{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG","short_pith_number":"pith:IX3TZZ4A","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1012.5587","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-12-27T10:31:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b39dab42eeb0588e24c3de9ce8d6c7856ded4c9274a6fb790dab771ad50fd2f8","abstract_canon_sha256":"215a95ab7fb7bd36a28d0857783ed29ea3f4d05d660fb24b25aff7afe1bf8585"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"45f73ce78093bccccb00d1e4190500799f790d150d00578a5ad35fcf31f52695","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1012.5587","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1012.5587","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1012.5587v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1012.5587","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IX3TZZ4ASO6M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IX3TZZ4A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1012.5587","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-12-27T10:31:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b39dab42eeb0588e24c3de9ce8d6c7856ded4c9274a6fb790dab771ad50fd2f8","abstract_canon_sha256":"215a95ab7fb7bd36a28d0857783ed29ea3f4d05d660fb24b25aff7afe1bf8585"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"45f73ce78093bccccb00d1e4190500799f790d150d00578a5ad35fcf31f52695","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17.492563Z","signature_b64":"2RYb3h16+pzI/fS2FCMo5ITsJbnyldRLHYAlqHuBKfXS+0u38x6n2rQSN6dqmHhv7mbpwChGGDS0k7y20F00Cg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"45f73ce78093bccccb00d1e4190500799f790d150d00578a5ad35fcf31f52695","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17.491914Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17.491914Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1012.5587","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TYigMSSdLgOl0nf6b8isnkdIgAYjIF8MUH5jPLSfkaFtgLTnJ8qkrOMPl4f7Yg+YJEfvgfYbg1Kv/f64YGlnCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T08:49:14.575599Z"},"content_sha256":"14e85ced73067e04bd29a1bd169f9e0f17dfffa82890270ffef00bbf29247b73","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:14e85ced73067e04bd29a1bd169f9e0f17dfffa82890270ffef00bbf29247b73"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The [alpha/Fe] Ratios in Dwarf Galaxies: Evidence for a Non-universal Stellar Initial Mass Function?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Francesco Calura, Pavel Kroupa, Simone Recchi","submitted_at":"2010-12-27T10:31:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"It is well established that the [alpha/Fe] ratios in elliptical galaxies increase with galaxy mass. This relation holds also for early-type dwarf galaxies, although it seems to steepen at low masses. The [alpha/Fe] vs. mass relation can be explained assuming that smaller galaxies form over longer timescales (downsizing), allowing a larger amount of Fe (mostly produced by long-living Type Ia Supernovae) to be released and incorporated into newly forming stars. Another way to obtain the same result is by using a flatter initial mass function (IMF) in large galaxies, increasing in this way the nu"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1012.5587","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RKK2a4VLZmOXaOnpIGhMFg4D72aYVQsQD/qWBjfjjDVWqiIC9MFanw6/1eL0i3Ybfv2iKxWHhONPIhmoJbGtBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T08:49:14.575952Z"},"content_sha256":"51a56f68d061d8aed1a4748a1764b3ab5f886b72aaf452e06bcc0601c2883945","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:51a56f68d061d8aed1a4748a1764b3ab5f886b72aaf452e06bcc0601c2883945"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T08:49:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA2HSBSBIAPG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"215a95ab7fb7bd36a28d0857783ed29ea3f4d05d660fb24b25aff7afe1bf8585","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-12-27T10:31:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"b39dab42eeb0588e24c3de9ce8d6c7856ded4c9274a6fb790dab771ad50fd2f8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1012.5587","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1012.5587","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1012.5587v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1012.5587","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IX3TZZ4ASO6M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IX3TZZ4ASO6MZSYA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IX3TZZ4A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:51a56f68d061d8aed1a4748a1764b3ab5f886b72aaf452e06bcc0601c2883945","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"It is well established that the [alpha/Fe] ratios in elliptical galaxies increase with galaxy mass. This relation holds also for early-type dwarf galaxies, although it seems to steepen at low masses. The [alpha/Fe] vs. mass relation can be explained assuming that smaller galaxies form over longer timescales (downsizing), allowing a larger amount of Fe (mostly produced by long-living Type Ia Supernovae) to be released and incorporated into newly forming stars. Another way to obtain the same result is by using a flatter initial mass function (IMF) in large galaxies, increasing in this way the nu","authors_text":"Francesco Calura, Pavel Kroupa, Simone Recchi","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-12-27T10:31:03Z","title":"The [alpha/Fe] Ratios in Dwarf Galaxies: Evidence for a Non-universal Stellar Initial Mass Function?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1012.5587","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:14e85ced73067e04bd29a1bd169f9e0f17dfffa82890270ffef00bbf29247b73","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"215a95ab7fb7bd36a28d0857783ed29ea3f4d05d660fb24b25aff7afe1bf8585","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-12-27T10:31:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"b39dab42eeb0588e24c3de9ce8d6c7856ded4c9274a6fb790dab771ad50fd2f8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1012.5587","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"45f73ce78093bccccb00d1e4190500799f790d150d00578a5ad35fcf31f52695","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"45f73ce78093bccccb00d1e4190500799f790d150d00578a5ad35fcf31f52695","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17.491914Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17.491914Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"2RYb3h16+pzI/fS2FCMo5ITsJbnyldRLHYAlqHuBKfXS+0u38x6n2rQSN6dqmHhv7mbpwChGGDS0k7y20F00Cg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:17.492563Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1012.5587","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:14e85ced73067e04bd29a1bd169f9e0f17dfffa82890270ffef00bbf29247b73","sha256:51a56f68d061d8aed1a4748a1764b3ab5f886b72aaf452e06bcc0601c2883945"],"state_sha256":"c8a44e244697f7745308520e433fb70fd17dc1252a6b169ce990ea6132aca2e5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fBDPlSA8Wn01Zgnkm8AoYWnDflicZ4FP6F5sReaR7Eoe2wKHo5vYdBjufsIsAyz5r9CJU2Mvk/Z9FZgqoWuLCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T08:49:14.577906Z","bundle_sha256":"80ae8dcb67c4770809935cae05428fc5f014a9beb2293f777356050c89104085"}}