{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7","short_pith_number":"pith:IZL5NYHH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1201.4864","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T21:02:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d115c733a01cd932aeaa0a2aa89560dc2959f02b74fb759d7c1e62c0eb5c0ce2","abstract_canon_sha256":"c874522c31685444c74f6a26966983bda4a96416232a3ae15399ab7d7ba78934"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4657d6e0e74c5976072ad0722ac1dc5fcf61b58dbc7e52304d3608a2cc7dca5a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1201.4864","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1201.4864","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1201.4864v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1201.4864","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IZL5NYHHJRMX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IZL5NYHH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1201.4864","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T21:02:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d115c733a01cd932aeaa0a2aa89560dc2959f02b74fb759d7c1e62c0eb5c0ce2","abstract_canon_sha256":"c874522c31685444c74f6a26966983bda4a96416232a3ae15399ab7d7ba78934"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4657d6e0e74c5976072ad0722ac1dc5fcf61b58dbc7e52304d3608a2cc7dca5a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.124087Z","signature_b64":"HcMC2E9cwiBU9hSgUDYPsIl6TzjjV6U/BVm0SrHzw+cPMM7RGtVIzR6TlQ0hmJp6Dph8IGo0bnGgGP3arZt2BA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4657d6e0e74c5976072ad0722ac1dc5fcf61b58dbc7e52304d3608a2cc7dca5a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.123340Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.123340Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1201.4864","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jadrzug1zqn4gFf/e5AyEGAztopLhqLpiiDLpLYjbF7z8M1rL6XhE+76ZO2QDX1gQ8j7HCE4sXPeJEFqTvdbDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:40:03.252700Z"},"content_sha256":"c38c7b6b70ef2279b0c83cecdd68f64edd5072ef565c403ca2cbc142797d2fc3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c38c7b6b70ef2279b0c83cecdd68f64edd5072ef565c403ca2cbc142797d2fc3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Spikes in the SED and Ripples in the Outskirts of Galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Sukanya Chakrabarti","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T21:02:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"We describe a new method that allows us to quantitatively characterize galactic satellites from analysis of disturbances in outer gas disks, without requiring knowledge of their optical light. We have demonstrated the validity of this method, which we call Tidal Analysis, by applying it to local spirals with known optical companions, including M51 and NGC 1512. These galaxies span the range from having a low mass companion (~ one-hundredth the mass of the primary galaxy) to a fairly massive companion (~ one-third the mass of the primary galaxy). This approach has broad implications for many ar"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1201.4864","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9jy8s7K+JeatSbDKY49E0OGB1zTJ1jBvpmd2jCsGAWEAO5U9NImnWnPrTvqnllSGF6vxGSDYeuSrpWjrdWF9Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:40:03.253080Z"},"content_sha256":"945c25782d23c84bd1acb2556358a9b47008aefcb77d4490a7ffbcac92dec575","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:945c25782d23c84bd1acb2556358a9b47008aefcb77d4490a7ffbcac92dec575"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T15:40:03Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK2BZCVQO4L7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c874522c31685444c74f6a26966983bda4a96416232a3ae15399ab7d7ba78934","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T21:02:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"d115c733a01cd932aeaa0a2aa89560dc2959f02b74fb759d7c1e62c0eb5c0ce2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1201.4864","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1201.4864","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1201.4864v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1201.4864","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IZL5NYHHJRMX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IZL5NYHHJRMXMBZK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IZL5NYHH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:945c25782d23c84bd1acb2556358a9b47008aefcb77d4490a7ffbcac92dec575","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We describe a new method that allows us to quantitatively characterize galactic satellites from analysis of disturbances in outer gas disks, without requiring knowledge of their optical light. We have demonstrated the validity of this method, which we call Tidal Analysis, by applying it to local spirals with known optical companions, including M51 and NGC 1512. These galaxies span the range from having a low mass companion (~ one-hundredth the mass of the primary galaxy) to a fairly massive companion (~ one-third the mass of the primary galaxy). This approach has broad implications for many ar","authors_text":"Sukanya Chakrabarti","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T21:02:23Z","title":"Spikes in the SED and Ripples in the Outskirts of Galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1201.4864","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c38c7b6b70ef2279b0c83cecdd68f64edd5072ef565c403ca2cbc142797d2fc3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c874522c31685444c74f6a26966983bda4a96416232a3ae15399ab7d7ba78934","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T21:02:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"d115c733a01cd932aeaa0a2aa89560dc2959f02b74fb759d7c1e62c0eb5c0ce2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1201.4864","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4657d6e0e74c5976072ad0722ac1dc5fcf61b58dbc7e52304d3608a2cc7dca5a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4657d6e0e74c5976072ad0722ac1dc5fcf61b58dbc7e52304d3608a2cc7dca5a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.123340Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.123340Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HcMC2E9cwiBU9hSgUDYPsIl6TzjjV6U/BVm0SrHzw+cPMM7RGtVIzR6TlQ0hmJp6Dph8IGo0bnGgGP3arZt2BA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.124087Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1201.4864","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c38c7b6b70ef2279b0c83cecdd68f64edd5072ef565c403ca2cbc142797d2fc3","sha256:945c25782d23c84bd1acb2556358a9b47008aefcb77d4490a7ffbcac92dec575"],"state_sha256":"eb3ce5743495ea7ff2247934a390bc1135d4469a6f0d93140032d1cb46b6efde"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vispuKHMGNopnOb/p7hB10wVkBXynSSN/b1I+SpyllU0JF/qzjZ2cMZSePN2KTj2puyJ3Ms4mm4Stre68PX6Cg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:40:03.256696Z","bundle_sha256":"be9ed02d5d57bcd6eec904bf2ca4315e5873905af33d3b4eea52787e2394a51b"}}