{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA","short_pith_number":"pith:IFNH37DC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2405.12274","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2024-05-20T18:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"7111e8fc07804703ba76052a4facc3c584982a07dea1504ced1e60c0dfa86503","abstract_canon_sha256":"a4be602953768fbade16377075b61556c2263638e928623ab47900aecfbd5d6e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"415a7dfc62968e37d72325f448741f000ec548b96341f5d3b0f84e3ff7ccd171","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2405.12274","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2405.12274","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2405.12274v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2405.12274","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IFNH37DCS2HD","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IFNH37DCS2HDPVZD","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IFNH37DC","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2405.12274","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2024-05-20T18:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"7111e8fc07804703ba76052a4facc3c584982a07dea1504ced1e60c0dfa86503","abstract_canon_sha256":"a4be602953768fbade16377075b61556c2263638e928623ab47900aecfbd5d6e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"415a7dfc62968e37d72325f448741f000ec548b96341f5d3b0f84e3ff7ccd171","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09.994847Z","signature_b64":"d7k8fV8MH50d2JE4xgLeCXlnyDHC8wwOrY0dppr0ZTu36lr8xMJJ7RsL4ofBr843RUTQeyPtPZfRsb65WvCnCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"415a7dfc62968e37d72325f448741f000ec548b96341f5d3b0f84e3ff7ccd171","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09.994360Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09.994360Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2405.12274","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JQSHUb+nWz1dVYqrdCDg7YHIoZEsDnqb76sCm7e4BdjJ/fg30aUmhcYJQgp1m1NKuGtv1VKsjFSkUy8o/VpXDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T10:13:51.659527Z"},"content_sha256":"b267f3d8d12509faf6857ec3eeb00e488d05fe8769d709db92b0c7d6bd9a396e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b267f3d8d12509faf6857ec3eeb00e488d05fe8769d709db92b0c7d6bd9a396e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Model for Eruptive Mass Loss in Massive Stars","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"Charlie Conroy, Evan B. Bauer, Jared A. Goldberg, Mathieu Renzo, Matteo Cantiello, Shelley J. Cheng","submitted_at":"2024-05-20T18:00:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"Eruptive mass loss in massive stars is known to occur, but the mechanism(s) are not yet well-understood. One proposed physical explanation appeals to opacity-driven super-Eddington luminosities in stellar envelopes. Here, we present a 1D model for eruptive mass loss and implement this model in the MESA stellar evolution code. The model identifies regions in the star where the energy associated with a locally super-Eddington luminosity exceeds the binding energy of the overlaying envelope. The material above such regions is ejected from the star. Stars with masses $10-100~M_\\odot$ at solar and "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2405.12274","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2405.12274/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0VmRdD9/Z0fa1Xl17UogrN0dDf84g+f8/DvidPiKq4XgXdZD6jRmH0GnxVO3bYRN7A0MsHp24EDq4XShjIlRAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T10:13:51.659993Z"},"content_sha256":"0759e2f1bf248dbd720c5ee5d52760edbcd64702c797a07217668a9cc50c033b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0759e2f1bf248dbd720c5ee5d52760edbcd64702c797a07217668a9cc50c033b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T10:13:51Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:IFNH37DCS2HDPVZDEX2EQ5A7AA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a4be602953768fbade16377075b61556c2263638e928623ab47900aecfbd5d6e","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2024-05-20T18:00:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"7111e8fc07804703ba76052a4facc3c584982a07dea1504ced1e60c0dfa86503"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2405.12274","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2405.12274","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2405.12274v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2405.12274","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IFNH37DCS2HD","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IFNH37DCS2HDPVZD","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IFNH37DC","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0759e2f1bf248dbd720c5ee5d52760edbcd64702c797a07217668a9cc50c033b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2405.12274/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Eruptive mass loss in massive stars is known to occur, but the mechanism(s) are not yet well-understood. One proposed physical explanation appeals to opacity-driven super-Eddington luminosities in stellar envelopes. Here, we present a 1D model for eruptive mass loss and implement this model in the MESA stellar evolution code. The model identifies regions in the star where the energy associated with a locally super-Eddington luminosity exceeds the binding energy of the overlaying envelope. The material above such regions is ejected from the star. Stars with masses $10-100~M_\\odot$ at solar and ","authors_text":"Charlie Conroy, Evan B. Bauer, Jared A. Goldberg, Mathieu Renzo, Matteo Cantiello, Shelley J. Cheng","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2024-05-20T18:00:00Z","title":"A Model for Eruptive Mass Loss in Massive Stars"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2405.12274","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b267f3d8d12509faf6857ec3eeb00e488d05fe8769d709db92b0c7d6bd9a396e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a4be602953768fbade16377075b61556c2263638e928623ab47900aecfbd5d6e","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2024-05-20T18:00:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"7111e8fc07804703ba76052a4facc3c584982a07dea1504ced1e60c0dfa86503"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2405.12274","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"415a7dfc62968e37d72325f448741f000ec548b96341f5d3b0f84e3ff7ccd171","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"415a7dfc62968e37d72325f448741f000ec548b96341f5d3b0f84e3ff7ccd171","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09.994360Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09.994360Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"d7k8fV8MH50d2JE4xgLeCXlnyDHC8wwOrY0dppr0ZTu36lr8xMJJ7RsL4ofBr843RUTQeyPtPZfRsb65WvCnCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:04:09.994847Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2405.12274","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b267f3d8d12509faf6857ec3eeb00e488d05fe8769d709db92b0c7d6bd9a396e","sha256:0759e2f1bf248dbd720c5ee5d52760edbcd64702c797a07217668a9cc50c033b"],"state_sha256":"8efc3d1eb1063c8387f88878de2ef8e57e5c4085d996fda9557711bcdf93c4e3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0r6jFoYC7jZLZkDWhiCY8NeiQBG0YzbKAPGsxOWaifLc0UTUThtkxQq/BLSTlVl2khumisyg4D4zOWO3eyPeDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T10:13:51.663987Z","bundle_sha256":"216b5eaa013b908239d5e89e2d7584dd426b1274dddecd8de2f0c23960cbdd7c"}}