{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR","short_pith_number":"pith:JJTY7UTY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.05687","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T16:39:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b57c4d00f4dd53a7fb22ab12b345e1da8e369a7903e0503a132e6c5b7061658d","abstract_canon_sha256":"c8e981fa0045809aa4332544ac94b166350ca51a997d174a9ef9b00a35dfca1c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4a678fd2784dc8fae1d6825006f9896c450146bf64b2bf7d0624339021ab2661","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2309.05687","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.05687","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.05687v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.05687","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JJTY7UTYJXEP","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOW","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JJTY7UTY","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.05687","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T16:39:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b57c4d00f4dd53a7fb22ab12b345e1da8e369a7903e0503a132e6c5b7061658d","abstract_canon_sha256":"c8e981fa0045809aa4332544ac94b166350ca51a997d174a9ef9b00a35dfca1c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4a678fd2784dc8fae1d6825006f9896c450146bf64b2bf7d0624339021ab2661","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45.121487Z","signature_b64":"fzQPfLUoIjUZ7iyEDHFJKPEFoVcdZa6bOY2l9PjqKf2L1wFs24zwVHcszIEhJn86m34AudrmO47r57MUN6wUCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4a678fd2784dc8fae1d6825006f9896c450146bf64b2bf7d0624339021ab2661","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45.121052Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45.121052Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2309.05687","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kQq3aIMNNOo+9z7cDczR6stFTl4ZaOlmzp/LQkU6p2Af8bfYfF9RKdbpzx8we/wsUlzWGbejsjyIQvecZbyqDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T15:49:54.644224Z"},"content_sha256":"79f5ae948ab67404e6dae38b4a233524ffd0ebb24b25eedde0647f6de8d0a799","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:79f5ae948ab67404e6dae38b4a233524ffd0ebb24b25eedde0647f6de8d0a799"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Demystifying Practices, Challenges and Expected Features of Using GitHub Copilot","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Aakash Ahmad, Beiqi Zhang, Muhammad Waseem, Peng Liang, Xiyu Zhou","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T16:39:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"With the advances in machine learning, there is a growing interest in AI-enabled tools for autocompleting source code. GitHub Copilot has been trained on billions of lines of open source GitHub code, and is one of such tools that has been increasingly used since its launch in June 2021. However, little effort has been devoted to understanding the practices, challenges, and expected features of using Copilot in programming for auto-completed source code from the point of view of practitioners. To this end, we conducted an empirical study by collecting and analyzing the data from Stack Overflow "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.05687","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2309.05687/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GC2jeU9Hi38EkJWjMbUwMAwyBAnwPRovAt0G64xQ1NekVnGqs+6WEWg2l+RVxNmF7ZH34IycKLy4DTvC7xYfDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T15:49:54.645081Z"},"content_sha256":"a562b3163ab6081fedfb46206de59bf77b971e61628cfbb2750eef99438d831a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a562b3163ab6081fedfb46206de59bf77b971e61628cfbb2750eef99438d831a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T15:49:54Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOWQJIAN6MJNR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c8e981fa0045809aa4332544ac94b166350ca51a997d174a9ef9b00a35dfca1c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T16:39:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"b57c4d00f4dd53a7fb22ab12b345e1da8e369a7903e0503a132e6c5b7061658d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.05687","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.05687","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.05687v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.05687","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JJTY7UTYJXEP","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JJTY7UTYJXEPVYOW","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JJTY7UTY","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a562b3163ab6081fedfb46206de59bf77b971e61628cfbb2750eef99438d831a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2309.05687/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"With the advances in machine learning, there is a growing interest in AI-enabled tools for autocompleting source code. GitHub Copilot has been trained on billions of lines of open source GitHub code, and is one of such tools that has been increasingly used since its launch in June 2021. However, little effort has been devoted to understanding the practices, challenges, and expected features of using Copilot in programming for auto-completed source code from the point of view of practitioners. To this end, we conducted an empirical study by collecting and analyzing the data from Stack Overflow ","authors_text":"Aakash Ahmad, Beiqi Zhang, Muhammad Waseem, Peng Liang, Xiyu Zhou","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T16:39:37Z","title":"Demystifying Practices, Challenges and Expected Features of Using GitHub Copilot"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.05687","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:79f5ae948ab67404e6dae38b4a233524ffd0ebb24b25eedde0647f6de8d0a799","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c8e981fa0045809aa4332544ac94b166350ca51a997d174a9ef9b00a35dfca1c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T16:39:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"b57c4d00f4dd53a7fb22ab12b345e1da8e369a7903e0503a132e6c5b7061658d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.05687","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4a678fd2784dc8fae1d6825006f9896c450146bf64b2bf7d0624339021ab2661","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4a678fd2784dc8fae1d6825006f9896c450146bf64b2bf7d0624339021ab2661","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45.121052Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45.121052Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"fzQPfLUoIjUZ7iyEDHFJKPEFoVcdZa6bOY2l9PjqKf2L1wFs24zwVHcszIEhJn86m34AudrmO47r57MUN6wUCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:45.121487Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2309.05687","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:79f5ae948ab67404e6dae38b4a233524ffd0ebb24b25eedde0647f6de8d0a799","sha256:a562b3163ab6081fedfb46206de59bf77b971e61628cfbb2750eef99438d831a"],"state_sha256":"23ffc1d8cdd4e7c9bc5a037493a36bfeb4d0c012a2e32506b08401b5f0b271ae"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"H9fTG8mf5VXDvBRMHBXw/M1gAkwdEKvvbQVOI4onYsT9LpEETi4DJG6OqCJH4l+8k3zqzL+4qBlu4vVSIOUHCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T15:49:54.653503Z","bundle_sha256":"f51df363c23351cae7787a41f0d20e3a557c257ae8aa7d3feece4d03a51478e4"}}