{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX","short_pith_number":"pith:J6XSLOLL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2503.04558","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2025-03-06T15:49:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f58bafd7a3c988a0280acfdaff3bbd220f8a90131b0dd9eb61af3d8a8e954667","abstract_canon_sha256":"a6867e48deb7f620eef67aa670088b3c96cacfc67b0996741c808f1acd61357b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4faf25b96b76872deb315cab793dab25f2c5b07d81df44cdfa76a039738ea6d7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2503.04558","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2503.04558","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2503.04558v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2503.04558","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J6XSLOLLO2DS","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZR","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J6XSLOLL","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2503.04558","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2025-03-06T15:49:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f58bafd7a3c988a0280acfdaff3bbd220f8a90131b0dd9eb61af3d8a8e954667","abstract_canon_sha256":"a6867e48deb7f620eef67aa670088b3c96cacfc67b0996741c808f1acd61357b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4faf25b96b76872deb315cab793dab25f2c5b07d81df44cdfa76a039738ea6d7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42.251336Z","signature_b64":"nzBcVK5rwLjla7QvO4NnY0lnHWv0VTRZ7XWv05TOgRCEAi+iYL2Kt94owxDGX6+d/+v8fq4iAmc5EgZbgqXqBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4faf25b96b76872deb315cab793dab25f2c5b07d81df44cdfa76a039738ea6d7","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42.250803Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42.250803Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2503.04558","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tzTZPRQNmLhlRH+6jKEewsF7xoR9Np4+0dOdejbeKxBTV7EI9Fo/Ze8YRiPE1ChN3qZhPMT5CD11vfgg1j4dCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T12:53:26.609710Z"},"content_sha256":"c37794287e037d39ee5f96ab6af92acc643a66fb4f256586762ffcd1b1e6d46e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c37794287e037d39ee5f96ab6af92acc643a66fb4f256586762ffcd1b1e6d46e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Introducing APERTURE: A GPU-based General Relativistic Particle-in-Cell Simulation Framework","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Alexander Y. Chen, Martin Luepker, Yajie Yuan","submitted_at":"2025-03-06T15:49:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"Low-luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are believed to be surrounded by a collisionless, highly magnetized accretion flow. As a result, Particle-in-Cell simulations are the best tools to study the immediate vicinity of the event horizons of these supermassive black holes. We present a GPU-based general relativistic particle-in-cell (GRPIC) code framework called Aperture. Aperture is developed in C++, with compute kernels written in CUDA and HIP to take advantage of the massive acceleration modern GPUs enable. The code is organized in a fully modular way, allowing easy extensions to new ph"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2503.04558","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2503.04558/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zYnRQq1dbRMrrp9RNXmAseiYxxlpNonBpUxMAKX0xEWmJIyUz/xe7bHaYIruQdW8oo2ens5bWVtXBPPWofvgAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T12:53:26.610444Z"},"content_sha256":"81b20a81a78ce449763e8042a3d76f12dfb723a3853ee7147a7f37df077fc192","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:81b20a81a78ce449763e8042a3d76f12dfb723a3853ee7147a7f37df077fc192"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T12:53:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZRLSVXSPNLEX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a6867e48deb7f620eef67aa670088b3c96cacfc67b0996741c808f1acd61357b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2025-03-06T15:49:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"f58bafd7a3c988a0280acfdaff3bbd220f8a90131b0dd9eb61af3d8a8e954667"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2503.04558","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2503.04558","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2503.04558v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2503.04558","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J6XSLOLLO2DS","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J6XSLOLLO2DS32ZR","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J6XSLOLL","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:81b20a81a78ce449763e8042a3d76f12dfb723a3853ee7147a7f37df077fc192","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2503.04558/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Low-luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are believed to be surrounded by a collisionless, highly magnetized accretion flow. As a result, Particle-in-Cell simulations are the best tools to study the immediate vicinity of the event horizons of these supermassive black holes. We present a GPU-based general relativistic particle-in-cell (GRPIC) code framework called Aperture. Aperture is developed in C++, with compute kernels written in CUDA and HIP to take advantage of the massive acceleration modern GPUs enable. The code is organized in a fully modular way, allowing easy extensions to new ph","authors_text":"Alexander Y. Chen, Martin Luepker, Yajie Yuan","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2025-03-06T15:49:17Z","title":"Introducing APERTURE: A GPU-based General Relativistic Particle-in-Cell Simulation Framework"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2503.04558","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c37794287e037d39ee5f96ab6af92acc643a66fb4f256586762ffcd1b1e6d46e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a6867e48deb7f620eef67aa670088b3c96cacfc67b0996741c808f1acd61357b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2025-03-06T15:49:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"f58bafd7a3c988a0280acfdaff3bbd220f8a90131b0dd9eb61af3d8a8e954667"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2503.04558","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4faf25b96b76872deb315cab793dab25f2c5b07d81df44cdfa76a039738ea6d7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4faf25b96b76872deb315cab793dab25f2c5b07d81df44cdfa76a039738ea6d7","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42.250803Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42.250803Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nzBcVK5rwLjla7QvO4NnY0lnHWv0VTRZ7XWv05TOgRCEAi+iYL2Kt94owxDGX6+d/+v8fq4iAmc5EgZbgqXqBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:25:42.251336Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2503.04558","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c37794287e037d39ee5f96ab6af92acc643a66fb4f256586762ffcd1b1e6d46e","sha256:81b20a81a78ce449763e8042a3d76f12dfb723a3853ee7147a7f37df077fc192"],"state_sha256":"7e1fd520ea84c9af70e0e6658a45b1743dd77e09b587f740dd120a287a90928f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LZ1oCQX1333CH6g6Q/Ibv+nnRjPFyj1lTRYT/v3uskcuZZYUCvUZI0OBI69OPrNniCCZVraOEkWTdkdgmCUYCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T12:53:26.616243Z","bundle_sha256":"754ccc70217a15233f8cd87bb73afa4ec1021b5b2d78a6bbd042f20c808604e8"}}