{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55","short_pith_number":"pith:J6HCXAID","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.02297","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-04-06T05:42:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"9d9d6637294d652fe1db82ff629d9b8d881dd4d5608890ce48bb430b2884dc3b","abstract_canon_sha256":"5c07e93cab3b703aae1570a280c1a4f52a20b6639ddb205dcfe5ab222b3cde7a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4f8e2b81031f8fe4396da92819e2a4ef4561f825c3af175742c7b6fc386fe970","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2104.02297","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.02297","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.02297v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.02297","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J6HCXAIDD6H6","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLN","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J6HCXAID","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.02297","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-04-06T05:42:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"9d9d6637294d652fe1db82ff629d9b8d881dd4d5608890ce48bb430b2884dc3b","abstract_canon_sha256":"5c07e93cab3b703aae1570a280c1a4f52a20b6639ddb205dcfe5ab222b3cde7a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4f8e2b81031f8fe4396da92819e2a4ef4561f825c3af175742c7b6fc386fe970","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16.777803Z","signature_b64":"SRDnDtV+crxJB3iGALQN0JnAEKnrFY8s3GH+pM2YPA2d+8QeYACkPEJ3U2CZMX+0so9BSNiwDmtYvNM8/D0FCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4f8e2b81031f8fe4396da92819e2a4ef4561f825c3af175742c7b6fc386fe970","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16.777366Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16.777366Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2104.02297","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eN23nsklKJV8VhGv5Kui3aetUzkz2NJidzrzsMeyK7lJ+21cz8QNvgUL7Nm+XGJ9/xthy+3f0GhguCKZ0qcvDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T11:37:13.258556Z"},"content_sha256":"c42fb76b539febd00876c1b64305265a42f4bd3dd5c7181416a1e59c4bb6b2b5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c42fb76b539febd00876c1b64305265a42f4bd3dd5c7181416a1e59c4bb6b2b5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Shapley Explanation Networks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"David I. Inouye, Rui Wang, Xiaoqian Wang","submitted_at":"2021-04-06T05:42:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"Shapley values have become one of the most popular feature attribution explanation methods. However, most prior work has focused on post-hoc Shapley explanations, which can be computationally demanding due to its exponential time complexity and preclude model regularization based on Shapley explanations during training. Thus, we propose to incorporate Shapley values themselves as latent representations in deep models thereby making Shapley explanations first-class citizens in the modeling paradigm. This intrinsic explanation approach enables layer-wise explanations, explanation regularization "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.02297","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2104.02297/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0em84KyGisq4/A09jiRruuHZQmwZaQsMlecjVWo/6wMkNrGwwrLPqIvJwqyb0qKqXz1XqKt+s/VlLLINwLPoCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T11:37:13.259085Z"},"content_sha256":"cb8e6f5d7d3aa9e73c091b93522b5335d7a9688234619dbc873ad0f13f4d691b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cb8e6f5d7d3aa9e73c091b93522b5335d7a9688234619dbc873ad0f13f4d691b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T11:37:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLNVEUBTYVE55","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5c07e93cab3b703aae1570a280c1a4f52a20b6639ddb205dcfe5ab222b3cde7a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-04-06T05:42:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"9d9d6637294d652fe1db82ff629d9b8d881dd4d5608890ce48bb430b2884dc3b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.02297","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.02297","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.02297v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.02297","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J6HCXAIDD6H6","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J6HCXAIDD6H6IOLN","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J6HCXAID","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cb8e6f5d7d3aa9e73c091b93522b5335d7a9688234619dbc873ad0f13f4d691b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2104.02297/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Shapley values have become one of the most popular feature attribution explanation methods. However, most prior work has focused on post-hoc Shapley explanations, which can be computationally demanding due to its exponential time complexity and preclude model regularization based on Shapley explanations during training. Thus, we propose to incorporate Shapley values themselves as latent representations in deep models thereby making Shapley explanations first-class citizens in the modeling paradigm. This intrinsic explanation approach enables layer-wise explanations, explanation regularization ","authors_text":"David I. Inouye, Rui Wang, Xiaoqian Wang","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-04-06T05:42:12Z","title":"Shapley Explanation Networks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.02297","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c42fb76b539febd00876c1b64305265a42f4bd3dd5c7181416a1e59c4bb6b2b5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5c07e93cab3b703aae1570a280c1a4f52a20b6639ddb205dcfe5ab222b3cde7a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-04-06T05:42:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"9d9d6637294d652fe1db82ff629d9b8d881dd4d5608890ce48bb430b2884dc3b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.02297","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4f8e2b81031f8fe4396da92819e2a4ef4561f825c3af175742c7b6fc386fe970","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4f8e2b81031f8fe4396da92819e2a4ef4561f825c3af175742c7b6fc386fe970","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16.777366Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16.777366Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"SRDnDtV+crxJB3iGALQN0JnAEKnrFY8s3GH+pM2YPA2d+8QeYACkPEJ3U2CZMX+0so9BSNiwDmtYvNM8/D0FCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:29:16.777803Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2104.02297","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c42fb76b539febd00876c1b64305265a42f4bd3dd5c7181416a1e59c4bb6b2b5","sha256:cb8e6f5d7d3aa9e73c091b93522b5335d7a9688234619dbc873ad0f13f4d691b"],"state_sha256":"1562e8ffd6b8a199fc370f7ea1e97b891da539d8a2de3ffe284edb20a560667a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6ssusCe8Cjj/dt6CzWM9N6brfvQ3aOIbw4p/67m/9djeQllSeAqlPAX53nsRf8uJPfivWFtM1o4OAvuLcLraAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T11:37:13.263278Z","bundle_sha256":"c3f634a02077840b0350a1c75aff3d4741eb1104298e85b264283f3dc4f17327"}}