{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR","short_pith_number":"pith:IKKFMVNO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2502.03651","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2025-02-05T22:29:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a05d4cac072234dcd5221c8ce139a6719461ddbf1155c882befd6b029aa3d53d","abstract_canon_sha256":"8a4c820f48e61f14d561ab79c09b1848ca15ac9c998b9c4df3485907ed268f25"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"42945655ae9c074f74f5d91e57f5fb0c44fb1ba15516d0faefd58df787fac9b6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2502.03651","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.03651","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.03651v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.03651","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IKKFMVNOTQDU","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IKKFMVNO","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2502.03651","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2025-02-05T22:29:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a05d4cac072234dcd5221c8ce139a6719461ddbf1155c882befd6b029aa3d53d","abstract_canon_sha256":"8a4c820f48e61f14d561ab79c09b1848ca15ac9c998b9c4df3485907ed268f25"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"42945655ae9c074f74f5d91e57f5fb0c44fb1ba15516d0faefd58df787fac9b6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13.360632Z","signature_b64":"swdiopLalKidYiIlYrVp9lIsgdcwEtRoxFoDPg77pZUXR3a0nxnjLKEXNN7C0hRYgIKvm8KRR6ibPphQnu8xDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"42945655ae9c074f74f5d91e57f5fb0c44fb1ba15516d0faefd58df787fac9b6","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13.360174Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13.360174Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2502.03651","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DNu6s/kO9G2EZXvBKdh0rHbZkGppBRHzFp6mZQ++0yArjC6gcBR8bANH117guOn9anexJgZAKRFB1FZqG8BeBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T15:17:53.598182Z"},"content_sha256":"a6aa7cdc30cd647b7e9c6cfb759f68d3acf66de5c3cafae2bd2769a5d8505136","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a6aa7cdc30cd647b7e9c6cfb759f68d3acf66de5c3cafae2bd2769a5d8505136"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Characterization of Starlink Direct-to-Cell Satellites In Brightness Mitigation Mode","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"Anthony Mallama, Jay Respler, Richard E. Cole, Scott Harrington","submitted_at":"2025-02-05T22:29:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"The mean apparent magnitude of Starlink Mini Direct-To-Cell (DTC) satellites observed in brightness mitigation mode is 5.16, while the mean of magnitudes adjusted to a uniform distance of 1,000 km is 6.47. The DTCs have faded since early in 2024 because SpaceX subsequently adjusted the spacecraft attitudes to dim them. A physical model for satellite brightness that fits the observations is described."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.03651","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2502.03651/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kpTsY3851ZpSmlXrSukK7nBD9Us7E73ow0YpehVBCJRoZNcVyMU81zP8Uo4qCMpRHpKEJ5PZrdOxMJEQ7LYsDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T15:17:53.598776Z"},"content_sha256":"e5624d3ab5ec8ec2e7f63cd146af2a75efd3260bb44f5464c09e8d8acf784409","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e5624d3ab5ec8ec2e7f63cd146af2a75efd3260bb44f5464c09e8d8acf784409"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T15:17:53Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV3EPFP5P3BR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8a4c820f48e61f14d561ab79c09b1848ca15ac9c998b9c4df3485907ed268f25","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2025-02-05T22:29:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"a05d4cac072234dcd5221c8ce139a6719461ddbf1155c882befd6b029aa3d53d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.03651","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.03651","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.03651v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.03651","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IKKFMVNOTQDU","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IKKFMVNOTQDU65HV","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IKKFMVNO","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e5624d3ab5ec8ec2e7f63cd146af2a75efd3260bb44f5464c09e8d8acf784409","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2502.03651/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The mean apparent magnitude of Starlink Mini Direct-To-Cell (DTC) satellites observed in brightness mitigation mode is 5.16, while the mean of magnitudes adjusted to a uniform distance of 1,000 km is 6.47. The DTCs have faded since early in 2024 because SpaceX subsequently adjusted the spacecraft attitudes to dim them. A physical model for satellite brightness that fits the observations is described.","authors_text":"Anthony Mallama, Jay Respler, Richard E. Cole, Scott Harrington","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2025-02-05T22:29:15Z","title":"Characterization of Starlink Direct-to-Cell Satellites In Brightness Mitigation Mode"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.03651","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a6aa7cdc30cd647b7e9c6cfb759f68d3acf66de5c3cafae2bd2769a5d8505136","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8a4c820f48e61f14d561ab79c09b1848ca15ac9c998b9c4df3485907ed268f25","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2025-02-05T22:29:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"a05d4cac072234dcd5221c8ce139a6719461ddbf1155c882befd6b029aa3d53d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.03651","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"42945655ae9c074f74f5d91e57f5fb0c44fb1ba15516d0faefd58df787fac9b6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"42945655ae9c074f74f5d91e57f5fb0c44fb1ba15516d0faefd58df787fac9b6","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13.360174Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13.360174Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"swdiopLalKidYiIlYrVp9lIsgdcwEtRoxFoDPg77pZUXR3a0nxnjLKEXNN7C0hRYgIKvm8KRR6ibPphQnu8xDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:10:13.360632Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2502.03651","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a6aa7cdc30cd647b7e9c6cfb759f68d3acf66de5c3cafae2bd2769a5d8505136","sha256:e5624d3ab5ec8ec2e7f63cd146af2a75efd3260bb44f5464c09e8d8acf784409"],"state_sha256":"d0638e63580b3ed43694640a927c16490db78393c0acadd5c960808f60111cf5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RYV8zjfm3KzYj/x/ubbU8rX8XIwPSUmQOFRt8YXOwKSRKlqM1MMdZ87VONhxhWy7JD1LN+mDHViNofTzmQXOCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T15:17:53.602530Z","bundle_sha256":"98adb2736162f3432d3fb2b276526d981e1fba8c988255eff0a78ea4a0ed21cb"}}