{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53","short_pith_number":"pith:IRBHK32G","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2001.08003","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2020-01-22T13:25:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC"],"title_canon_sha256":"b8a523928242b723e1b46069c9d079adbe843c448eb9c32f192803fdf3bc5cc1","abstract_canon_sha256":"1e8da0abecca870fc875450a64345a8dbd5915f6db800f08cc2faf4e6cc498a8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4442756f462101bd5ab4a4f885f0c2eed03b8254e2497f8e95d50001be65782a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2001.08003","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2001.08003","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2001.08003v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2001.08003","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IRBHK32GEEA3","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IRBHK32GEEA32WVU","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IRBHK32G","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2001.08003","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2020-01-22T13:25:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC"],"title_canon_sha256":"b8a523928242b723e1b46069c9d079adbe843c448eb9c32f192803fdf3bc5cc1","abstract_canon_sha256":"1e8da0abecca870fc875450a64345a8dbd5915f6db800f08cc2faf4e6cc498a8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4442756f462101bd5ab4a4f885f0c2eed03b8254e2497f8e95d50001be65782a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19.014444Z","signature_b64":"ycixdgimEuQsBPvVvUdWt1i8u8izdIVD7gmpdMucAEBKMlqRFj787s2Gk24X8F7wox5gw/w/eduy4OwzHXu3BQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4442756f462101bd5ab4a4f885f0c2eed03b8254e2497f8e95d50001be65782a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19.013987Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19.013987Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2001.08003","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"l3l6SP2+58XUZFW5SrOG0ZLJ2CCeBnZbBDCnJ2p/sNsu8bfpPlk6s58QRgBekxj124OXlarSitAGYa2nWD4NCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T00:58:04.457001Z"},"content_sha256":"94894557b61b993cc52c4a3ca63691aa2a2ba9707f0358a5416ed21ecefcc8c8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:94894557b61b993cc52c4a3ca63691aa2a2ba9707f0358a5416ed21ecefcc8c8"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Measuring the Input Rank in Global Supply Networks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["q-fin.EC"],"primary_cat":"econ.GN","authors_text":"Armando Rungi, Kenan Huremovic, Loredana Fattorini","submitted_at":"2020-01-22T13:25:18Z","abstract_excerpt":"We introduce the Input Rank as a measure of relevance of direct and indirect suppliers in Global Value Chains. We conceive an intermediate input to be more relevant for a downstream buyer if a decrease in that input's productivity affects that buyer more. In particular, in our framework, the relevance of any input depends: i) on the network position of the supplier relative to the buyer, ii) the patterns of intermediate inputs vs labor intensities connecting the buyer and the supplier, iii) and the competitive pressures along supply chains. After we compute the Input Rank from both U.S. and wo"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2001.08003","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2001.08003/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"R75MmWTvsZ6rD80u3l5ulUaJSClddyW4UUE8boh9z2+2wJsUQ1VFew5cOXWMxVRi347E+iaTMgoyjyh0RgESDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T00:58:04.457513Z"},"content_sha256":"d7d4466cb9bb5877ea17d9e138046a2f99ccce85631e87e03faeefb05ac6cb78","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d7d4466cb9bb5877ea17d9e138046a2f99ccce85631e87e03faeefb05ac6cb78"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-23T00:58:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:IRBHK32GEEA32WVUUT4IL4GC53","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1e8da0abecca870fc875450a64345a8dbd5915f6db800f08cc2faf4e6cc498a8","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2020-01-22T13:25:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"b8a523928242b723e1b46069c9d079adbe843c448eb9c32f192803fdf3bc5cc1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2001.08003","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2001.08003","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2001.08003v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2001.08003","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IRBHK32GEEA3","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IRBHK32GEEA32WVU","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IRBHK32G","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d7d4466cb9bb5877ea17d9e138046a2f99ccce85631e87e03faeefb05ac6cb78","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2001.08003/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We introduce the Input Rank as a measure of relevance of direct and indirect suppliers in Global Value Chains. We conceive an intermediate input to be more relevant for a downstream buyer if a decrease in that input's productivity affects that buyer more. In particular, in our framework, the relevance of any input depends: i) on the network position of the supplier relative to the buyer, ii) the patterns of intermediate inputs vs labor intensities connecting the buyer and the supplier, iii) and the competitive pressures along supply chains. After we compute the Input Rank from both U.S. and wo","authors_text":"Armando Rungi, Kenan Huremovic, Loredana Fattorini","cross_cats":["q-fin.EC"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2020-01-22T13:25:18Z","title":"Measuring the Input Rank in Global Supply Networks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2001.08003","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:94894557b61b993cc52c4a3ca63691aa2a2ba9707f0358a5416ed21ecefcc8c8","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1e8da0abecca870fc875450a64345a8dbd5915f6db800f08cc2faf4e6cc498a8","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2020-01-22T13:25:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"b8a523928242b723e1b46069c9d079adbe843c448eb9c32f192803fdf3bc5cc1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2001.08003","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"4442756f462101bd5ab4a4f885f0c2eed03b8254e2497f8e95d50001be65782a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4442756f462101bd5ab4a4f885f0c2eed03b8254e2497f8e95d50001be65782a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19.013987Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19.013987Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ycixdgimEuQsBPvVvUdWt1i8u8izdIVD7gmpdMucAEBKMlqRFj787s2Gk24X8F7wox5gw/w/eduy4OwzHXu3BQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:33:19.014444Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2001.08003","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:94894557b61b993cc52c4a3ca63691aa2a2ba9707f0358a5416ed21ecefcc8c8","sha256:d7d4466cb9bb5877ea17d9e138046a2f99ccce85631e87e03faeefb05ac6cb78"],"state_sha256":"c033e8fb68f74cdd360cfdfbf3222f16cd9ea02e59eff760a974cd50d2a8cef0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pKNfYWkYK1sgjCgD+IQN+d7X3/iB/yytvEizsVe1JDcj0pKNEoIeAK1niKQs2XkERBwego/YXhQueRCEadPABw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T00:58:04.463751Z","bundle_sha256":"7551aae48bf017e9e447a70b2ad2c8fd3014976e068586290034abd351a9d6f8"}}