{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR","short_pith_number":"pith:J3LD4RA3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2312.03096","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-12-05T19:29:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"title_canon_sha256":"7c88c152f84faf1fc0de0ca2ab6768c226c691b883d19229ce52d5d374d8db2f","abstract_canon_sha256":"107c0dcc390b002728e97570c86986e310c37bc9b363ac2b207a165242023388"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4ed63e441b72008eaf6210078424206c4726290f4c92e6ab55704ad7f5b48824","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2312.03096","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2312.03096","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2312.03096v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2312.03096","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J3LD4RA3OIAI","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3C","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J3LD4RA3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2312.03096","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-12-05T19:29:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"title_canon_sha256":"7c88c152f84faf1fc0de0ca2ab6768c226c691b883d19229ce52d5d374d8db2f","abstract_canon_sha256":"107c0dcc390b002728e97570c86986e310c37bc9b363ac2b207a165242023388"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4ed63e441b72008eaf6210078424206c4726290f4c92e6ab55704ad7f5b48824","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22.021295Z","signature_b64":"rUyuXWJc+YiimMkMkWY36wj7ZoXRvuHMCxxWsP4OGfwNFNNoNCkLmKcCl8IUvgavtctnmxCsOfKwdhuv0wyqAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4ed63e441b72008eaf6210078424206c4726290f4c92e6ab55704ad7f5b48824","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22.020887Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22.020887Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2312.03096","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0ZQ8zWvFnnhIpNG2BoUO4JKYx2o9EhqH2yLrXpWe7Oq40hBkEJuMfu64KnlgtLMPznRfKFwHoKF4p7FheOiuDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T18:32:57.033821Z"},"content_sha256":"9a8d19201c1f67896ec01976dbd24776b6621f4def3f85b5be6cde179a287668","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9a8d19201c1f67896ec01976dbd24776b6621f4def3f85b5be6cde179a287668"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"What Causes Polysemanticity? An Alternative Origin Story of Mixed Selectivity from Incidental Causes","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Kushal Thaman, Naomi Bashkansky, Rylan Schaeffer, Sanmi Koyejo, Trevor Chow, Victor Lecomte","submitted_at":"2023-12-05T19:29:54Z","abstract_excerpt":"Polysemantic neurons -- neurons that activate for a set of unrelated features -- have been seen as a significant obstacle towards interpretability of task-optimized deep networks, with implications for AI safety. The classic origin story of polysemanticity is that the data contains more ``features\" than neurons, such that learning to perform a task forces the network to co-allocate multiple unrelated features to the same neuron, endangering our ability to understand networks' internal processing. In this work, we present a second and non-mutually exclusive origin story of polysemanticity. We s"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2312.03096","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2312.03096/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5VrTdRuLeV8GBkDNquzbws6mc+OQr42AkEUSstL/Mr5SRdj5oQffiAt+Vy9LXw/MVxFJ5IdXW7l489/Z8NXABQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T18:32:57.034373Z"},"content_sha256":"019caae88434ce6b041fbfbc52f4ad8de420df4f97f3ed95d1abb6ec3d5eb041","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:019caae88434ce6b041fbfbc52f4ad8de420df4f97f3ed95d1abb6ec3d5eb041"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T18:32:57Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3CCADYIJBANR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"107c0dcc390b002728e97570c86986e310c37bc9b363ac2b207a165242023388","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-12-05T19:29:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"7c88c152f84faf1fc0de0ca2ab6768c226c691b883d19229ce52d5d374d8db2f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2312.03096","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2312.03096","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2312.03096v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2312.03096","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J3LD4RA3OIAI","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J3LD4RA3OIAI5L3C","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J3LD4RA3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:019caae88434ce6b041fbfbc52f4ad8de420df4f97f3ed95d1abb6ec3d5eb041","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2312.03096/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Polysemantic neurons -- neurons that activate for a set of unrelated features -- have been seen as a significant obstacle towards interpretability of task-optimized deep networks, with implications for AI safety. The classic origin story of polysemanticity is that the data contains more ``features\" than neurons, such that learning to perform a task forces the network to co-allocate multiple unrelated features to the same neuron, endangering our ability to understand networks' internal processing. In this work, we present a second and non-mutually exclusive origin story of polysemanticity. We s","authors_text":"Kushal Thaman, Naomi Bashkansky, Rylan Schaeffer, Sanmi Koyejo, Trevor Chow, Victor Lecomte","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-12-05T19:29:54Z","title":"What Causes Polysemanticity? An Alternative Origin Story of Mixed Selectivity from Incidental Causes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2312.03096","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9a8d19201c1f67896ec01976dbd24776b6621f4def3f85b5be6cde179a287668","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"107c0dcc390b002728e97570c86986e310c37bc9b363ac2b207a165242023388","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-12-05T19:29:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"7c88c152f84faf1fc0de0ca2ab6768c226c691b883d19229ce52d5d374d8db2f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2312.03096","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"4ed63e441b72008eaf6210078424206c4726290f4c92e6ab55704ad7f5b48824","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4ed63e441b72008eaf6210078424206c4726290f4c92e6ab55704ad7f5b48824","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22.020887Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22.020887Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"rUyuXWJc+YiimMkMkWY36wj7ZoXRvuHMCxxWsP4OGfwNFNNoNCkLmKcCl8IUvgavtctnmxCsOfKwdhuv0wyqAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:44:22.021295Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2312.03096","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9a8d19201c1f67896ec01976dbd24776b6621f4def3f85b5be6cde179a287668","sha256:019caae88434ce6b041fbfbc52f4ad8de420df4f97f3ed95d1abb6ec3d5eb041"],"state_sha256":"2d25e33f098e8dd3ee772c87f890155edb9d9799ddf0cb875f902e53603b6bb8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EPVvZT7DNAmHk8IWvqfj5e5KjodKBNlNSWyZ9Z5LOZsze9KfEJS5/B8NOjZoW0hg+cyQUOJA7HjYwbEBiUmaBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T18:32:57.038430Z","bundle_sha256":"92db1ac51ed6a49c81eed0a602a5276d2ce1bdee3d055f024b402b7b7b83bded"}}