{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U","short_pith_number":"pith:JE6JSJWU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.06238","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T14:23:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"da33da9b8da486a3723759267a967244ad6fb5318443e3106736100a19f3731d","abstract_canon_sha256":"d5290a16904c9d2c5b6b7bab6456b3a6c3be3488568ae733eafcd7344fbf6abe"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"493c9926d4596a3f95e6eb4a58757add25778ea0298ed7ec1d89367584be036a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2210.06238","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.06238","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.06238v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.06238","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JE6JSJWULFVD","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JE6JSJWU","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.06238","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T14:23:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"da33da9b8da486a3723759267a967244ad6fb5318443e3106736100a19f3731d","abstract_canon_sha256":"d5290a16904c9d2c5b6b7bab6456b3a6c3be3488568ae733eafcd7344fbf6abe"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"493c9926d4596a3f95e6eb4a58757add25778ea0298ed7ec1d89367584be036a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43.316363Z","signature_b64":"HUTHwzswJula08tYwWBddgpRzG8n3fnwLFn7NXeLtEInTzSbxVTD75HE8XNkAp8OSZI4j2IIipdXgc/diUmwBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"493c9926d4596a3f95e6eb4a58757add25778ea0298ed7ec1d89367584be036a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43.315869Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43.315869Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2210.06238","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6JNonqIgiZ0L/0cR6ho2KoWC2EcIafl4imjmetKx8y6Z+IPCH1QFK8k77Cxb9761LePfCeCs2bKkp4Gn9uTPCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T02:30:34.991533Z"},"content_sha256":"8136723546769133736e11ae45d56d6745e11ecf57c5c81406cac47b21c24bec","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8136723546769133736e11ae45d56d6745e11ecf57c5c81406cac47b21c24bec"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Formation of hot spots around small primordial black holes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Kazunori Kohri, Kyohei Mukaida, Masaki Yamada, Minxi He","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T14:23:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we investigate the thermalization of Hawking radiation from primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early Universe, taking into account the interference effect on thermalization of high energy particles, known as Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect. Small PBHs with masses $ \\lesssim 10^9 \\, \\mathrm{g} $ completely evaporate before the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). The Hawking radiation emitted from these PBHs heats up the ambient plasma with temperature lower than the Hawking temperature, which results in a non-trivial temperature profile around the PBHs, namely a hot spot sur"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.06238","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2210.06238/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rADTzoFzSyhPRU4je/Ea1hy72ub/pgV6rZxsk5D5a94onzIsIAWg5MomBVzA9pzaqV44w/3TtW8KGjZfiHdjBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T02:30:34.992063Z"},"content_sha256":"16b1758b011360fd3be5d05af115b6d3cc23bc4ca6657a0d6542b330b1c1e47a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:16b1758b011360fd3be5d05af115b6d3cc23bc4ca6657a0d6542b330b1c1e47a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T02:30:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG5NFFQ5L23U","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d5290a16904c9d2c5b6b7bab6456b3a6c3be3488568ae733eafcd7344fbf6abe","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T14:23:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"da33da9b8da486a3723759267a967244ad6fb5318443e3106736100a19f3731d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.06238","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.06238","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.06238v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.06238","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JE6JSJWULFVD","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JE6JSJWULFVD7FPG","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JE6JSJWU","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:16b1758b011360fd3be5d05af115b6d3cc23bc4ca6657a0d6542b330b1c1e47a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2210.06238/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we investigate the thermalization of Hawking radiation from primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early Universe, taking into account the interference effect on thermalization of high energy particles, known as Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect. Small PBHs with masses $ \\lesssim 10^9 \\, \\mathrm{g} $ completely evaporate before the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). The Hawking radiation emitted from these PBHs heats up the ambient plasma with temperature lower than the Hawking temperature, which results in a non-trivial temperature profile around the PBHs, namely a hot spot sur","authors_text":"Kazunori Kohri, Kyohei Mukaida, Masaki Yamada, Minxi He","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T14:23:14Z","title":"Formation of hot spots around small primordial black holes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.06238","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8136723546769133736e11ae45d56d6745e11ecf57c5c81406cac47b21c24bec","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d5290a16904c9d2c5b6b7bab6456b3a6c3be3488568ae733eafcd7344fbf6abe","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T14:23:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"da33da9b8da486a3723759267a967244ad6fb5318443e3106736100a19f3731d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.06238","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"493c9926d4596a3f95e6eb4a58757add25778ea0298ed7ec1d89367584be036a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"493c9926d4596a3f95e6eb4a58757add25778ea0298ed7ec1d89367584be036a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43.315869Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43.315869Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HUTHwzswJula08tYwWBddgpRzG8n3fnwLFn7NXeLtEInTzSbxVTD75HE8XNkAp8OSZI4j2IIipdXgc/diUmwBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:43.316363Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2210.06238","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8136723546769133736e11ae45d56d6745e11ecf57c5c81406cac47b21c24bec","sha256:16b1758b011360fd3be5d05af115b6d3cc23bc4ca6657a0d6542b330b1c1e47a"],"state_sha256":"068c45c055498ea412dc81bf0a513853234dab9dd951d9ce3fbd7404936bc91c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eb9Gwp6pR/hgSGN7YfMX21Aw0anZdlsZ/CAI4i5w00hi3O9y2vRC9LQCAQi+LFSiSoKu/e4k3KOdvfHV01LmDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T02:30:34.998538Z","bundle_sha256":"ddf8c9081d35ff7dea14338b7b30ffe63aaff9c9ad42c28e583836d0e5e9bc9e"}}