{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2018:J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY","short_pith_number":"pith:J4KJTDFD","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"4f14998ca3c7ab9838b9b51196a489961261a25cced606883521156450705fd2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1807.05267","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Photosynthesis on a planet orbiting an M dwarf: enhanced effectiveness during flares","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.EP"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"D. J. Mullan, H. P. Bais","submitted_at":"2018-07-13T19:54:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"On planets near M dwarfs, photosynthesis (PS) will occur with an effectiveness which depends on the supply of visible photons with wavelengths between 400 and 700 nm. In this paper, we quantify the effectiveness of PS in two contexts which are relevant for M dwarfs. First, using photons from an M dwarf in its quiescent non-flaring state, we find that PS on an M dwarf planet in the HZ of its parent star is less effective than on Earth by a factor of 10 for a flare star with mid-M spectral type. For a flare star with late-M spectral type, PS effectiveness is smaller than on Earth by a factor of "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1807.05267","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2018-07-13T19:54:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.EP"],"title_canon_sha256":"6aebb4506dff97becdf3ef225706c4e0b96d0586a0dc3c37ee01be648fdba337","abstract_canon_sha256":"27ced667527e1ec27df533e33dca92c533e8d1d805773cae44730eb7a5037fd6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:46.190675Z","signature_b64":"P9jvabrUG//1vHFA5KH7uN2OSlWYRpVDFvRD6ectJFyj1g8jss+kyD3n3dAKFP4nfqi5UmGkcllsYzouJ2YhBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4f14998ca3c7ab9838b9b51196a489961261a25cced606883521156450705fd2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:46.190202Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:46.190202Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Photosynthesis on a planet orbiting an M dwarf: enhanced effectiveness during flares","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.EP"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"D. J. Mullan, H. P. Bais","submitted_at":"2018-07-13T19:54:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"On planets near M dwarfs, photosynthesis (PS) will occur with an effectiveness which depends on the supply of visible photons with wavelengths between 400 and 700 nm. In this paper, we quantify the effectiveness of PS in two contexts which are relevant for M dwarfs. First, using photons from an M dwarf in its quiescent non-flaring state, we find that PS on an M dwarf planet in the HZ of its parent star is less effective than on Earth by a factor of 10 for a flare star with mid-M spectral type. For a flare star with late-M spectral type, PS effectiveness is smaller than on Earth by a factor of "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1807.05267","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1807.05267","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:46.190278+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1807.05267v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:46.190278+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1807.05267","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:46.190278+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J4KJTDFDY6VZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31.084164+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31.084164+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J4KJTDFD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31.084164+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY","json":"https://pith.science/pith/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/J4KJTDFD"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/J4KJTDFD","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1807.05267&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/J4KJTDFDY6VZQOFZWUIZNJEJSY/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:46.190278+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:46.190278+00:00"}