{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP","short_pith_number":"pith:JMAQ7HGK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.4040","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T00:33:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR","physics.plasm-ph","physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"11720e8a3de43f0f0472f5db7645a6943ea158dd28c7839560cb9ceb4b6a1c63","abstract_canon_sha256":"a56e3e4f9e370bc3dd1bb7554ac10641fca394056412c19d2a1bef61c9e50815"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4b010f9cca618a821a1fc2127f486b53c0be604788987b93af5a04a76d30b2bc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1405.4040","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.4040","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.4040v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.4040","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JMAQ7HGKMGFI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JMAQ7HGK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.4040","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T00:33:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR","physics.plasm-ph","physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"11720e8a3de43f0f0472f5db7645a6943ea158dd28c7839560cb9ceb4b6a1c63","abstract_canon_sha256":"a56e3e4f9e370bc3dd1bb7554ac10641fca394056412c19d2a1bef61c9e50815"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4b010f9cca618a821a1fc2127f486b53c0be604788987b93af5a04a76d30b2bc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03.930859Z","signature_b64":"s6FqMEI1lVumH7ZjqAYi8tJwaPz4imvE6kiX8YlKONWKz8/migoxc5MjCxGgHE2qNxn1crFIzcT9aY4WgDBYCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4b010f9cca618a821a1fc2127f486b53c0be604788987b93af5a04a76d30b2bc","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03.930305Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03.930305Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1405.4040","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KfWLi0KPh5yzSJYcsLI6t32dZsHNqw5AcgXe/KuR1C3VwErHZvTeY3p8GnC2XD2pKM/4f27FsDcZEvZRzKhhDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T20:49:14.472221Z"},"content_sha256":"b9b848002c659e1c4797297ee2a17545d4efaf7a956d392d479507db6a00a267","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b9b848002c659e1c4797297ee2a17545d4efaf7a956d392d479507db6a00a267"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Formation of Hard Power-laws in the Energetic Particle Spectra Resulting from Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR","physics.plasm-ph","physics.space-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Fan Guo, Hui Li, William Daughton, Yi-Hsin Liu","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T00:33:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Using fully kinetic simulations, we demonstrate that magnetic reconnection in relativistic plasmas is highly efficient at accelerating particles through a first-order Fermi process resulting from the curvature drift of particles in the direction of the electric field induced by the relativistic flows. This mechanism gives rise to the formation of hard power-law spectra in parameter regimes where the energy density in the reconnecting field exceeds the rest mass energy density $\\sigma \\equiv B^2/(4 \\pi n m_ec^2) > 1$ and when the system size is sufficiently large. In the limit $\\sigma \\gg 1$, t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.4040","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"grPkTvMp2k4Fv8WiwHMR77050Kb4PQXPWfKgMjz/6ZP5mPdg3eNNSdppPMIFJqIGlrh/7/gyG6aEFql9Fp9WDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T20:49:14.472584Z"},"content_sha256":"24628855d1a2120d09f88cd565e834cbc29e93853744b85d5124dd5302951050","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:24628855d1a2120d09f88cd565e834cbc29e93853744b85d5124dd5302951050"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T20:49:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7YIJH6SDLKP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a56e3e4f9e370bc3dd1bb7554ac10641fca394056412c19d2a1bef61c9e50815","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR","physics.plasm-ph","physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T00:33:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"11720e8a3de43f0f0472f5db7645a6943ea158dd28c7839560cb9ceb4b6a1c63"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.4040","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.4040","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.4040v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.4040","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JMAQ7HGKMGFI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JMAQ7HGKMGFIEGQ7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JMAQ7HGK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:24628855d1a2120d09f88cd565e834cbc29e93853744b85d5124dd5302951050","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Using fully kinetic simulations, we demonstrate that magnetic reconnection in relativistic plasmas is highly efficient at accelerating particles through a first-order Fermi process resulting from the curvature drift of particles in the direction of the electric field induced by the relativistic flows. This mechanism gives rise to the formation of hard power-law spectra in parameter regimes where the energy density in the reconnecting field exceeds the rest mass energy density $\\sigma \\equiv B^2/(4 \\pi n m_ec^2) > 1$ and when the system size is sufficiently large. In the limit $\\sigma \\gg 1$, t","authors_text":"Fan Guo, Hui Li, William Daughton, Yi-Hsin Liu","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR","physics.plasm-ph","physics.space-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T00:33:38Z","title":"Formation of Hard Power-laws in the Energetic Particle Spectra Resulting from Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.4040","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b9b848002c659e1c4797297ee2a17545d4efaf7a956d392d479507db6a00a267","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a56e3e4f9e370bc3dd1bb7554ac10641fca394056412c19d2a1bef61c9e50815","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR","physics.plasm-ph","physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T00:33:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"11720e8a3de43f0f0472f5db7645a6943ea158dd28c7839560cb9ceb4b6a1c63"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.4040","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"4b010f9cca618a821a1fc2127f486b53c0be604788987b93af5a04a76d30b2bc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4b010f9cca618a821a1fc2127f486b53c0be604788987b93af5a04a76d30b2bc","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03.930305Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03.930305Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"s6FqMEI1lVumH7ZjqAYi8tJwaPz4imvE6kiX8YlKONWKz8/migoxc5MjCxGgHE2qNxn1crFIzcT9aY4WgDBYCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:03.930859Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1405.4040","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b9b848002c659e1c4797297ee2a17545d4efaf7a956d392d479507db6a00a267","sha256:24628855d1a2120d09f88cd565e834cbc29e93853744b85d5124dd5302951050"],"state_sha256":"8cf7a4b3d02cc925f4d4c58bc54878bd3d082c14729c2d94085f2d2ddea02ed4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/mgI7TKHPP3HaiZhavPFImbYBdO/bUPj+LgkB9dsD/ZFpLMSu3jmFPNlJE9n6mE2OpZ1lW0guz5lonl7eUwDBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T20:49:14.474555Z","bundle_sha256":"a245f0379cf183570755a884f5c4f129b2a2f14dbe93ca6059392a91cb71f852"}}