{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E","short_pith_number":"pith:J3LEE6SF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2308.07198","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-08-14T15:07:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.PL"],"title_canon_sha256":"53c9e05f383e8df9ea9e781004c992fffb178189df0f4bcd0632afb91e3242cd","abstract_canon_sha256":"650878a6d91b0dbbc04332246067743a4d6d884b7d3573d12915980d86c15a34"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4ed6427a456999e06fb2919b557b89e93e01df31e993d510ee925bdbdb529923","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2308.07198","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2308.07198","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2308.07198v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2308.07198","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J3LEE6SFNGM6","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J3LEE6SFNGM6A35S","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J3LEE6SF","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2308.07198","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-08-14T15:07:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.PL"],"title_canon_sha256":"53c9e05f383e8df9ea9e781004c992fffb178189df0f4bcd0632afb91e3242cd","abstract_canon_sha256":"650878a6d91b0dbbc04332246067743a4d6d884b7d3573d12915980d86c15a34"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4ed6427a456999e06fb2919b557b89e93e01df31e993d510ee925bdbdb529923","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57.475940Z","signature_b64":"ltrkdVDpNnPSy04NjAQ3aLJSUK1uoi3CQy6tro+tbsvg73NDx07/P9dNunrHwe6Ouaae/TnsQyxof+V9gB+bCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4ed6427a456999e06fb2919b557b89e93e01df31e993d510ee925bdbdb529923","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57.475379Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57.475379Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2308.07198","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4uCr/XsDIOoIJDYTrD4AbluvCzaEDQghMtjTyCE+QYvXa4qYxdw2WudMq7VZrSNElfqiy+IVtLA2hGDT/hhTBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T01:30:46.797744Z"},"content_sha256":"ed75804361997ca3fcec30c9d3153c837e84b40ae570a6c46c1d30c89e504cd1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ed75804361997ca3fcec30c9d3153c837e84b40ae570a6c46c1d30c89e504cd1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Explaining Black-Box Models through Counterfactuals","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.PL"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Arie van Deursen, Cynthia C. S. Liem, Patrick Altmeyer","submitted_at":"2023-08-14T15:07:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present CounterfactualExplanations.jl: a package for generating Counterfactual Explanations (CE) and Algorithmic Recourse (AR) for black-box models in Julia. CE explain how inputs into a model need to change to yield specific model predictions. Explanations that involve realistic and actionable changes can be used to provide AR: a set of proposed actions for individuals to change an undesirable outcome for the better. In this article, we discuss the usefulness of CE for Explainable Artificial Intelligence and demonstrate the functionality of our package. The package is straightforward to us"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2308.07198","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2308.07198/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rPMaX9UF4lW5K9WckUwW5Q82Y+Sn8Jg08ZrYLq7vRxElYaeCtx7SZM35+9s8dvReQ/gGDaHJs0DOMlBNCALuCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T01:30:46.798618Z"},"content_sha256":"258ccd6d6671cb4e514363cc913a74dee9dac69552932e4ce767ade7fd32b0a5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:258ccd6d6671cb4e514363cc913a74dee9dac69552932e4ce767ade7fd32b0a5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T01:30:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:J3LEE6SFNGM6A35SSGNVK64J5E","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"650878a6d91b0dbbc04332246067743a4d6d884b7d3573d12915980d86c15a34","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.PL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-08-14T15:07:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"53c9e05f383e8df9ea9e781004c992fffb178189df0f4bcd0632afb91e3242cd"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2308.07198","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2308.07198","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2308.07198v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2308.07198","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J3LEE6SFNGM6","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J3LEE6SFNGM6A35S","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J3LEE6SF","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:258ccd6d6671cb4e514363cc913a74dee9dac69552932e4ce767ade7fd32b0a5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2308.07198/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present CounterfactualExplanations.jl: a package for generating Counterfactual Explanations (CE) and Algorithmic Recourse (AR) for black-box models in Julia. CE explain how inputs into a model need to change to yield specific model predictions. Explanations that involve realistic and actionable changes can be used to provide AR: a set of proposed actions for individuals to change an undesirable outcome for the better. In this article, we discuss the usefulness of CE for Explainable Artificial Intelligence and demonstrate the functionality of our package. The package is straightforward to us","authors_text":"Arie van Deursen, Cynthia C. S. Liem, Patrick Altmeyer","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.PL"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-08-14T15:07:05Z","title":"Explaining Black-Box Models through Counterfactuals"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2308.07198","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ed75804361997ca3fcec30c9d3153c837e84b40ae570a6c46c1d30c89e504cd1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"650878a6d91b0dbbc04332246067743a4d6d884b7d3573d12915980d86c15a34","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.PL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-08-14T15:07:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"53c9e05f383e8df9ea9e781004c992fffb178189df0f4bcd0632afb91e3242cd"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2308.07198","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4ed6427a456999e06fb2919b557b89e93e01df31e993d510ee925bdbdb529923","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4ed6427a456999e06fb2919b557b89e93e01df31e993d510ee925bdbdb529923","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57.475379Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57.475379Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ltrkdVDpNnPSy04NjAQ3aLJSUK1uoi3CQy6tro+tbsvg73NDx07/P9dNunrHwe6Ouaae/TnsQyxof+V9gB+bCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:40:57.475940Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2308.07198","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ed75804361997ca3fcec30c9d3153c837e84b40ae570a6c46c1d30c89e504cd1","sha256:258ccd6d6671cb4e514363cc913a74dee9dac69552932e4ce767ade7fd32b0a5"],"state_sha256":"750a89feb7c348924425c67ec3d41838a61c77512750fbd00bf503a7e0341041"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FfKOt/JUEegonZRtH8SEmgMjQjlIRVgr7MX7FY+rqdanhQOBpLSE62zcgHVlJg0W7zcHyaAMQJuYGem1WubiAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T01:30:46.804082Z","bundle_sha256":"e1bc3ce97f58015e7e9384a7bcc712d0dbc08beec8246110a3b198d0436574c5"}}