{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB","short_pith_number":"pith:J3TSC5V2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2202.11830","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2022-02-23T23:53:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ins-det"],"title_canon_sha256":"759b8801bcece8df46a13fafff6470ad15799fe3f6a0ae0b2eb61e2bd68e6d5b","abstract_canon_sha256":"00a618b058a340485833145dfe2a06af43c2743d335eaf7bbe5f149e8fc2f908"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4ee72176baae246c7eeef452a1e7c78063ccdbcabe889d290bb50fc62403bef0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2202.11830","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2202.11830","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2202.11830v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2202.11830","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J3TSC5V2VYSG","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J3TSC5V2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2202.11830","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2022-02-23T23:53:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ins-det"],"title_canon_sha256":"759b8801bcece8df46a13fafff6470ad15799fe3f6a0ae0b2eb61e2bd68e6d5b","abstract_canon_sha256":"00a618b058a340485833145dfe2a06af43c2743d335eaf7bbe5f149e8fc2f908"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4ee72176baae246c7eeef452a1e7c78063ccdbcabe889d290bb50fc62403bef0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12.920975Z","signature_b64":"QPCAo9/IxunjqksjoTTQi3KIESSiqoiuGxtDtqBJqaIrrv+x0mpmrG0gTuc9l+eaZNwANUf2EoGzndvQ2ZPPCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4ee72176baae246c7eeef452a1e7c78063ccdbcabe889d290bb50fc62403bef0","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12.920485Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12.920485Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2202.11830","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"miDztjCtXOfijz1gKkvIeUVvZN0fLlLNUekXjdVTL1kisfOTryfatu3e9ZWWm+ec3ggJkRqKWZeyAvw0do7lDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T21:44:26.774449Z"},"content_sha256":"d3ecd0f2da2213ce6c5ec93df0f65fe2a1ac1278f1455b80e4ba089f63a7a697","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d3ecd0f2da2213ce6c5ec93df0f65fe2a1ac1278f1455b80e4ba089f63a7a697"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Feedback Lock-in: A versatile multi-terminal measurement system for electrical transport devices","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.ins-det"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Arthur W. Barnard, David Goldhaber-Gordon, Evgeny Mikheev, Han S. Hiller, Joe Finney","submitted_at":"2022-02-23T23:53:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present the design and implementation of a measurement system that enables parallel drive and detection of small currents and voltages at numerous electrical contacts to a multi-terminal electrical device. This system, which we term a feedback lock-in, combines digital control-loop feedback with software-defined lock-in measurements to dynamically source currents and measure small, pre-amplified potentials. The effective input impedance of each current/voltage probe can be set via software, permitting any given contact to behave as an open-circuit voltage lead or as a virtually grounded cur"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2202.11830","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2202.11830/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"v8xz/Wdf8v5lFE05ZtVv6fCxSDSb/h6kCUGts5b8z22IxRWWl6rYdxAULaSzbSdDRYrzwVzE1luSvv2HL3X4Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T21:44:26.775780Z"},"content_sha256":"104678a23197c7d456bd182acbf479ccb226e37127019f3ca9b78d5dd398ce12","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:104678a23197c7d456bd182acbf479ccb226e37127019f3ca9b78d5dd398ce12"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-03T21:44:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO6RJKDZ6HQB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"00a618b058a340485833145dfe2a06af43c2743d335eaf7bbe5f149e8fc2f908","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ins-det"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2022-02-23T23:53:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"759b8801bcece8df46a13fafff6470ad15799fe3f6a0ae0b2eb61e2bd68e6d5b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2202.11830","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2202.11830","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2202.11830v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2202.11830","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J3TSC5V2VYSG","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J3TSC5V2VYSGY7XO","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J3TSC5V2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:104678a23197c7d456bd182acbf479ccb226e37127019f3ca9b78d5dd398ce12","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2202.11830/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present the design and implementation of a measurement system that enables parallel drive and detection of small currents and voltages at numerous electrical contacts to a multi-terminal electrical device. This system, which we term a feedback lock-in, combines digital control-loop feedback with software-defined lock-in measurements to dynamically source currents and measure small, pre-amplified potentials. The effective input impedance of each current/voltage probe can be set via software, permitting any given contact to behave as an open-circuit voltage lead or as a virtually grounded cur","authors_text":"Arthur W. Barnard, David Goldhaber-Gordon, Evgeny Mikheev, Han S. Hiller, Joe Finney","cross_cats":["physics.ins-det"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2022-02-23T23:53:12Z","title":"Feedback Lock-in: A versatile multi-terminal measurement system for electrical transport devices"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2202.11830","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d3ecd0f2da2213ce6c5ec93df0f65fe2a1ac1278f1455b80e4ba089f63a7a697","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"00a618b058a340485833145dfe2a06af43c2743d335eaf7bbe5f149e8fc2f908","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ins-det"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2022-02-23T23:53:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"759b8801bcece8df46a13fafff6470ad15799fe3f6a0ae0b2eb61e2bd68e6d5b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2202.11830","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4ee72176baae246c7eeef452a1e7c78063ccdbcabe889d290bb50fc62403bef0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4ee72176baae246c7eeef452a1e7c78063ccdbcabe889d290bb50fc62403bef0","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12.920485Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12.920485Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"QPCAo9/IxunjqksjoTTQi3KIESSiqoiuGxtDtqBJqaIrrv+x0mpmrG0gTuc9l+eaZNwANUf2EoGzndvQ2ZPPCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:31:12.920975Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2202.11830","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d3ecd0f2da2213ce6c5ec93df0f65fe2a1ac1278f1455b80e4ba089f63a7a697","sha256:104678a23197c7d456bd182acbf479ccb226e37127019f3ca9b78d5dd398ce12"],"state_sha256":"8ff2127b95b44df642c2102e8f2046fcd9f41dcf66d20bac61751f1a9e5f7e6d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"m+PlghczXrEyVg9cr8ejPIwDcIi/aS5kogX/ZMe7Tz5CUDIZHsIhZge60YKsUYPFAsD62EN/R/e6eL0A8xmjAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T21:44:26.781727Z","bundle_sha256":"738ded70a74e0bb64ae4fb1c1a8c40f17747429919d08b98d1f8d2f76e4c1b24"}}