{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2015:ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5","short_pith_number":"pith:ITO2HAS5","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"44dda3825d070970f3eed7e3a8beb19f5aef8ccf4e44510213f88fc3e7df3f0d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1512.07925","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Super-Earth Atmospheres: Self-Consistent Gas Accretion and Retention","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Hilke E. Schlichting, Re'em Sari, Sivan Ginzburg","submitted_at":"2015-12-24T22:07:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"Some recently discovered short-period Earth to Neptune sized exoplanets (super Earths) have low observed mean densities which can only be explained by voluminous gaseous atmospheres. Here, we study the conditions allowing the accretion and retention of such atmospheres. We self-consistently couple the nebular gas accretion onto rocky cores and the subsequent evolution of gas envelopes following the dispersal of the protoplanetary disk. Specifically, we address mass-loss due to both photo-evaporation and cooling of the planet. We find that planets shed their outer layers (dozens of percents in "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1512.07925","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2015-12-24T22:07:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a56e19f2c87a999c7ca2d7fc06e2b81edce3a1ac74809af2f3ecf3c73abe4f1a","abstract_canon_sha256":"1d2d49d6f0441238eae044c910271e84fe521d7a78f0b5f2ac3d173e137d50b0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:31.830507Z","signature_b64":"utowtrNOJSguOODdNubTWOtpJNs9RcsfHSxHVWLzOWg0BW5EKtMZUsopKuDCVz/S5sAMoeBgiLSdICoFpR/pDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"44dda3825d070970f3eed7e3a8beb19f5aef8ccf4e44510213f88fc3e7df3f0d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:31.830142Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:31.830142Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Super-Earth Atmospheres: Self-Consistent Gas Accretion and Retention","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Hilke E. Schlichting, Re'em Sari, Sivan Ginzburg","submitted_at":"2015-12-24T22:07:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"Some recently discovered short-period Earth to Neptune sized exoplanets (super Earths) have low observed mean densities which can only be explained by voluminous gaseous atmospheres. Here, we study the conditions allowing the accretion and retention of such atmospheres. We self-consistently couple the nebular gas accretion onto rocky cores and the subsequent evolution of gas envelopes following the dispersal of the protoplanetary disk. Specifically, we address mass-loss due to both photo-evaporation and cooling of the planet. We find that planets shed their outer layers (dozens of percents in "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1512.07925","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1512.07925","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:31.830203+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1512.07925v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:31.830203+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1512.07925","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:31.830203+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ITO2HAS5A4EX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25.134429+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25.134429+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ITO2HAS5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25.134429+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5","json":"https://pith.science/pith/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/ITO2HAS5"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/ITO2HAS5","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1512.07925&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/ITO2HAS5A4EXB47O27R2RPVRT5/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:31.830203+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:31.830203+00:00"}