f40c76247743","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b6ef0646b276617266d0b1de8f89b6e30f3218c1da21ae7b46f4f40c76247743"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T15:08:37Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX3DRCWHVID5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4298c80b145f655b00f1d6334db07381ad1087683ffa762ecdcc5bd3f4a81c47","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.chem-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-08T13:15:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"cd961d98f18019576bcd5c2b74e5e25ca160e2f4c40c69f4e621609dd3d63a77"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.03076","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.03076","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.03076v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.03076","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IEYTE7GD5Q6M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IEYTE7GD5Q6MV3XX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IEYTE7GD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b6ef0646b276617266d0b1de8f89b6e30f3218c1da21ae7b46f4f40c76247743","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We introduce a method to obtain one-dimensional collective variables for studying rarely occurring transitions between two metastable states separated by a high free energy barrier. No previous information, not even approximated, on the path followed during the transition is needed. The only requirement is to know the fluctuations of the system while in the two metastable states. With this information in hand we build the collective variable using a modified version of Fisher's linear discriminant analysis. The usefulness of this approach is tested on the metadynamics simulation of two represe","authors_text":"Dan Mendels, GiovanniMaria Piccini, Michele Parrinello","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.chem-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-08T13:15:04Z","title":"Path collective variables without paths"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.03076","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e1e2bf8b302c916c18c2c2c202882707a16dd0be82578758687e696b76447f62","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4298c80b145f655b00f1d6334db07381ad1087683ffa762ecdcc5bd3f4a81c47","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.chem-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-08T13:15:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"cd961d98f18019576bcd5c2b74e5e25ca160e2f4c40c69f4e621609dd3d63a77"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.03076","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4131327cc3ec3ccaeef7d8e22b1ea81f6b0773d507427ce124d8b8032e62e67d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4131327cc3ec3ccaeef7d8e22b1ea81f6b0773d507427ce124d8b8032e62e67d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44.537039Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44.537039Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"WNxmx8NXhIrIGZDvrS2v1N0XO3UMVQLlGS+MHQHBShVbJDm6ny3XKGTv+1zFeexNlFQ4FFNlIyB/z47p/mmABg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:44.537730Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1803.03076","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e1e2bf8b302c916c18c2c2c202882707a16dd0be82578758687e696b76447f62","sha256:b6ef0646b276617266d0b1de8f89b6e30f3218c1da21ae7b46f4f40c76247743"],"state_sha256":"9cd9878f7a7d14200d32ca7542bef17daad90a93ec9bca3d1f76877397497970"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"i9IIxL2LB6UfOTbQbz/Au174iQyYIdwYHW8wG6hukknNYUinqtZJOuEUEov6EGZf3mZQOzd6Cz21alXSBrShAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:08:37.519853Z","bundle_sha256":"d6abddd9e7a609d71eb2de515d3539e7ae17158820517c9cadf5ae968cd09731"}}