{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7","short_pith_number":"pith:JE3QWDUG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.05353","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T03:44:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"827603aa418e838f1a5937551a722674d4e8e493c81722b6e61ff3e326c39df3","abstract_canon_sha256":"34d3477411fdaed631f75cacdf1b83ee5014ab44d171355ef14132873ba6029d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"49370b0e869d7c2e2e3d1f8b80587e7fcaf669f69169021b5d61c6dd818116e6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1612.05353","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.05353","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.05353v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.05353","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JE3QWDUGTV6C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JE3QWDUG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.05353","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T03:44:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"827603aa418e838f1a5937551a722674d4e8e493c81722b6e61ff3e326c39df3","abstract_canon_sha256":"34d3477411fdaed631f75cacdf1b83ee5014ab44d171355ef14132873ba6029d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"49370b0e869d7c2e2e3d1f8b80587e7fcaf669f69169021b5d61c6dd818116e6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51.977012Z","signature_b64":"tqEiIBpcjqSiXOT2LH+08CcLfjSHn9fXrt56mUSgr0tyR9NhqH6xa6pK6hGG7aPFwFr/tJDwg06COegVLiS1AQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"49370b0e869d7c2e2e3d1f8b80587e7fcaf669f69169021b5d61c6dd818116e6","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51.976613Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51.976613Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1612.05353","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"z4K6tsQoJPkRlk9cjs9berRCj72pGq8rcbMLgkys1vnNSU4KrSX2eepHR2AQm9RZum4AAEa60JYfLFCJxU4XBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T03:10:48.634081Z"},"content_sha256":"ce5fbcd603e6540ad4745ca4c95b4bb98420aba78c099bbfab94f38454e944e2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ce5fbcd603e6540ad4745ca4c95b4bb98420aba78c099bbfab94f38454e944e2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Dragonflies Utilize Flapping Wings Phasing and Spanwise Characteristics to Achieve Aerodynamic Performance","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Csaba Hefler, Huihe Qiu, Wei Shyy","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T03:44:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"While dragonflies are highly agile flyers, some key aerodynamic mechanisms responsible for their flight performance remain inadequately understood. Based on forward flight conditions, we investigate dragonfliess spanwise aerodynamic behaviors associated with flapping wings phasing relationship. Overall, the leading edge vortex (LEV) on the forewing forms without the influence of the hindwing. For hindwing, the wing root region prominently displays a trailing edge vortex (TEV). In the inner span region, the vortical flow structures around the hindwing is influenced by the forewings LEV when bot"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.05353","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Vf4zI145fjsOU6zOM5/ogOpv6iE3xJRUmDJ//OzZfIRX0KY0uVK+tkEEbdxU3C80Qe7uXpK0XHqWyv7nqL66CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T03:10:48.634441Z"},"content_sha256":"6ba4e87bd4f05faa2a96d055849004a6c2224b020f0e531747e560f8954f5888","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6ba4e87bd4f05faa2a96d055849004a6c2224b020f0e531747e560f8954f5888"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T03:10:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5D6FYAWD6P7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"34d3477411fdaed631f75cacdf1b83ee5014ab44d171355ef14132873ba6029d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T03:44:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"827603aa418e838f1a5937551a722674d4e8e493c81722b6e61ff3e326c39df3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1612.05353","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.05353","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.05353v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.05353","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JE3QWDUGTV6C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JE3QWDUGTV6C4LR5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JE3QWDUG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6ba4e87bd4f05faa2a96d055849004a6c2224b020f0e531747e560f8954f5888","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"While dragonflies are highly agile flyers, some key aerodynamic mechanisms responsible for their flight performance remain inadequately understood. Based on forward flight conditions, we investigate dragonfliess spanwise aerodynamic behaviors associated with flapping wings phasing relationship. Overall, the leading edge vortex (LEV) on the forewing forms without the influence of the hindwing. For hindwing, the wing root region prominently displays a trailing edge vortex (TEV). In the inner span region, the vortical flow structures around the hindwing is influenced by the forewings LEV when bot","authors_text":"Csaba Hefler, Huihe Qiu, Wei Shyy","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T03:44:14Z","title":"Dragonflies Utilize Flapping Wings Phasing and Spanwise Characteristics to Achieve Aerodynamic Performance"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.05353","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ce5fbcd603e6540ad4745ca4c95b4bb98420aba78c099bbfab94f38454e944e2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"34d3477411fdaed631f75cacdf1b83ee5014ab44d171355ef14132873ba6029d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2016-12-16T03:44:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"827603aa418e838f1a5937551a722674d4e8e493c81722b6e61ff3e326c39df3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1612.05353","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"49370b0e869d7c2e2e3d1f8b80587e7fcaf669f69169021b5d61c6dd818116e6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"49370b0e869d7c2e2e3d1f8b80587e7fcaf669f69169021b5d61c6dd818116e6","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51.976613Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51.976613Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"tqEiIBpcjqSiXOT2LH+08CcLfjSHn9fXrt56mUSgr0tyR9NhqH6xa6pK6hGG7aPFwFr/tJDwg06COegVLiS1AQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:51.977012Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1612.05353","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ce5fbcd603e6540ad4745ca4c95b4bb98420aba78c099bbfab94f38454e944e2","sha256:6ba4e87bd4f05faa2a96d055849004a6c2224b020f0e531747e560f8954f5888"],"state_sha256":"7b27f92f0c32f61f75e130018a12286ffa0f8ddec4760cede46879eb8439f235"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YHcxf9bi2470r2A/M+0nCRGV6sq4ylis5sl5lhzOmHvC8pnjAT39jeAEeXgcSBP3iDczHnumjpyBjTbyznX1Dg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T03:10:48.636362Z","bundle_sha256":"f93ac8d854339b9a8df3889543a39c975d93fe54c56f5c4df8c1649b15d3233b"}}