{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4","short_pith_number":"pith:IUL6OW2R","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.09994","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2018-10-23T17:56:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex","hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"fef7904cab082e6122a48fe8650982ebc31726d911d15446215757808b7ba6fe","abstract_canon_sha256":"74eb35a83fe6ace9b7a54baf38d4b43c5d5d8b88c1e978080e9eb15f74627eaa"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4517e75b51d02318c332a26ea30792173171066594f35ce98df882ad90ca4cea","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1810.09994","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.09994","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.09994v3","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.09994","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IUL6OW2R2ARR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IUL6OW2R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.09994","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2018-10-23T17:56:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex","hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"fef7904cab082e6122a48fe8650982ebc31726d911d15446215757808b7ba6fe","abstract_canon_sha256":"74eb35a83fe6ace9b7a54baf38d4b43c5d5d8b88c1e978080e9eb15f74627eaa"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4517e75b51d02318c332a26ea30792173171066594f35ce98df882ad90ca4cea","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17.855231Z","signature_b64":"Q523r15Fn5QInHmPf4HKdHy3KrV4ogPrIom0Ypoct2TGCqN4/CIdKKBi5rREJFw/j6+F0AbA3/DVskpONhSAAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4517e75b51d02318c332a26ea30792173171066594f35ce98df882ad90ca4cea","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17.854421Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17.854421Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1810.09994","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"n0LfHcl+SuYAUa+CoBKrB05UsaPuObgl+B8Qo/PcIy4lvNzPX191E+WWVTAeiOuDbNKJa+NcyVeBwjoNGbqvDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T03:40:47.303118Z"},"content_sha256":"3fe3c10007ab02d451281fc94a4883b93217ff957bcdc843cb92c685b625ccc9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3fe3c10007ab02d451281fc94a4883b93217ff957bcdc843cb92c685b625ccc9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND): Science and Design","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ex","hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"1), 10), (10) Ohio State U., (11) SUBATECH, (12) LPC2E, 13), (13) Station Radioastronomy, (14) Paris, (15) Nijmegen U., 16), (16) NIKHEF, (17) Vrije U., 18), (18) KIT, (19) Stanford U., 20), (20) Maryland U., (21) Stockholm U., 22), (22) Stockholm U., (23) APC, 24), (24) Beijing, 25), (25) NAOC, (26) Xinjiang U., 27, (27) Penn State U., 28, 28), (28) Penn State U., 29), (29) Kyoto U., (2) Sao Paulo U., 3, (30) LUTH, (31) Clermont-Ferrand U., (32) European Southern Observ., (33) Shandong U., (34) U. Delaware, (35) IRFU, (36) Meudon Observ., (37) La Plata U., 38), (38) CONICET, (39) CAS, (3) Oxford U., 4), (40) LESIA, (41) Peking U., 42), (42) Peking U., (43) Victoria U., (4) U. Oxford, (5) KIT, (6) Paris U., (7) Bohr Inst., 8, 8), (8) DARK Cosmology Ctr., 9, (9) Copenhagen U., Amsterdam, Andreas Zech (30), Anne Zilles (14) ((1) Santiago de Compostela U., Astron. Astrophys., Astrophys. Dept., Aswathi Balagopal V. (5), Bartol Res. Inst., Beijing, Bo Qin (25), Brussels, B. Theodore Zhang (41, Buenos Aires, CCAPP, Chad Finley (21, Charles Timmermans (15, Claire Gu\\'epin (14), College Park, Cyril Tasse (36), Dept. Phys., Didier Charrier (11), Duan Ran (25), EKP, Fabian Sch\\\"ussler (35), Fabrice Mottez (29), Foteini Oikonomou (32, Frank G. Schr\\\"oder (34, GRAND Collaboration: Jaime Alvarez-Muniz (1), Guo-Liang Lu (26), Hongbo Hu (24), IGFAE, IKP, IMAPP, Inst. Astrophys., Inst. High Energy Phys., Ismael Cognard (12, Jean-Philippe Lenain (6), Jianli Zhang (25), Jinan, Julien Bolmont (6), Junhua Gu (25), Karlsruhe, Ke Fang (19, KIAA, Kohta Murase (27, Krijn D. De Vries (17), Kumiko Kotera (14), Kyoto, Markus Roth (18), Matias Tueros (37, Mauricio Bustamante (7, Meudon, Miguel Mostaf\\'a (27, Nancay, Nantes, Newark, Nicolas Renault-Tinacci (14), OKC, Olivier Martineau-Huynh (6), Orleans, Paris, Peter B. Denton (7, Philippe Zarka (40, Phys. Dept., Qian Zheng (43, QuanBu Gou (24), Rafael Alves Batista (2, Ralph Engel (18), Saclay, Sandra Le Coz (25), Shanghai, SHAO, Sijbrand J. De Jong (15, Stefano Gabici (23), Tanguy Pierog (18), University Park, Valentin Decoene (14), Valentin Niess (31), VI-VII, Washington R. Carvalho (2, Wellington), Xiangli Qian (33), Xiangping Wu (39, Yan Huang (25), Yi Zhang (24), Yukawa Inst.","submitted_at":"2018-10-23T17:56:18Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic particles, with energies exceeding 10^8 GeV. Its goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic rays. To do this, GRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched sensitivity. GRAND will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the atmosphere. Its design is