{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2","short_pith_number":"pith:J5AM36JX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.5773","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-23T10:18:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"2b2c00235be519a428c210019880789174a0b3cc537dec15e2b76c10c4dea006","abstract_canon_sha256":"4270b3dff950a58c3d8b2a34d1702ea39db93dcbbb3a5878cd7f9f53a6399bf8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4f40cdf93714d6893c6fa4eb9b85ae2680c67499ff52259556683c3325d0d41c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1404.5773","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.5773","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.5773v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.5773","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J5AM36JXCTLI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J5AM36JXCTLISPDP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J5AM36JX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.5773","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-23T10:18:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"2b2c00235be519a428c210019880789174a0b3cc537dec15e2b76c10c4dea006","abstract_canon_sha256":"4270b3dff950a58c3d8b2a34d1702ea39db93dcbbb3a5878cd7f9f53a6399bf8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4f40cdf93714d6893c6fa4eb9b85ae2680c67499ff52259556683c3325d0d41c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26.004822Z","signature_b64":"Sm7OO+z6i1Ql5nKcbukZFW+V+QR7/ovZX8uJjK+fIbEshuiq3N7uatmAGfzyKHaoE6Ol6TbTRF6rZYTxSghoDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4f40cdf93714d6893c6fa4eb9b85ae2680c67499ff52259556683c3325d0d41c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26.004107Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26.004107Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1404.5773","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eA9s6IkK88tief/v0UfHjblaRUNcn4VZiUsgKfxBVj36kEfpo7Rqs8dWRSeZq4OdYg2Y0Gyit4AG/QG5F0r2Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T08:52:36.648965Z"},"content_sha256":"5414e48894329c255df69b85a72b6f4ee81d71a31f9f5f07955bc590ed6132dc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5414e48894329c255df69b85a72b6f4ee81d71a31f9f5f07955bc590ed6132dc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A UV flux constraint on the formation of direct collapse black holes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"C. Van Borm, D. R. G. Schleicher, M. A. Latif, M. Spaans, S. Bovino, T. Grassi","submitted_at":"2014-04-23T10:18:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"The ability of metal free gas to cool by molecular hydrogen in primordial halos is strongly associated with the strength of ultraviolet (UV) flux produced by the stellar populations in the first galaxies. Depending on the stellar spectrum, these UV photons can either dissociate $\\rm H_{2}$ molecules directly or indirectly by photo-detachment of $\\rm H^{-}$ as the latter provides the main pathway for $\\rm H_{2}$ formation in the early universe. In this study, we aim to determine the critical strength of the UV flux above which the formation of molecular hydrogen remains suppressed for a sample "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.5773","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Is2iglJUvxJPBES9FC1LHdH5cEMJB6QfCiX+igAkH/fr0J49seFKoFeogOTEr/EFhZ9B+XpadiF2ujn5soRvDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T08:52:36.649656Z"},"content_sha256":"67dc2485c461be3813910aeab3f450ba57d9e056b1d65319263694a4e1f28931","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:67dc2485c461be3813910aeab3f450ba57d9e056b1d65319263694a4e1f28931"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T08:52:36Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:J5AM36JXCTLISPDPUTVZXBNOE2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4270b3dff950a58c3d8b2a34d1702ea39db93dcbbb3a5878cd7f9f53a6399bf8","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-23T10:18:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"2b2c00235be519a428c210019880789174a0b3cc537dec15e2b76c10c4dea006"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1404.5773","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.5773","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.5773v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.5773","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J5AM36JXCTLI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J5AM36JXCTLISPDP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J5AM36JX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:67dc2485c461be3813910aeab3f450ba57d9e056b1d65319263694a4e1f28931","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The ability of metal free gas to cool by molecular hydrogen in primordial halos is strongly associated with the strength of ultraviolet (UV) flux produced by the stellar populations in the first galaxies. Depending on the stellar spectrum, these UV photons can either dissociate $\\rm H_{2}$ molecules directly or indirectly by photo-detachment of $\\rm H^{-}$ as the latter provides the main pathway for $\\rm H_{2}$ formation in the early universe. In this study, we aim to determine the critical strength of the UV flux above which the formation of molecular hydrogen remains suppressed for a sample ","authors_text":"C. Van Borm, D. R. G. Schleicher, M. A. Latif, M. Spaans, S. Bovino, T. Grassi","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-23T10:18:07Z","title":"A UV flux constraint on the formation of direct collapse black holes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.5773","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5414e48894329c255df69b85a72b6f4ee81d71a31f9f5f07955bc590ed6132dc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4270b3dff950a58c3d8b2a34d1702ea39db93dcbbb3a5878cd7f9f53a6399bf8","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-23T10:18:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"2b2c00235be519a428c210019880789174a0b3cc537dec15e2b76c10c4dea006"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1404.5773","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"4f40cdf93714d6893c6fa4eb9b85ae2680c67499ff52259556683c3325d0d41c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4f40cdf93714d6893c6fa4eb9b85ae2680c67499ff52259556683c3325d0d41c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26.004107Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26.004107Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Sm7OO+z6i1Ql5nKcbukZFW+V+QR7/ovZX8uJjK+fIbEshuiq3N7uatmAGfzyKHaoE6Ol6TbTRF6rZYTxSghoDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:26.004822Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1404.5773","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5414e48894329c255df69b85a72b6f4ee81d71a31f9f5f07955bc590ed6132dc","sha256:67dc2485c461be3813910aeab3f450ba57d9e056b1d65319263694a4e1f28931"],"state_sha256":"c40f8c9ccc65c6c820f453e4d743f54f8c1b6da1642a79f4c35649f6b79d88dc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KJTR8yOcNjlskm4Fljn9qgSZH1UTN8BmbLYR4HRnr9VXbyg1laPlHMqMZth9JIIBIBF1e/nqRqU7BfI2fGBsDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T08:52:36.653813Z","bundle_sha256":"92de9bc3bee9b46c922e87abc91c27de2289374a9e14af9018608be0bb6b2c92"}}