{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6","short_pith_number":"pith:JMD2T644","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.08216","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-03-13T03:28:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"741ff1806ca16dde98ad66be1c06e57398760b533d2a0eae91f5e7a93bfeef2b","abstract_canon_sha256":"aa0ff5adce8242f6854f167d4c9a55875609c8a33bb73730b68be38f92f0af9d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4b07a9fb9c11b7bac4326636dc61854f936a86775c863136b32da110ec5220eb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2403.08216","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.08216","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.08216v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.08216","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JMD2T644CG33","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JMD2T644CG33VRBS","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JMD2T644","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.08216","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-03-13T03:28:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"741ff1806ca16dde98ad66be1c06e57398760b533d2a0eae91f5e7a93bfeef2b","abstract_canon_sha256":"aa0ff5adce8242f6854f167d4c9a55875609c8a33bb73730b68be38f92f0af9d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4b07a9fb9c11b7bac4326636dc61854f936a86775c863136b32da110ec5220eb","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02.415549Z","signature_b64":"vMUznda6pXg1nfXe1cfPcQsCf23dLn3U4Gt3Jw9MCuzCOGaYOUgaWjPJtOY9/e4qphAgJHGTqNN6vOU17JndAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4b07a9fb9c11b7bac4326636dc61854f936a86775c863136b32da110ec5220eb","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02.415074Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02.415074Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2403.08216","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pSRuGVp7xMRgVsaE0SpN/+hzQln2GfX5m0+8+hnkNrl/6uhewjbqJ+OVWyJg5E/vGOzuJdt+JRsvBCVw4aqtCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T16:33:28.648651Z"},"content_sha256":"17790226b7a014a07d337faf8ec324250df5f856ac8ba24d74a435e218b3d71e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:17790226b7a014a07d337faf8ec324250df5f856ac8ba24d74a435e218b3d71e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"PaddingFlow: Improving Normalizing Flows with Padding-Dimensional Noise","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Chongkun Xia, Qinglong Meng, Xueqian Wang","submitted_at":"2024-03-13T03:28:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"Normalizing flow is a generative modeling approach with efficient sampling. However, Flow-based models suffer two issues: 1) If the target distribution is manifold, due to the unmatch between the dimensions of the latent target distribution and the data distribution, flow-based models might perform badly. 2) Discrete data might make flow-based models collapse into a degenerate mixture of point masses. To sidestep such two issues, we propose PaddingFlow, a novel dequantization method, which improves normalizing flows with padding-dimensional noise. To implement PaddingFlow, only the dimension o"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.08216","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2403.08216/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dD0PWYi7IV5G3rOGknczQgDi0bjCtfGiD/JRBTs5rb5OxJp9rPSiGbwAVoZPRXZGivGUUvRT0+Hk4iyAMHJCDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T16:33:28.649647Z"},"content_sha256":"73b51ecfe875ee1bcc5dca9ab23bd5762bac00d842244b90e60d5c2fb224b907","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:73b51ecfe875ee1bcc5dca9ab23bd5762bac00d842244b90e60d5c2fb224b907"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-03T16:33:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:JMD2T644CG33VRBSMY3NYYMFJ6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aa0ff5adce8242f6854f167d4c9a55875609c8a33bb73730b68be38f92f0af9d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-03-13T03:28:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"741ff1806ca16dde98ad66be1c06e57398760b533d2a0eae91f5e7a93bfeef2b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.08216","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.08216","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.08216v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.08216","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JMD2T644CG33","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JMD2T644CG33VRBS","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JMD2T644","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:73b51ecfe875ee1bcc5dca9ab23bd5762bac00d842244b90e60d5c2fb224b907","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2403.08216/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Normalizing flow is a generative modeling approach with efficient sampling. However, Flow-based models suffer two issues: 1) If the target distribution is manifold, due to the unmatch between the dimensions of the latent target distribution and the data distribution, flow-based models might perform badly. 2) Discrete data might make flow-based models collapse into a degenerate mixture of point masses. To sidestep such two issues, we propose PaddingFlow, a novel dequantization method, which improves normalizing flows with padding-dimensional noise. To implement PaddingFlow, only the dimension o","authors_text":"Chongkun Xia, Qinglong Meng, Xueqian Wang","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-03-13T03:28:39Z","title":"PaddingFlow: Improving Normalizing Flows with Padding-Dimensional Noise"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.08216","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:17790226b7a014a07d337faf8ec324250df5f856ac8ba24d74a435e218b3d71e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aa0ff5adce8242f6854f167d4c9a55875609c8a33bb73730b68be38f92f0af9d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-03-13T03:28:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"741ff1806ca16dde98ad66be1c06e57398760b533d2a0eae91f5e7a93bfeef2b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.08216","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"4b07a9fb9c11b7bac4326636dc61854f936a86775c863136b32da110ec5220eb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4b07a9fb9c11b7bac4326636dc61854f936a86775c863136b32da110ec5220eb","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02.415074Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02.415074Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"vMUznda6pXg1nfXe1cfPcQsCf23dLn3U4Gt3Jw9MCuzCOGaYOUgaWjPJtOY9/e4qphAgJHGTqNN6vOU17JndAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:02.415549Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2403.08216","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:17790226b7a014a07d337faf8ec324250df5f856ac8ba24d74a435e218b3d71e","sha256:73b51ecfe875ee1bcc5dca9ab23bd5762bac00d842244b90e60d5c2fb224b907"],"state_sha256":"9a70e858c016f9102049b88079e87d12ae21641b2f310c5fe86d5e5ceda46d41"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hBnCr+Uw0RLv69vF44K2SwGxHC4OoxLERIG9VBmo5dSfxIWBxUwxgXs4GHHXEhDLuYQasaloCG+Il/queVILDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T16:33:28.661508Z","bundle_sha256":"34f54a5c6d6a6c1014cdd201c1ef683b647893abe7d6f0df52dcd6929418c611"}}