{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I","short_pith_number":"pith:JIG6LTMX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.09245","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2024-11-14T07:20:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0a268b60edb683c5200955617759295380b7cce225aaaf9e20c65ba945530732","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d0a2a9d74da66a7fc3da93cf3398c61591e140ad766cd454faa6f63da34c103"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4a0de5cd97d141f72f7615ea10c410e23d3d9a6178df546541531d7e55697528","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2411.09245","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.09245","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.09245v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.09245","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JIG6LTMX2FA7","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3W","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JIG6LTMX","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.09245","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2024-11-14T07:20:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0a268b60edb683c5200955617759295380b7cce225aaaf9e20c65ba945530732","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d0a2a9d74da66a7fc3da93cf3398c61591e140ad766cd454faa6f63da34c103"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4a0de5cd97d141f72f7615ea10c410e23d3d9a6178df546541531d7e55697528","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23.275250Z","signature_b64":"MfVDAMT5tl6RnpmYDM3Jjik1EHLsKfPgXQbdurYRNkeDlQ6k84X95Wpd6HbBPCwY8yL4zYvtRil+hEhiCLhoCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4a0de5cd97d141f72f7615ea10c410e23d3d9a6178df546541531d7e55697528","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23.274821Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23.274821Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2411.09245","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6HSi391bSN8ICU4XgwlVTNKqsOjWdSzHs1w/qsAIx+BFMKvGNEeGUbYGaqmR/LKiql9idgMuYR0bfo77SuPLCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T14:29:40.069286Z"},"content_sha256":"4688f528681e14063cbd87856df40d695747538c6f0d907b7d5d58809bfb7e95","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4688f528681e14063cbd87856df40d695747538c6f0d907b7d5d58809bfb7e95"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Application of Optical Tweezers in the Study of Emulsions for Multiple Applications","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Dan Cojoc, Denis Garoli, Huaizhou Jin, Ott Scheler, Qifei Ma, Shangzhong Jin, Simona Bartkova, Tamas Pardy, Xiaoxiao Shang","submitted_at":"2024-11-14T07:20:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"Emulsions are ubiquitous in everyday life and find applications in various industries. Optical tweezers (OTs) have emerged as the preferred method for studying emulsion dynamics. In this review, we first introduce the theory of optical trapping and emulsion stability. We then survey applications in the manipulation of emulsions, stability mechanism, the processes of aggregation and coalescence, and important responsive and switchable behaviors. And we overview the instrumentation framework of various OT setups, and evaluate their complexity and cost with a view towards the democratization of t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.09245","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2411.09245/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"p20W1pHtwLYu+axB9GWlClZbA5b8aP+yr04JoGoJfAILUZX5/1ja097kAnzLCVRG2NUXYb8K3ZN0qeFhVeLeBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T14:29:40.069808Z"},"content_sha256":"52f19fe89be36f08d8a74a99f62ea217c6d3317d39d3d7c261b0777d0804d4fa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:52f19fe89be36f08d8a74a99f62ea217c6d3317d39d3d7c261b0777d0804d4fa"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T14:29:40Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3WCXVBBRAQ4I","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d0a2a9d74da66a7fc3da93cf3398c61591e140ad766cd454faa6f63da34c103","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2024-11-14T07:20:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"0a268b60edb683c5200955617759295380b7cce225aaaf9e20c65ba945530732"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.09245","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.09245","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.09245v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.09245","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JIG6LTMX2FA7","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JIG6LTMX2FA7OL3W","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JIG6LTMX","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:52f19fe89be36f08d8a74a99f62ea217c6d3317d39d3d7c261b0777d0804d4fa","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2411.09245/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Emulsions are ubiquitous in everyday life and find applications in various industries. Optical tweezers (OTs) have emerged as the preferred method for studying emulsion dynamics. In this review, we first introduce the theory of optical trapping and emulsion stability. We then survey applications in the manipulation of emulsions, stability mechanism, the processes of aggregation and coalescence, and important responsive and switchable behaviors. And we overview the instrumentation framework of various OT setups, and evaluate their complexity and cost with a view towards the democratization of t","authors_text":"Dan Cojoc, Denis Garoli, Huaizhou Jin, Ott Scheler, Qifei Ma, Shangzhong Jin, Simona Bartkova, Tamas Pardy, Xiaoxiao Shang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2024-11-14T07:20:45Z","title":"Application of Optical Tweezers in the Study of Emulsions for Multiple Applications"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.09245","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4688f528681e14063cbd87856df40d695747538c6f0d907b7d5d58809bfb7e95","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d0a2a9d74da66a7fc3da93cf3398c61591e140ad766cd454faa6f63da34c103","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2024-11-14T07:20:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"0a268b60edb683c5200955617759295380b7cce225aaaf9e20c65ba945530732"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.09245","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4a0de5cd97d141f72f7615ea10c410e23d3d9a6178df546541531d7e55697528","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4a0de5cd97d141f72f7615ea10c410e23d3d9a6178df546541531d7e55697528","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23.274821Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23.274821Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"MfVDAMT5tl6RnpmYDM3Jjik1EHLsKfPgXQbdurYRNkeDlQ6k84X95Wpd6HbBPCwY8yL4zYvtRil+hEhiCLhoCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:35:23.275250Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2411.09245","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4688f528681e14063cbd87856df40d695747538c6f0d907b7d5d58809bfb7e95","sha256:52f19fe89be36f08d8a74a99f62ea217c6d3317d39d3d7c261b0777d0804d4fa"],"state_sha256":"51e01670a82399624b64121adbcd8b5229464b155d39e02210d696c4e32b3dfd"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9QLfNFFPAAYk8vBLSWLa67Ty9HEfwElKS7ipX0cHx83dvvvpBH5Jobj9XNoUOh+Q0+6cYB/09NgqOKHXTTJDCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T14:29:40.073847Z","bundle_sha256":"696efc1516740e6a8bef7d7ba42b7b125ade8571d9d0bc3f836fd84e16c1f27c"}}