{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4","short_pith_number":"pith:J7MUWDRI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2505.02207","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2025-05-04T18:06:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"913b55e59fc81b68e0bf19169ed4bb338ede4aec6c34007bbd3f77b93251033f","abstract_canon_sha256":"41b258bacb3d812734280e41943176f56c1d1f8fa19e7c209eaa42ab99936849"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4fd94b0e28e360a6447d56d45013bea70d51cc41b873865457be7bdaf3358f70","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2505.02207","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2505.02207","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2505.02207v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.02207","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J7MUWDRI4NQK","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J7MUWDRI","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2505.02207","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2025-05-04T18:06:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"913b55e59fc81b68e0bf19169ed4bb338ede4aec6c34007bbd3f77b93251033f","abstract_canon_sha256":"41b258bacb3d812734280e41943176f56c1d1f8fa19e7c209eaa42ab99936849"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4fd94b0e28e360a6447d56d45013bea70d51cc41b873865457be7bdaf3358f70","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29.826352Z","signature_b64":"5Yju7mSkTTk4BGBHqTA8yBkqpPUQu/wKyImofm+QLBYuxJqoJrJDznGOtejjOq/xIMfHqhul/ZSo7r8v0fW1BQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4fd94b0e28e360a6447d56d45013bea70d51cc41b873865457be7bdaf3358f70","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29.825834Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29.825834Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2505.02207","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/ElRI+WATz/5YPBeJrw40FH1fatz73RBWMsPLprF+dpAIIrusVyo/pEZw81Mq+3snFtJxcpBsDnda/e6xhS8Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T16:35:16.347808Z"},"content_sha256":"d0da40807cc0e16cdcf0f61625dab79b1869f95a497a6774602a71d3b3c4058e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d0da40807cc0e16cdcf0f61625dab79b1869f95a497a6774602a71d3b3c4058e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On the tension between DESI DR2 BAO and CMB","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Gen Ye, Shi-Jie Lin","submitted_at":"2025-05-04T18:06:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurement shows inconsistency with the cosmic microwave background (CMB) observation in $\\Lambda$CDM. We used the Bayesian suspiciousness and goodness-of-fit tension metrics to quantify the significance of the tension. Both tension metrics consistently confirm a $\\sim2\\sigma$ tension between DESI BAO and CMB. We identified the key assumptions of $\\Lambda$CDM underlying the tension between BAO and CMB. If the tension is physical, one or multiple of the assumptions might need to be broken by the potential new physics addressing the tension. In "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.02207","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2505.02207/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iGGiBengDsWelzZXVAV3C+gvuClXLG+6BQLMZSN1k/kO+32djjV/LDlRQZVmz9BbbQzCsWO2izqW6VMW00NLCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T16:35:16.348802Z"},"content_sha256":"1bb308ff826ce1baecf3a6f821ed23c2668484c26378c1323ca7e4f716c7399f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1bb308ff826ce1baecf3a6f821ed23c2668484c26378c1323ca7e4f716c7399f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-14T16:35:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5K3KFAE56U4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"41b258bacb3d812734280e41943176f56c1d1f8fa19e7c209eaa42ab99936849","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2025-05-04T18:06:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"913b55e59fc81b68e0bf19169ed4bb338ede4aec6c34007bbd3f77b93251033f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2505.02207","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2505.02207","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2505.02207v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.02207","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"J7MUWDRI4NQK","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"J7MUWDRI4NQKMRD5","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"J7MUWDRI","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1bb308ff826ce1baecf3a6f821ed23c2668484c26378c1323ca7e4f716c7399f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2505.02207/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurement shows inconsistency with the cosmic microwave background (CMB) observation in $\\Lambda$CDM. We used the Bayesian suspiciousness and goodness-of-fit tension metrics to quantify the significance of the tension. Both tension metrics consistently confirm a $\\sim2\\sigma$ tension between DESI BAO and CMB. We identified the key assumptions of $\\Lambda$CDM underlying the tension between BAO and CMB. If the tension is physical, one or multiple of the assumptions might need to be broken by the potential new physics addressing the tension. In ","authors_text":"Gen Ye, Shi-Jie Lin","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2025-05-04T18:06:04Z","title":"On the tension between DESI DR2 BAO and CMB"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.02207","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d0da40807cc0e16cdcf0f61625dab79b1869f95a497a6774602a71d3b3c4058e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"41b258bacb3d812734280e41943176f56c1d1f8fa19e7c209eaa42ab99936849","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2025-05-04T18:06:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"913b55e59fc81b68e0bf19169ed4bb338ede4aec6c34007bbd3f77b93251033f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2505.02207","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"4fd94b0e28e360a6447d56d45013bea70d51cc41b873865457be7bdaf3358f70","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4fd94b0e28e360a6447d56d45013bea70d51cc41b873865457be7bdaf3358f70","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29.825834Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29.825834Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"5Yju7mSkTTk4BGBHqTA8yBkqpPUQu/wKyImofm+QLBYuxJqoJrJDznGOtejjOq/xIMfHqhul/ZSo7r8v0fW1BQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:59:29.826352Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2505.02207","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d0da40807cc0e16cdcf0f61625dab79b1869f95a497a6774602a71d3b3c4058e","sha256:1bb308ff826ce1baecf3a6f821ed23c2668484c26378c1323ca7e4f716c7399f"],"state_sha256":"450428bf415bfb27af9501b922b81b6a3a144d10e729a8b38a80c64110b4018c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"53hS1/ItxydW9oyqa9umSwBw6Z8F1jjwoBICPEiBiIfPNRI8W5L0YXAGGXx5JMO7bXRGSr3+HdwYM4+GshE/DA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T16:35:16.355270Z","bundle_sha256":"29377438599020f73c0fd9e58781267ee6a74c21200a7ea33ea1fd8392bab1cc"}}