{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB","short_pith_number":"pith:J5O5BZY4","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1703.04908","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2017-03-15T03:30:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"78039505e78e4b59bd650adb851348606c1995145de81a682b784d09181f5482","abstract_canon_sha256":"c0b24b59219bac577b346ed4e1977d241622ae4b363d925c60dca521c5308eb9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4f5dd0e71ce09fd800aa7b16cac929704944d44cd7efa41539fc6416c7a97114","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1703.04908","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1703.04908","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1703.04908v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1703.04908","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J5O5BZY44CP5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J5O5BZY44CP5QAFK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J5O5BZY4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1703.04908","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2017-03-15T03:30:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"78039505e78e4b59bd650adb851348606c1995145de81a682b784d09181f5482","abstract_canon_sha256":"c0b24b59219bac577b346ed4e1977d241622ae4b363d925c60dca521c5308eb9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4f5dd0e71ce09fd800aa7b16cac929704944d44cd7efa41539fc6416c7a97114","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04.343547Z","signature_b64":"LT/8IRbEYOoZJPNuyf299oXhpHjVe92iZUEtwhvu9Y6CskUyEzDObQSHDstg83sw24725vyspkM2vqS2QVpmBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4f5dd0e71ce09fd800aa7b16cac929704944d44cd7efa41539fc6416c7a97114","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04.342850Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04.342850Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1703.04908","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1wesh7czQFYLQwb/97hWIFEfUo+RyDn9lJLdozqfod/WzIgGJBKNc3krpczN7jfnCOZc3SXBhzxvZDWN3dd8Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T21:18:09.873920Z"},"content_sha256":"368f6e09e6a3ef0a416f1ed3711b26bcaac0db59c0c57fe6f0ec4789b37e23cc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:368f6e09e6a3ef0a416f1ed3711b26bcaac0db59c0c57fe6f0ec4789b37e23cc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Emergence of Grounded Compositional Language in Multi-Agent Populations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Igor Mordatch, Pieter Abbeel","submitted_at":"2017-03-15T03:30:13Z","abstract_excerpt":"By capturing statistical patterns in large corpora, machine learning has enabled significant advances in natural language processing, including in machine translation, question answering, and sentiment analysis. However, for agents to intelligently interact with humans, simply capturing the statistical patterns is insufficient. In this paper we investigate if, and how, grounded compositional language can emerge as a means to achieve goals in multi-agent populations. Towards this end, we propose a multi-agent learning environment and learning methods that bring about emergence of a basic compos"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1703.04908","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AmNCj4OBmJgsmOxWKmdBAZYYq4wdluDmI8cHYgi9Hk/meEXVQkbfUoe1/BbeiQtWn0Q4l75cW+CZ3G8SdGgCAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T21:18:09.874304Z"},"content_sha256":"016dae1774a1afc686771b037bbfa89599ec960d1bc21375eb48cc8837192704","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:016dae1774a1afc686771b037bbfa89599ec960d1bc21375eb48cc8837192704"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T21:18:09Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:J5O5BZY44CP5QAFKPMLMVSJJOB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c0b24b59219bac577b346ed4e1977d241622ae4b363d925c60dca521c5308eb9","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2017-03-15T03:30:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"78039505e78e4b59bd650adb851348606c1995145de81a682b784d09181f5482"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1703.04908","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1703.04908","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1703.04908v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1703.04908","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J5O5BZY44CP5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J5O5BZY44CP5QAFK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J5O5BZY4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:21Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:016dae1774a1afc686771b037bbfa89599ec960d1bc21375eb48cc8837192704","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"By capturing statistical patterns in large corpora, machine learning has enabled significant advances in natural language processing, including in machine translation, question answering, and sentiment analysis. However, for agents to intelligently interact with humans, simply capturing the statistical patterns is insufficient. In this paper we investigate if, and how, grounded compositional language can emerge as a means to achieve goals in multi-agent populations. Towards this end, we propose a multi-agent learning environment and learning methods that bring about emergence of a basic compos","authors_text":"Igor Mordatch, Pieter Abbeel","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2017-03-15T03:30:13Z","title":"Emergence of Grounded Compositional Language in Multi-Agent Populations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1703.04908","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:368f6e09e6a3ef0a416f1ed3711b26bcaac0db59c0c57fe6f0ec4789b37e23cc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c0b24b59219bac577b346ed4e1977d241622ae4b363d925c60dca521c5308eb9","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2017-03-15T03:30:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"78039505e78e4b59bd650adb851348606c1995145de81a682b784d09181f5482"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1703.04908","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"4f5dd0e71ce09fd800aa7b16cac929704944d44cd7efa41539fc6416c7a97114","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4f5dd0e71ce09fd800aa7b16cac929704944d44cd7efa41539fc6416c7a97114","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04.342850Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04.342850Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"LT/8IRbEYOoZJPNuyf299oXhpHjVe92iZUEtwhvu9Y6CskUyEzDObQSHDstg83sw24725vyspkM2vqS2QVpmBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:04.343547Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1703.04908","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:368f6e09e6a3ef0a416f1ed3711b26bcaac0db59c0c57fe6f0ec4789b37e23cc","sha256:016dae1774a1afc686771b037bbfa89599ec960d1bc21375eb48cc8837192704"],"state_sha256":"368eac0e56130dd943d4b39bbb3c0486b4cbeadd066a26c0f8d15a8095024363"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zSHc715l41vK5CZZL1VjVFOoKCjIg/f9RQq+udy90I0eVpXkGhY7NT7IDLSvU0DVxO2XY7MYaUXNgXpTZkuVBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T21:18:09.877131Z","bundle_sha256":"49507d87e1144de5565e29c7d76f3e2496f2b2b6a0f5af94502d702c0bc7d263"}}