{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON","short_pith_number":"pith:JDF4D5EF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.02398","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.FL","submitted_at":"2018-11-06T15:10:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"40fa35a856be4afd6a32a63599f3efe43430ace0b9b190b85df661b08e523a71","abstract_canon_sha256":"e115047af7cf811496fa6b55ec5e12a71f5b092f5852eec44c566a830bd91d97"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"48cbc1f4858e3277b9b39dc99a18dd737854d4a6d0c9ed17dd88830d99df032b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1811.02398","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.02398","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.02398v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.02398","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JDF4D5EFRYZH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JDF4D5EFRYZHPONT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JDF4D5EF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.02398","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.FL","submitted_at":"2018-11-06T15:10:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"40fa35a856be4afd6a32a63599f3efe43430ace0b9b190b85df661b08e523a71","abstract_canon_sha256":"e115047af7cf811496fa6b55ec5e12a71f5b092f5852eec44c566a830bd91d97"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"48cbc1f4858e3277b9b39dc99a18dd737854d4a6d0c9ed17dd88830d99df032b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29.445102Z","signature_b64":"Cb5lf5/xcfYl/2FpahhZDoOvcrCFcFNHxKgqIjdwmPSr1p/pJnQWismuybWCBKDm3PzcfxysPf7KACCT8/sUBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"48cbc1f4858e3277b9b39dc99a18dd737854d4a6d0c9ed17dd88830d99df032b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29.444466Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29.444466Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1811.02398","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0WIuQnzzsanZrNSTdHGvBs31sCjHqhabLO+cYgoPlN92HlDmZnFUbyR7XuiPX6qk9Rxdg7/ZbDaE7D5gyewlCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T07:54:42.583865Z"},"content_sha256":"e456a87efca4255e5450f1cba6d2f1dca8c5cdab9da9ddedd104783965d944e1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e456a87efca4255e5450f1cba6d2f1dca8c5cdab9da9ddedd104783965d944e1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"First Order Alternation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.FL","authors_text":"Radu Iosif, Xiao Xu","submitted_at":"2018-11-06T15:10:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"We introduce first order alternating automata, a generalization of boolean alternating automata, in which transition rules are described by multisorted first order formulae, with states and internal variables given by uninterpreted predicate terms. The model is closed under union, intersection and complement, and its emptiness problem is undecidable, even for the simplest data theory of equality. To cope with this limitation, we develop an abstraction refinement semi-algorithm based on lazy annotation of the symbolic execution paths with interpolants, obtained by applying (i) quantifier elimin"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.02398","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ewEwgvVGgjYYNigvabmr/FEFAwdFL63PIdWoYX95LTx/xJeALzJMM7ZQGsRk7NoVbY1OBx2VxK3oTA+VNQ76Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T07:54:42.584217Z"},"content_sha256":"dc12cf815e0463dfefdf3e1aed6fd258b675000a8aa976ed78e63c07db67c62a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dc12cf815e0463dfefdf3e1aed6fd258b675000a8aa976ed78e63c07db67c62a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T07:54:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:JDF4D5EFRYZHPONTTXEZUGG5ON","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e115047af7cf811496fa6b55ec5e12a71f5b092f5852eec44c566a830bd91d97","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.FL","submitted_at":"2018-11-06T15:10:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"40fa35a856be4afd6a32a63599f3efe43430ace0b9b190b85df661b08e523a71"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.02398","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.02398","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.02398v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.02398","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JDF4D5EFRYZH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JDF4D5EFRYZHPONT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JDF4D5EF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:dc12cf815e0463dfefdf3e1aed6fd258b675000a8aa976ed78e63c07db67c62a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We introduce first order alternating automata, a generalization of boolean alternating automata, in which transition rules are described by multisorted first order formulae, with states and internal variables given by uninterpreted predicate terms. The model is closed under union, intersection and complement, and its emptiness problem is undecidable, even for the simplest data theory of equality. To cope with this limitation, we develop an abstraction refinement semi-algorithm based on lazy annotation of the symbolic execution paths with interpolants, obtained by applying (i) quantifier elimin","authors_text":"Radu Iosif, Xiao Xu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.FL","submitted_at":"2018-11-06T15:10:03Z","title":"First Order Alternation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.02398","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e456a87efca4255e5450f1cba6d2f1dca8c5cdab9da9ddedd104783965d944e1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e115047af7cf811496fa6b55ec5e12a71f5b092f5852eec44c566a830bd91d97","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.FL","submitted_at":"2018-11-06T15:10:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"40fa35a856be4afd6a32a63599f3efe43430ace0b9b190b85df661b08e523a71"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.02398","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"48cbc1f4858e3277b9b39dc99a18dd737854d4a6d0c9ed17dd88830d99df032b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"48cbc1f4858e3277b9b39dc99a18dd737854d4a6d0c9ed17dd88830d99df032b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29.444466Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29.444466Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Cb5lf5/xcfYl/2FpahhZDoOvcrCFcFNHxKgqIjdwmPSr1p/pJnQWismuybWCBKDm3PzcfxysPf7KACCT8/sUBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:29.445102Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1811.02398","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e456a87efca4255e5450f1cba6d2f1dca8c5cdab9da9ddedd104783965d944e1","sha256:dc12cf815e0463dfefdf3e1aed6fd258b675000a8aa976ed78e63c07db67c62a"],"state_sha256":"870358d2f7480a08aac69b13dd192a2b6069647059777a4d2550be10ba7bc5ca"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IVb16K5nbTYOwnBbygOe/pNMyWMrwC56jzozW6Ziusgcr2AyxpcOs8tWVgcTd3a5Gpj//bwIHdayjfVJgBJYCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T07:54:42.586349Z","bundle_sha256":"c859aca613607a8dbe288300a3741e86aa7be3b6709873fd1e92f0ea3a1a5b4d"}}