{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH","short_pith_number":"pith:IZG2CXAY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.13305","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2022-11-23T21:16:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"0f98a4474815ecc98b2828df8b6ff554614b5a761c129960fe9970a8be3a2b52","abstract_canon_sha256":"e86ec7e14d834793e7c274d17972027262e7b10273954e6a2c7db1330b4e713b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"464da15c18824a174963c80de8a13341dabf9e867ab2010127228b7b43631541","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2211.13305","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.13305","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.13305v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.13305","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IZG2CXAYQJFB","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLD","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IZG2CXAY","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.13305","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2022-11-23T21:16:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"0f98a4474815ecc98b2828df8b6ff554614b5a761c129960fe9970a8be3a2b52","abstract_canon_sha256":"e86ec7e14d834793e7c274d17972027262e7b10273954e6a2c7db1330b4e713b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"464da15c18824a174963c80de8a13341dabf9e867ab2010127228b7b43631541","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54.473631Z","signature_b64":"jaxrQzv9enFlbQyUNlDxG4xadHOuEWyVeDNlZpGuKKu+n/8/6PJ/WOTk0eUxtVChICTyBjx/ad+LWRawpQnkAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"464da15c18824a174963c80de8a13341dabf9e867ab2010127228b7b43631541","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54.473275Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54.473275Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2211.13305","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3zd8sNgRl7+Eb0+t7IMEX4eq9aNEFhkn4lNJCfgEcc5vV5fxK1g20nrpk8mp1EMz4zkpD3Na1zrENtmDysTpDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T18:39:26.392698Z"},"content_sha256":"cda9b26df795fc7918632691b51f8160e18265740aaa8772d34e78db9bb5f410","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cda9b26df795fc7918632691b51f8160e18265740aaa8772d34e78db9bb5f410"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Dual Graphs of Polyhedral Decompositions for the Detection of Adversarial Attacks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Christina M. Cole, Christopher Peterson, Emily J. King, Huma Jamil, Michael Kirby, Nathaniel Blanchard, Yajing Liu","submitted_at":"2022-11-23T21:16:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Previous work has shown that a neural network with the rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function leads to a convex polyhedral decomposition of the input space. These decompositions can be represented by a dual graph with vertices corresponding to polyhedra and edges corresponding to polyhedra sharing a facet, which is a subgraph of a Hamming graph. This paper illustrates how one can utilize the dual graph to detect and analyze adversarial attacks in the context of digital images. When an image passes through a network containing ReLU nodes, the firing or non-firing at a node can be enco"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.13305","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2211.13305/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tuYHYB2usxuTc6CF3JTlSc1/pkiRiPn/3zbxxAfazSpmKnuZAFnHFRJrwczTpEC0FT9ejFE7VqGm2PW345s7Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T18:39:26.393066Z"},"content_sha256":"049e910ed55c0f80437c27f26b4449fe8efc4b3dd0e27e26601004f14ac858ed","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:049e910ed55c0f80437c27f26b4449fe8efc4b3dd0e27e26601004f14ac858ed"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T18:39:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLDZAG6RIJTIH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e86ec7e14d834793e7c274d17972027262e7b10273954e6a2c7db1330b4e713b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2022-11-23T21:16:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"0f98a4474815ecc98b2828df8b6ff554614b5a761c129960fe9970a8be3a2b52"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2211.13305","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.13305","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.13305v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.13305","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IZG2CXAYQJFB","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IZG2CXAYQJFBOSLD","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IZG2CXAY","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:049e910ed55c0f80437c27f26b4449fe8efc4b3dd0e27e26601004f14ac858ed","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2211.13305/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Previous work has shown that a neural network with the rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function leads to a convex polyhedral decomposition of the input space. These decompositions can be represented by a dual graph with vertices corresponding to polyhedra and edges corresponding to polyhedra sharing a facet, which is a subgraph of a Hamming graph. This paper illustrates how one can utilize the dual graph to detect and analyze adversarial attacks in the context of digital images. When an image passes through a network containing ReLU nodes, the firing or non-firing at a node can be enco","authors_text":"Christina M. Cole, Christopher Peterson, Emily J. King, Huma Jamil, Michael Kirby, Nathaniel Blanchard, Yajing Liu","cross_cats":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2022-11-23T21:16:38Z","title":"Dual Graphs of Polyhedral Decompositions for the Detection of Adversarial Attacks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.13305","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cda9b26df795fc7918632691b51f8160e18265740aaa8772d34e78db9bb5f410","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e86ec7e14d834793e7c274d17972027262e7b10273954e6a2c7db1330b4e713b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2022-11-23T21:16:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"0f98a4474815ecc98b2828df8b6ff554614b5a761c129960fe9970a8be3a2b52"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2211.13305","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"464da15c18824a174963c80de8a13341dabf9e867ab2010127228b7b43631541","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"464da15c18824a174963c80de8a13341dabf9e867ab2010127228b7b43631541","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54.473275Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54.473275Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jaxrQzv9enFlbQyUNlDxG4xadHOuEWyVeDNlZpGuKKu+n/8/6PJ/WOTk0eUxtVChICTyBjx/ad+LWRawpQnkAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:21:54.473631Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2211.13305","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cda9b26df795fc7918632691b51f8160e18265740aaa8772d34e78db9bb5f410","sha256:049e910ed55c0f80437c27f26b4449fe8efc4b3dd0e27e26601004f14ac858ed"],"state_sha256":"60183ccb266be3f34e8c412aef270c80264f6926c6fbe8e947961b23a7b51e17"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zFJEXJ7A85yrMUAdPkQMSur/tY+t3P1N5ekdyVDH3yeb+QqV3Ir0HmiHCpMnONnn41R6V/HK5vU6wri1X+RAAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T18:39:26.395044Z","bundle_sha256":"318d56bcf5623c47b7482d00b2c04f043789dcc19444590f3b90145ad3722d82"}}