{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5","short_pith_number":"pith:IKCWSVPM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1808.10208","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-08-30T10:16:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"2f8edc0b9eab4a89a7f868c67f38a882c333a22de17522b11df6dd537c31e942","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a2e28684eaf5d9219de37940f263acccfcb7a5cc99eed149fa261da7e67aae5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"42856955ec99f1c92d6ec660cb18ebc76ea2643023fa867953ad60d0192ac1f0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1808.10208","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1808.10208","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1808.10208v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1808.10208","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IKCWSVPMTHY4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IKCWSVPM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1808.10208","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-08-30T10:16:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"2f8edc0b9eab4a89a7f868c67f38a882c333a22de17522b11df6dd537c31e942","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a2e28684eaf5d9219de37940f263acccfcb7a5cc99eed149fa261da7e67aae5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"42856955ec99f1c92d6ec660cb18ebc76ea2643023fa867953ad60d0192ac1f0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15.133633Z","signature_b64":"ImaDYieFYqWw4tI1Vd6o/hvSYzgul+GMKodf9X3/jJMBzTPjkd/ObXed3W1hGMXnLUlHrQt6RFPRo4kJH8lzCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"42856955ec99f1c92d6ec660cb18ebc76ea2643023fa867953ad60d0192ac1f0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15.133077Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15.133077Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1808.10208","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1GSNIItbV0KVxrKg4bKw2C/ih1kX4zclbVDHaQRW6QILPUNRq5fmomNlD7TLhFNuhFrLuYQj8AhGq93QeOwTBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-02T06:27:06.607304Z"},"content_sha256":"082d639737a69ce2f8159fac2d43567477c7e3e484638b64dbaaf9638824356e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:082d639737a69ce2f8159fac2d43567477c7e3e484638b64dbaaf9638824356e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The non-modal onset of the tearing instability","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"David MacTaggart","submitted_at":"2018-08-30T10:16:42Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the onset of the classical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) tearing instability (TI) and focus on non-modal (transient) growth rather than the tearing mode. With the help of pseudospectral theory, the operators of the linear equations are shown to be highly non-normal, resulting in the possibility of significant transient growth at the onset of the TI. This possibility increases as the Lundquist number $S$ increases. In particular, we find evidence, numerically, that the maximum possible transient growth, measured in the $L_2$-norm, for the classical setup of current sheets unstable to"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1808.10208","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"t91y5v0jvBjukNWsPUaYUnE1Eexjzw/QU0pvU+dsAv1OYzjpx3HHfgZJO4XOXEjAYkZ9aan0/PORHzMs34ajAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-02T06:27:06.607668Z"},"content_sha256":"bf71b7e214d8962c84d3d69e389749de669aa3b191de4deaef92e8867555c001","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bf71b7e214d8962c84d3d69e389749de669aa3b191de4deaef92e8867555c001"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-02T06:27:06Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLOYZQMWGHLY5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a2e28684eaf5d9219de37940f263acccfcb7a5cc99eed149fa261da7e67aae5","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-08-30T10:16:42Z","title_canon_sha256":"2f8edc0b9eab4a89a7f868c67f38a882c333a22de17522b11df6dd537c31e942"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1808.10208","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1808.10208","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1808.10208v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1808.10208","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IKCWSVPMTHY4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IKCWSVPMTHY4SLLO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IKCWSVPM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bf71b7e214d8962c84d3d69e389749de669aa3b191de4deaef92e8867555c001","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the onset of the classical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) tearing instability (TI) and focus on non-modal (transient) growth rather than the tearing mode. With the help of pseudospectral theory, the operators of the linear equations are shown to be highly non-normal, resulting in the possibility of significant transient growth at the onset of the TI. This possibility increases as the Lundquist number $S$ increases. In particular, we find evidence, numerically, that the maximum possible transient growth, measured in the $L_2$-norm, for the classical setup of current sheets unstable to","authors_text":"David MacTaggart","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-08-30T10:16:42Z","title":"The non-modal onset of the tearing instability"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1808.10208","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:082d639737a69ce2f8159fac2d43567477c7e3e484638b64dbaaf9638824356e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a2e28684eaf5d9219de37940f263acccfcb7a5cc99eed149fa261da7e67aae5","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-08-30T10:16:42Z","title_canon_sha256":"2f8edc0b9eab4a89a7f868c67f38a882c333a22de17522b11df6dd537c31e942"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1808.10208","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"42856955ec99f1c92d6ec660cb18ebc76ea2643023fa867953ad60d0192ac1f0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"42856955ec99f1c92d6ec660cb18ebc76ea2643023fa867953ad60d0192ac1f0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15.133077Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15.133077Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ImaDYieFYqWw4tI1Vd6o/hvSYzgul+GMKodf9X3/jJMBzTPjkd/ObXed3W1hGMXnLUlHrQt6RFPRo4kJH8lzCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:15.133633Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1808.10208","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:082d639737a69ce2f8159fac2d43567477c7e3e484638b64dbaaf9638824356e","sha256:bf71b7e214d8962c84d3d69e389749de669aa3b191de4deaef92e8867555c001"],"state_sha256":"06dfa00d43e58feadeea72f17d82bd5979c34937c99638b345ab223a345aff68"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QSHTnNdwejSpcKARyZcEgk082X07jcfqahEo+kyyuA8+obsqoM3W6pAcvXxa1Mp/5IFCEu7mUul9JgdCnOT9AQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-02T06:27:06.610270Z","bundle_sha256":"e555bb531714ee09f13e95c700cf9ba1c88a1858e6e20689713758fe90049c2a"}}