{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ","short_pith_number":"pith:IOTXHIFE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1702.03941","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-02-13T19:00:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"84c24c80c3b9c22fa9d97d9e9b9ecb7f532ba31bd0d9befa0ede6d2e341aa4ef","abstract_canon_sha256":"0e4c8b6978c22f4c4218e8eeea4f34f0fe2e8a819387f58c4403cdff90e21f9b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"43a773a0a4bcd5238c8f899d7e2249442d57d336e335a70daf492e271819cbfe","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1702.03941","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1702.03941","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1702.03941v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1702.03941","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IOTXHIFEXTKS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IOTXHIFE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1702.03941","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-02-13T19:00:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"84c24c80c3b9c22fa9d97d9e9b9ecb7f532ba31bd0d9befa0ede6d2e341aa4ef","abstract_canon_sha256":"0e4c8b6978c22f4c4218e8eeea4f34f0fe2e8a819387f58c4403cdff90e21f9b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"43a773a0a4bcd5238c8f899d7e2249442d57d336e335a70daf492e271819cbfe","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27.273492Z","signature_b64":"bLy9THOfgXhqag8OkqcdPT8STPPagvMjg1XNxHakpGk2Rh2+uOLm/OlFo+F8EpipbyocZDRe+4d6t/ipu0DoBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"43a773a0a4bcd5238c8f899d7e2249442d57d336e335a70daf492e271819cbfe","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27.272769Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27.272769Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1702.03941","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+PxbZlyoMJFEyDkcO9/OUxoDI6K989uTTITGtR8oGuqY+GOUGWdfZdOPIgUDU+jJFz08ek+Z8aapyt+TlzXuAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T18:25:30.862508Z"},"content_sha256":"09f0ef1e0a6a326a2044bdc962074609278d270ff8c053b47dcc6a92aed08e70","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:09f0ef1e0a6a326a2044bdc962074609278d270ff8c053b47dcc6a92aed08e70"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Opacity limit for supermassive protostars","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Federico Marinacci, Fernando Becerra, Kohei Inayoshi, Lars E. Hernquist, Volker Bromm","submitted_at":"2017-02-13T19:00:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a model for the evolution of supermassive protostars from their formation at $M_\\star \\simeq 0.1\\,\\text{M}_\\odot$ until their growth to $M_\\star \\simeq 10^5\\,\\text{M}_\\odot$. To calculate the initial properties of the object in the optically thick regime we follow two approaches: based on idealized thermodynamic considerations, and on a more detailed one-zone model. Both methods derive a similar value of $n_{\\rm F} \\simeq 2 \\times 10^{17} \\,\\text{cm}^{-3}$ for the density of the object when opacity becomes important, i.e. the opacity limit. The subsequent evolution of the growing pr"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1702.03941","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CP6Cy8OwYja8aLv/ajuOHyEosDpyTtAlYADY2CLe1glNmAvZPltMRsPskLhs+SZ5a4PohMaJcu6n/ubl7FINDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T18:25:30.863203Z"},"content_sha256":"2414a08cd6b8f8238f341c127125f0717c22d8d079ace878fe9aba542385d868","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2414a08cd6b8f8238f341c127125f0717c22d8d079ace878fe9aba542385d868"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T18:25:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEPRGOX4ISJIQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0e4c8b6978c22f4c4218e8eeea4f34f0fe2e8a819387f58c4403cdff90e21f9b","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-02-13T19:00:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"84c24c80c3b9c22fa9d97d9e9b9ecb7f532ba31bd0d9befa0ede6d2e341aa4ef"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1702.03941","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1702.03941","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1702.03941v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1702.03941","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IOTXHIFEXTKS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IOTXHIFEXTKSHDEP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IOTXHIFE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2414a08cd6b8f8238f341c127125f0717c22d8d079ace878fe9aba542385d868","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a model for the evolution of supermassive protostars from their formation at $M_\\star \\simeq 0.1\\,\\text{M}_\\odot$ until their growth to $M_\\star \\simeq 10^5\\,\\text{M}_\\odot$. To calculate the initial properties of the object in the optically thick regime we follow two approaches: based on idealized thermodynamic considerations, and on a more detailed one-zone model. Both methods derive a similar value of $n_{\\rm F} \\simeq 2 \\times 10^{17} \\,\\text{cm}^{-3}$ for the density of the object when opacity becomes important, i.e. the opacity limit. The subsequent evolution of the growing pr","authors_text":"Federico Marinacci, Fernando Becerra, Kohei Inayoshi, Lars E. Hernquist, Volker Bromm","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-02-13T19:00:14Z","title":"Opacity limit for supermassive protostars"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1702.03941","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:09f0ef1e0a6a326a2044bdc962074609278d270ff8c053b47dcc6a92aed08e70","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0e4c8b6978c22f4c4218e8eeea4f34f0fe2e8a819387f58c4403cdff90e21f9b","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-02-13T19:00:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"84c24c80c3b9c22fa9d97d9e9b9ecb7f532ba31bd0d9befa0ede6d2e341aa4ef"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1702.03941","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"43a773a0a4bcd5238c8f899d7e2249442d57d336e335a70daf492e271819cbfe","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"43a773a0a4bcd5238c8f899d7e2249442d57d336e335a70daf492e271819cbfe","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27.272769Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27.272769Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"bLy9THOfgXhqag8OkqcdPT8STPPagvMjg1XNxHakpGk2Rh2+uOLm/OlFo+F8EpipbyocZDRe+4d6t/ipu0DoBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:27.273492Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1702.03941","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:09f0ef1e0a6a326a2044bdc962074609278d270ff8c053b47dcc6a92aed08e70","sha256:2414a08cd6b8f8238f341c127125f0717c22d8d079ace878fe9aba542385d868"],"state_sha256":"59ada702c30951d2d168977e97c0aafc64b0cd7b629b87befea38dbfb65817b1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6Js0VbZSgEPQS772NGCR6kyr2RoUU4rbbza+z+3B31x7vsVRHPkG6ELp6S2Z98rFX41oYn7QSUEzB/Yjch0tCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T18:25:30.867083Z","bundle_sha256":"0d76d867d201ab1444cb0ab1cc758ca47cfe3570d46ea891ed111e7209e67541"}}