{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R","short_pith_number":"pith:IGQFKNCW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.05569","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T17:49:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM","physics.plasm-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"b360b294bb2e1eae587544256a30f5e7aa1ac62cd9c209b3abe3745f2123e477","abstract_canon_sha256":"eb7e41f0a366b1de7a3602b3f1142e6bc83fdd156e52702af9c185cc8644a972"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"41a05534568326ddf91e8de152730ddc75cb15554d4b3635d1e343f13d8f968b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1612.05569","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.05569","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.05569v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.05569","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IGQFKNCWQMTN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IGQFKNCW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.05569","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T17:49:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM","physics.plasm-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"b360b294bb2e1eae587544256a30f5e7aa1ac62cd9c209b3abe3745f2123e477","abstract_canon_sha256":"eb7e41f0a366b1de7a3602b3f1142e6bc83fdd156e52702af9c185cc8644a972"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"41a05534568326ddf91e8de152730ddc75cb15554d4b3635d1e343f13d8f968b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14.661570Z","signature_b64":"lzZH1HicD9KJmhHcWjmC5APR32V+WHfD+JkXdRfLmvsnym9vtsU2j/vK1vOZX657OTZyJwXBBYo/m7DXecvGBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"41a05534568326ddf91e8de152730ddc75cb15554d4b3635d1e343f13d8f968b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14.660819Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14.660819Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1612.05569","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8WPfS1ASY8sOcLxQg8ZXM8n6qCMSUlEpnzzo6bW0m/YlbBqltEl/G0EZu8ecgEhE+fHHjL2tUPn+yNeUGezUDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T18:33:37.544793Z"},"content_sha256":"47c3c16682a4fed0036cf0b8f6acda6dd330278ac67a643dc6d825bca786be32","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:47c3c16682a4fed0036cf0b8f6acda6dd330278ac67a643dc6d825bca786be32"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"From ultraluminous X-ray sources to ultraluminous supersoft sources: NGC 55 ULX, the missing link","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.IM","physics.plasm-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"A. C. Fabian, A. D. Sutton, C. Pinto, D. J. Walton, E. Kara, H. Earnshaw, M. J. Middleton, R. Soria, R. Urquhart, T. P. Roberts, W. Alston","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T17:49:13Z","abstract_excerpt":"In recent work with high-resolution grating spectrometers (RGS) aboard XMM-Newton Pinto et al. (2016) have discovered that two bright and archetypal ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) have strong relativistic winds in agreement with theoretical predictions of high accretion rates. It has been proposed that such winds can become optically thick enough to block and reprocess the disk X-ray photons almost entirely, making the source appear as a soft thermal emitter or ultraluminous supersoft X-ray source (ULS). To test this hypothesis we have studied a ULX where the wind is strong enough to cause"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.05569","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bwq+8mbnuDmcC6XGhKpIRHJZP50UZV1UClKnY0o3u/ggNAKj78J04BhNQT0SkCfzRqpsEUz7IHgOmpoEVNIMAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T18:33:37.545263Z"},"content_sha256":"db926351276d674481ddcf667e11d0eb6939918ba701b7cf52bc65ad47b474d2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:db926351276d674481ddcf667e11d0eb6939918ba701b7cf52bc65ad47b474d2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T18:33:37Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6RXQVE4YN3R","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"eb7e41f0a366b1de7a3602b3f1142e6bc83fdd156e52702af9c185cc8644a972","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM","physics.plasm-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T17:49:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"b360b294bb2e1eae587544256a30f5e7aa1ac62cd9c209b3abe3745f2123e477"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1612.05569","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.05569","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.05569v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.05569","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IGQFKNCWQMTN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IGQFKNCWQMTN36I6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IGQFKNCW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:db926351276d674481ddcf667e11d0eb6939918ba701b7cf52bc65ad47b474d2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In recent work with high-resolution grating spectrometers (RGS) aboard XMM-Newton Pinto et al. (2016) have discovered that two bright and archetypal ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) have strong relativistic winds in agreement with theoretical predictions of high accretion rates. It has been proposed that such winds can become optically thick enough to block and reprocess the disk X-ray photons almost entirely, making the source appear as a soft thermal emitter or ultraluminous supersoft X-ray source (ULS). To test this hypothesis we have studied a ULX where the wind is strong enough to cause","authors_text":"A. C. Fabian, A. D. Sutton, C. Pinto, D. J. Walton, E. Kara, H. Earnshaw, M. J. Middleton, R. Soria, R. Urquhart, T. P. Roberts, W. Alston","cross_cats":["astro-ph.IM","physics.plasm-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T17:49:13Z","title":"From ultraluminous X-ray sources to ultraluminous supersoft sources: NGC 55 ULX, the missing link"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.05569","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:47c3c16682a4fed0036cf0b8f6acda6dd330278ac67a643dc6d825bca786be32","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"eb7e41f0a366b1de7a3602b3f1142e6bc83fdd156e52702af9c185cc8644a972","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM","physics.plasm-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T17:49:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"b360b294bb2e1eae587544256a30f5e7aa1ac62cd9c209b3abe3745f2123e477"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1612.05569","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"41a05534568326ddf91e8de152730ddc75cb15554d4b3635d1e343f13d8f968b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"41a05534568326ddf91e8de152730ddc75cb15554d4b3635d1e343f13d8f968b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14.660819Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14.660819Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lzZH1HicD9KJmhHcWjmC5APR32V+WHfD+JkXdRfLmvsnym9vtsU2j/vK1vOZX657OTZyJwXBBYo/m7DXecvGBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:14.661570Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1612.05569","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:47c3c16682a4fed0036cf0b8f6acda6dd330278ac67a643dc6d825bca786be32","sha256:db926351276d674481ddcf667e11d0eb6939918ba701b7cf52bc65ad47b474d2"],"state_sha256":"36b226ba31b10cfe943b54175540947b2f4f752c9eed4a2026d845d0f05094fe"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5FSWEZp7tqhl4OWabgeGGEjxeo/AXJ9E1UlOaK9b+VqfR/BKhnWs9V9GyZZw1nnaHn/JvWeLfWom7rzC/qyhCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T18:33:37.548418Z","bundle_sha256":"f01ff60fd4076b79419077bf5e4e82fb59a8c7871436afbce17a07a366dd6eb9"}}