modula"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.09994","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BZ8VIe29hV1pLv0NTWzmRePjQzwelFGlk0Owqsif+exlFQ5F7kZf95U0C3CO8edTsBpnNEbQCQecUEKv1RZuBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T03:40:47.303513Z"},"content_sha256":"7feec71b3cfeb5c115a737cc34e6da28fb58da9b2cba76f09d87950d76b60f5a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7feec71b3cfeb5c115a737cc34e6da28fb58da9b2cba76f09d87950d76b60f5a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T03:40:47Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZSUJXKGB4SC4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"74eb35a83fe6ace9b7a54baf38d4b43c5d5d8b88c1e978080e9eb15f74627eaa","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex","hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2018-10-23T17:56:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"fef7904cab082e6122a48fe8650982ebc31726d911d15446215757808b7ba6fe"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1810.09994","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.09994","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.09994v3","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.09994","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IUL6OW2R2ARR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IUL6OW2R2ARRRQZS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IUL6OW2R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7feec71b3cfeb5c115a737cc34e6da28fb58da9b2cba76f09d87950d76b60f5a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic particles, with energies exceeding 10^8 GeV. Its goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic rays. To do this, GRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched sensitivity. GRAND will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the atmosphere. Its design is modula","authors_text":"1), 10), (10) Ohio State U., (11) SUBATECH, (12) LPC2E, 13), (13) Station Radioastronomy, (14) Paris, (15) Nijmegen U., 16), (16) NIKHEF, (17) Vrije U., 18), (18) KIT, (19) Stanford U., 20), (20) Maryland U., (21) Stockholm U., 22), (22) Stockholm U., (23) APC, 24), (24) Beijing, 25), (25) NAOC, (26) Xinjiang U., 27, (27) Penn State U., 28, 28), (28) Penn State U., 29), (29) Kyoto U., (2) Sao Paulo U., 3, (30) LUTH, (31) Clermont-Ferrand U., (32) European Southern Observ., (33) Shandong U., (34) U. Delaware, (35) IRFU, (36) Meudon Observ., (37) La Plata U., 38), (38) CONICET, (39) CAS, (3) Oxford U., 4), (40) LESIA, (41) Peking U., 42), (42) Peking U., (43) Victoria U., (4) U. Oxford, (5) KIT, (6) Paris U., (7) Bohr Inst., 8, 8), (8) DARK Cosmology Ctr., 9, (9) Copenhagen U., Amsterdam, Andreas Zech (30), Anne Zilles (14) ((1) Santiago de Compostela U., Astron. Astrophys., Astrophys. Dept., Aswathi Balagopal V. (5), Bartol Res. Inst., Beijing, Bo Qin (25), Brussels, B. Theodore Zhang (41, Buenos Aires, CCAPP, Chad Finley (21, Charles Timmermans (15, Claire Gu\\'epin (14), College Park, Cyril Tasse (36), Dept. Phys., Didier Charrier (11), Duan Ran (25), EKP, Fabian Sch\\\"ussler (35), Fabrice Mottez (29), Foteini Oikonomou (32, Frank G. Schr\\\"oder (34, GRAND Collaboration: Jaime Alvarez-Muniz (1), Guo-Liang Lu (26), Hongbo Hu (24), IGFAE, IKP, IMAPP, Inst. Astrophys., Inst. High Energy Phys., Ismael Cognard (12, Jean-Philippe Lenain (6), Jianli Zhang (25), Jinan, Julien Bolmont (6), Junhua Gu (25), Karlsruhe, Ke Fang (19, KIAA, Kohta Murase (27, Krijn D. De Vries (17), Kumiko Kotera (14), Kyoto, Markus Roth (18), Matias Tueros (37, Mauricio Bustamante (7, Meudon, Miguel Mostaf\\'a (27, Nancay, Nantes, Newark, Nicolas Renault-Tinacci (14), OKC, Olivier Martineau-Huynh (6), Orleans, Paris, Peter B. Denton (7, Philippe Zarka (40, Phys. Dept., Qian Zheng (43, QuanBu Gou (24), Rafael Alves Batista (2, Ralph Engel (18), Saclay, Sandra Le Coz (25), Shanghai, SHAO, Sijbrand J. De Jong (15, Stefano Gabici (23), Tanguy Pierog (18), University Park, Valentin Decoene (14), Valentin Niess (31), VI-VII, Washington R. Carvalho (2, Wellington), Xiangli Qian (33), Xiangping Wu (39, Yan Huang (25), Yi Zhang (24), Yukawa Inst.","cross_cats":["hep-ex","hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2018-10-23T17:56:18Z","title":"The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND): Science and Design"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.09994","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3fe3c10007ab02d451281fc94a4883b93217ff957bcdc843cb92c685b625ccc9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"74eb35a83fe6ace9b7a54baf38d4b43c5d5d8b88c1e978080e9eb15f74627eaa","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex","hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2018-10-23T17:56:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"fef7904cab082e6122a48fe8650982ebc31726d911d15446215757808b7ba6fe"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1810.09994","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"4517e75b51d02318c332a26ea30792173171066594f35ce98df882ad90ca4cea","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4517e75b51d02318c332a26ea30792173171066594f35ce98df882ad90ca4cea","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17.854421Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17.854421Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Q523r15Fn5QInHmPf4HKdHy3KrV4ogPrIom0Ypoct2TGCqN4/CIdKKBi5rREJFw/j6+F0AbA3/DVskpONhSAAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:40:17.855231Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1810.09994","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3fe3c10007ab02d451281fc94a4883b93217ff957bcdc843cb92c685b625ccc9","sha256:7feec71b3cfeb5c115a737cc34e6da28fb58da9b2cba76f09d87950d76b60f5a"],"state_sha256":"803f0b5bd18b07fcfbf5c8f71433930bc8af6db9594db6ca2308b9d6caed41f6"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ul3NHIJf7EAPidV7sGlGKubt9bcicsGwTa9WDfF5mi+jXCP1sz6nlJ7uLsLb4GlVJAavy9sN8ty8ByZApb0wAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T03:40:47.305903Z","bundle_sha256":"b93f010ebab8376c453ea6a1129ce1c8e506fc40538f44725bb8352b53304c34"}}