{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN","short_pith_number":"pith:IYLGLJYM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2306.14817","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2023-06-26T16:22:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"bea5957bae686778461e9117a4bafe03425eda2d755578b083f94800b71d93c0","abstract_canon_sha256":"590c3a86b170fb6f05bbfa77aaa4a349eae828fee46e4e1fe88728710fd56814"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"461665a70c9be4d1b413b2ba41f7ccb34326460b947845baa0fe1e6a1f34baf7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2306.14817","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2306.14817","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2306.14817v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2306.14817","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IYLGLJYMTPSN","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IYLGLJYMTPSNDNAT","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IYLGLJYM","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2306.14817","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2023-06-26T16:22:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"bea5957bae686778461e9117a4bafe03425eda2d755578b083f94800b71d93c0","abstract_canon_sha256":"590c3a86b170fb6f05bbfa77aaa4a349eae828fee46e4e1fe88728710fd56814"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"461665a70c9be4d1b413b2ba41f7ccb34326460b947845baa0fe1e6a1f34baf7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54.736190Z","signature_b64":"lDD51Gji7mIzeBBIyq3tAtsCT0//DK78piWKqKCTXp+mPyyagGMFpCPRukTJEKQ10ve/dHNgX7ygoUIq/MSoDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"461665a70c9be4d1b413b2ba41f7ccb34326460b947845baa0fe1e6a1f34baf7","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54.735701Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54.735701Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2306.14817","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KHdQ0BEzZqZYXmjYfJirG+EukBnYZBtNMOvB+3FRyO7QvQjaxTjp9thTXhdiPKa/inl2TAekFqmhuKq/wNn8Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T05:44:14.370079Z"},"content_sha256":"67da44410c92be6b3fe8d3d314e79d45c14390c32a157bacc390eec6123966d3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:67da44410c92be6b3fe8d3d314e79d45c14390c32a157bacc390eec6123966d3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Black holes and the loss landscape in machine learning","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Pranav Kumar, Swapnamay Mondal, Taniya Mandal","submitted_at":"2023-06-26T16:22:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"Understanding the loss landscape is an important problem in machine learning. One key feature of the loss function, common to many neural network architectures, is the presence of exponentially many low lying local minima. Physical systems with similar energy landscapes may provide useful insights. In this work, we point out that black holes naturally give rise to such landscapes, owing to the existence of black hole entropy. For definiteness, we consider 1/8 BPS black holes in $\\mathcal{N} = 8$ string theory. These provide an infinite family of potential landscapes arising in the microscopic "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2306.14817","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2306.14817/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sy2G7E2o2BxMcY519ohvGPYozpyQt9jyrqMom/6U0+/fQqz5cnVEUg34wALWdEttheenYjxCUauBy1Yy+jeFAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T05:44:14.370596Z"},"content_sha256":"802eed0c8bf259c9cc7d87f428cca56237a6ed881cde5a8893bb8cbab2152429","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:802eed0c8bf259c9cc7d87f428cca56237a6ed881cde5a8893bb8cbab2152429"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T05:44:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:IYLGLJYMTPSNDNATWK5ED56MWN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"590c3a86b170fb6f05bbfa77aaa4a349eae828fee46e4e1fe88728710fd56814","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2023-06-26T16:22:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"bea5957bae686778461e9117a4bafe03425eda2d755578b083f94800b71d93c0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2306.14817","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2306.14817","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2306.14817v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2306.14817","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IYLGLJYMTPSN","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IYLGLJYMTPSNDNAT","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IYLGLJYM","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:802eed0c8bf259c9cc7d87f428cca56237a6ed881cde5a8893bb8cbab2152429","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2306.14817/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Understanding the loss landscape is an important problem in machine learning. One key feature of the loss function, common to many neural network architectures, is the presence of exponentially many low lying local minima. Physical systems with similar energy landscapes may provide useful insights. In this work, we point out that black holes naturally give rise to such landscapes, owing to the existence of black hole entropy. For definiteness, we consider 1/8 BPS black holes in $\\mathcal{N} = 8$ string theory. These provide an infinite family of potential landscapes arising in the microscopic ","authors_text":"Pranav Kumar, Swapnamay Mondal, Taniya Mandal","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2023-06-26T16:22:33Z","title":"Black holes and the loss landscape in machine learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2306.14817","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:67da44410c92be6b3fe8d3d314e79d45c14390c32a157bacc390eec6123966d3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"590c3a86b170fb6f05bbfa77aaa4a349eae828fee46e4e1fe88728710fd56814","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2023-06-26T16:22:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"bea5957bae686778461e9117a4bafe03425eda2d755578b083f94800b71d93c0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2306.14817","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"461665a70c9be4d1b413b2ba41f7ccb34326460b947845baa0fe1e6a1f34baf7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"461665a70c9be4d1b413b2ba41f7ccb34326460b947845baa0fe1e6a1f34baf7","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54.735701Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54.735701Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lDD51Gji7mIzeBBIyq3tAtsCT0//DK78piWKqKCTXp+mPyyagGMFpCPRukTJEKQ10ve/dHNgX7ygoUIq/MSoDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:14:54.736190Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2306.14817","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:67da44410c92be6b3fe8d3d314e79d45c14390c32a157bacc390eec6123966d3","sha256:802eed0c8bf259c9cc7d87f428cca56237a6ed881cde5a8893bb8cbab2152429"],"state_sha256":"ede465f799cd10531a7581de98093fe6d415054ccb7c1e67f3b5f1cb394b053b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Qf3xUalRuL/yVtF/c56Up9B+61v/13Xd+CSY5w87YrHSsQaiS7ndwmHyQHp8s0u4MZL6ayfjLseHTTTgSnvjDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T05:44:14.374220Z","bundle_sha256":"6651a214b77c3f96113f3354bae9c3d2076368cd6e4f8d38f2d317e0285844d4"}}