{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1998:JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ","short_pith_number":"pith:JIFH2TJH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9803112","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-03-10T16:27:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f2332299fe5bd2a9f9a8d9392467feb2ab5c9c47704624992dcd9a99dca33159","abstract_canon_sha256":"7ee3f92c4203c1b402cedc2882af5d5e1de30f9fb2ca30714eb3e724567bbdb5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4a0a7d4d2759274cc7ee765f754bfd1a4910d155ea0450cdc48888619804cf27","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/9803112","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9803112","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9803112v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9803112","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JIFH2TJHLETU","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JIFH2TJHLETUZR7O","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JIFH2TJH","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1998:JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9803112","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-03-10T16:27:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f2332299fe5bd2a9f9a8d9392467feb2ab5c9c47704624992dcd9a99dca33159","abstract_canon_sha256":"7ee3f92c4203c1b402cedc2882af5d5e1de30f9fb2ca30714eb3e724567bbdb5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4a0a7d4d2759274cc7ee765f754bfd1a4910d155ea0450cdc48888619804cf27","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13.527894Z","signature_b64":"FuKToc+8ASO1apZ+5IpRH+OTDzMvgGAtMeZSS4X1QvHD8OAKMrgpO1v1KFlncm3JzV9uLEJVAjDWzQ1lNi6GDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4a0a7d4d2759274cc7ee765f754bfd1a4910d155ea0450cdc48888619804cf27","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13.527495Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13.527495Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/9803112","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Di9uvSg8tjmJfRJDUtAIMSYU8Ny7s3NYqcL3+xUxZWWOdYW7G6p6sumipgDzNot+AJUe7JF57ODS7wLreI3/Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T20:51:39.616544Z"},"content_sha256":"682d2499dd02bc4652d422d252aa27d9ef9c8efdcd8dbb904f2d43711ad62951","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:682d2499dd02bc4652d422d252aa27d9ef9c8efdcd8dbb904f2d43711ad62951"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1998:JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Turbulence and Particle Heating in Advection-Dominated Accretion Flows","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Andrei Gruzinov (IAS), Eliot Quataert (Harvard)","submitted_at":"1998-03-10T16:27:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"We extend and reconcile recent work on turbulence and particle heating in advection-dominated accretion flows. For approximately equipartition magnetic fields, the turbulence primarily heats the electrons. For weaker magnetic fields, the protons are primarily heated. The division between electron and proton heating occurs between $\\beta \\sim 5$ and $\\beta \\sim 100$ (where $\\beta$ is the ratio of the gas to the magnetic pressure), depending on unknown details of how Alfv\\'en waves are converted into whistlers on scales of the proton Larmor radius. We also discuss the possibility that magnetic r"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9803112","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/9803112/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1dqDvaoPZzZXQ0zIgM3M1pFxJmS864aGSeJopCz0iXQKiOL+O4Mda/d/HiMY7MSlp2gn+fCkyLjFQ1Fuk7JqCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T20:51:39.617030Z"},"content_sha256":"687764739f98ecd2bf464c64cb4482ea5e04f09dca05ce997aab82bfdb641b19","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:687764739f98ecd2bf464c64cb4482ea5e04f09dca05ce997aab82bfdb641b19"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T20:51:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1998:JIFH2TJHLETUZR7OOZPXKS75DJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7ee3f92c4203c1b402cedc2882af5d5e1de30f9fb2ca30714eb3e724567bbdb5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-03-10T16:27:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"f2332299fe5bd2a9f9a8d9392467feb2ab5c9c47704624992dcd9a99dca33159"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9803112","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9803112","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9803112v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9803112","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JIFH2TJHLETU","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JIFH2TJHLETUZR7O","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JIFH2TJH","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:687764739f98ecd2bf464c64cb4482ea5e04f09dca05ce997aab82bfdb641b19","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/9803112/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We extend and reconcile recent work on turbulence and particle heating in advection-dominated accretion flows. For approximately equipartition magnetic fields, the turbulence primarily heats the electrons. For weaker magnetic fields, the protons are primarily heated. The division between electron and proton heating occurs between $\\beta \\sim 5$ and $\\beta \\sim 100$ (where $\\beta$ is the ratio of the gas to the magnetic pressure), depending on unknown details of how Alfv\\'en waves are converted into whistlers on scales of the proton Larmor radius. We also discuss the possibility that magnetic r","authors_text":"Andrei Gruzinov (IAS), Eliot Quataert (Harvard)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-03-10T16:27:01Z","title":"Turbulence and Particle Heating in Advection-Dominated Accretion Flows"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9803112","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:682d2499dd02bc4652d422d252aa27d9ef9c8efdcd8dbb904f2d43711ad62951","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7ee3f92c4203c1b402cedc2882af5d5e1de30f9fb2ca30714eb3e724567bbdb5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-03-10T16:27:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"f2332299fe5bd2a9f9a8d9392467feb2ab5c9c47704624992dcd9a99dca33159"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9803112","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4a0a7d4d2759274cc7ee765f754bfd1a4910d155ea0450cdc48888619804cf27","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4a0a7d4d2759274cc7ee765f754bfd1a4910d155ea0450cdc48888619804cf27","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13.527495Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13.527495Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"FuKToc+8ASO1apZ+5IpRH+OTDzMvgGAtMeZSS4X1QvHD8OAKMrgpO1v1KFlncm3JzV9uLEJVAjDWzQ1lNi6GDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:06:13.527894Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/9803112","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:682d2499dd02bc4652d422d252aa27d9ef9c8efdcd8dbb904f2d43711ad62951","sha256:687764739f98ecd2bf464c64cb4482ea5e04f09dca05ce997aab82bfdb641b19"],"state_sha256":"8c7c1178e76f0f1deba6fd97913b46bfb363c4ebde826b0fb1a192ec8eb6cff4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kEHWRAlLFlrabcb5IuRuWV4k+JEl8lTreK2W9zrV4JJxl8hSlrg03WyS0BGi2IGVejPbdu2ASuHWlONxp3H5Bg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T20:51:39.620408Z","bundle_sha256":"dbaf9910aa1186b75dfb141733c6d0d6fac515256d50ffd6f04b66ac286cc1da"}}