{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC","short_pith_number":"pith:J3VUTQ4V","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2402.11744","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-19T00:07:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6437589fe022af4a0a52758769be36f95777c2c11dca219645b0309be1c1b95f","abstract_canon_sha256":"ab1ceec0c1a305863ff3507b60eaeb11590233a2b8a93fd0cfe5b35aa55c2c85"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4eeb49c3955168a29089c15886140f408bab8c4a2ce6207c594408db6e46a1e0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2402.11744","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.11744","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.11744v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.11744","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J3VUTQ4VKFUK","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J3VUTQ4V","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2402.11744","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-19T00:07:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6437589fe022af4a0a52758769be36f95777c2c11dca219645b0309be1c1b95f","abstract_canon_sha256":"ab1ceec0c1a305863ff3507b60eaeb11590233a2b8a93fd0cfe5b35aa55c2c85"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4eeb49c3955168a29089c15886140f408bab8c4a2ce6207c594408db6e46a1e0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45.929808Z","signature_b64":"4sVOkmzfUayRjnModj06xaVe3xLjIbKhmUc2f/pV+fug/K3oShq8DL4o/uUpzYcrkiHjhCEs93zo2IEUeQOBBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4eeb49c3955168a29089c15886140f408bab8c4a2ce6207c594408db6e46a1e0","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45.929399Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45.929399Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2402.11744","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RL2hwydbCBh6DTz9+ew8WCQsBJ2fUD5G9y87vNKERlpfkHEqHuqaES0mL837yUN9w8dYJxgKfL/728fN4Uf9DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T01:11:33.304245Z"},"content_sha256":"8e849a35e97e08480c6a5ede3d8a2cceab1cf882b9136311585348668bced309","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8e849a35e97e08480c6a5ede3d8a2cceab1cf882b9136311585348668bced309"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Machine-Generated Text Localization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Bryan A. Plummer, Wenda Qin, Zhongping Zhang","submitted_at":"2024-02-19T00:07:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"Machine-Generated Text (MGT) detection aims to identify a piece of text as machine or human written. Prior work has primarily formulated MGT detection as a binary classification task over an entire document, with limited work exploring cases where only part of a document is machine generated. This paper provides the first in-depth study of MGT that localizes the portions of a document that were machine generated. Thus, if a bad actor were to change a key portion of a news article to spread misinformation, whole document MGT detection may fail since the vast majority is human written, but our a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.11744","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2402.11744/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Gc5Yus10iu90/Ov1LAOGTtS2nV6JiMkJ/3R+S7cV/PxPbIiA4O8oCGeheYk36ATgnTmcrJGivsJGFwAawiUwDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T01:11:33.305233Z"},"content_sha256":"551f44fa56f16a47a01c03a17f6d325692258b1c7979e51012fd3cbaff557836","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:551f44fa56f16a47a01c03a17f6d325692258b1c7979e51012fd3cbaff557836"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T01:11:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJYFMIMFAPIC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ab1ceec0c1a305863ff3507b60eaeb11590233a2b8a93fd0cfe5b35aa55c2c85","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-19T00:07:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"6437589fe022af4a0a52758769be36f95777c2c11dca219645b0309be1c1b95f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.11744","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.11744","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.11744v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.11744","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J3VUTQ4VKFUK","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J3VUTQ4VKFUKFEEJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J3VUTQ4V","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:551f44fa56f16a47a01c03a17f6d325692258b1c7979e51012fd3cbaff557836","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2402.11744/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Machine-Generated Text (MGT) detection aims to identify a piece of text as machine or human written. Prior work has primarily formulated MGT detection as a binary classification task over an entire document, with limited work exploring cases where only part of a document is machine generated. This paper provides the first in-depth study of MGT that localizes the portions of a document that were machine generated. Thus, if a bad actor were to change a key portion of a news article to spread misinformation, whole document MGT detection may fail since the vast majority is human written, but our a","authors_text":"Bryan A. Plummer, Wenda Qin, Zhongping Zhang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-19T00:07:28Z","title":"Machine-Generated Text Localization"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.11744","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8e849a35e97e08480c6a5ede3d8a2cceab1cf882b9136311585348668bced309","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ab1ceec0c1a305863ff3507b60eaeb11590233a2b8a93fd0cfe5b35aa55c2c85","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-19T00:07:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"6437589fe022af4a0a52758769be36f95777c2c11dca219645b0309be1c1b95f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.11744","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"4eeb49c3955168a29089c15886140f408bab8c4a2ce6207c594408db6e46a1e0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4eeb49c3955168a29089c15886140f408bab8c4a2ce6207c594408db6e46a1e0","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45.929399Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45.929399Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4sVOkmzfUayRjnModj06xaVe3xLjIbKhmUc2f/pV+fug/K3oShq8DL4o/uUpzYcrkiHjhCEs93zo2IEUeQOBBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:45.929808Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2402.11744","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8e849a35e97e08480c6a5ede3d8a2cceab1cf882b9136311585348668bced309","sha256:551f44fa56f16a47a01c03a17f6d325692258b1c7979e51012fd3cbaff557836"],"state_sha256":"8ee058022d146a772015fc2ddd1e50274f118d50268330b6c1f45991969b2e2b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tZqiJhQQ5zRk9a6hufzuv0MgIGegLU7Rh330gI9Zbd0raVjgygfX1h7VAMBlBu4SFhO1iPOmsGiTAFaDXEEtBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T01:11:33.310652Z","bundle_sha256":"0c66ee60f0ed88c410c0622680ce647bbb8d1731a45471a2c3e482d57f270102"}}