{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ","short_pith_number":"pith:JOYFCN6Y","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.02663","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-06-08T20:00:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8d4e9bc34f1d196b700578e6b9bf547807da4cca004e18aa5e0cfe3bff73428c","abstract_canon_sha256":"a4c6d9a082a93271d193aaa0cc4e69c7749a69b35e829ee6da2be1eb7df744ae"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4bb05137d8818e5d4cdefdf0903ed8c40c7af92c2d9f19e0465c1d01fe253447","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1506.02663","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.02663","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.02663v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.02663","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JOYFCN6YQGHF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JOYFCN6Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.02663","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-06-08T20:00:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8d4e9bc34f1d196b700578e6b9bf547807da4cca004e18aa5e0cfe3bff73428c","abstract_canon_sha256":"a4c6d9a082a93271d193aaa0cc4e69c7749a69b35e829ee6da2be1eb7df744ae"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4bb05137d8818e5d4cdefdf0903ed8c40c7af92c2d9f19e0465c1d01fe253447","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47.240902Z","signature_b64":"5MSur7l1Wb6qU8nOn0ZX0LgINCZEz0RB7dl2d+P2dckR3DLXJwMBZ3u0LpOnowXvjacWb0gUq8G2pYVSWcD0BA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4bb05137d8818e5d4cdefdf0903ed8c40c7af92c2d9f19e0465c1d01fe253447","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47.240242Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47.240242Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1506.02663","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dW4znanlktr18DE2AllrT8Yo3aVK8reF4Z6FdJ/GyWk3QzHXbnizA3Tw17GN8at7f67lmgTq2CzoPsiV1ryCAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:39:14.883186Z"},"content_sha256":"fc55252b7744c582fac2ed8d30c32ffa9387ae5de7aebb28d703433c38d6ad6f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fc55252b7744c582fac2ed8d30c32ffa9387ae5de7aebb28d703433c38d6ad6f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Massive relic galaxies challenge the co-evolution of SMBHs and their host galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"((1) Subaru Telescope, (2) Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 3, (3) Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, 4), (4) Universidad de La Laguna, (5) Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes, (6) Max-Planck Institute f\\\"ur Astronomie), Anna Ferr\\'e-Mateu (1), Ignacio Trujillo (3, Marc Balcells (5), Mar Mezcua (2, NAOJ, Remco C. E. van den Bosch (6)","submitted_at":"2015-06-08T20:00:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study a sample of eight massive galaxies that are extreme outliers (3-5$\\sigma$) in the M$_{\\bullet}$-M$_\\mathrm{bulge}$ local scaling relation. Two of these galaxies are confirmed to host extremely large super massive black holes (SMBHs), whereas the virial mass estimates for the other six are also consistent with having abnormally large SMBHs. From the analysis of their star formation histories and their structural properties we find that all these extreme outliers can be considered as relic galaxies from the early (z$\\sim$2) Universe: i.e. they are compact (R$_{\\mathrm{e}}$$<$2 kpc) and "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.02663","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Qb8iyrB0vr/NVudifxqI1G7u0mpoJvycCMbzPqbP9RHH8jdDq/yglEMKd+gfVwPifIJ0Lfh0eqc77yldcBq/Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:39:14.883829Z"},"content_sha256":"d50569ffdcd201c62e3e02f040379356cfca41225a0e0537791378e84ec783ae","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d50569ffdcd201c62e3e02f040379356cfca41225a0e0537791378e84ec783ae"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T07:39:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG67XYJAPWYYQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a4c6d9a082a93271d193aaa0cc4e69c7749a69b35e829ee6da2be1eb7df744ae","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-06-08T20:00:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"8d4e9bc34f1d196b700578e6b9bf547807da4cca004e18aa5e0cfe3bff73428c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.02663","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.02663","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.02663v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.02663","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JOYFCN6YQGHF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JOYFCN6YQGHF2TG6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JOYFCN6Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d50569ffdcd201c62e3e02f040379356cfca41225a0e0537791378e84ec783ae","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study a sample of eight massive galaxies that are extreme outliers (3-5$\\sigma$) in the M$_{\\bullet}$-M$_\\mathrm{bulge}$ local scaling relation. Two of these galaxies are confirmed to host extremely large super massive black holes (SMBHs), whereas the virial mass estimates for the other six are also consistent with having abnormally large SMBHs. From the analysis of their star formation histories and their structural properties we find that all these extreme outliers can be considered as relic galaxies from the early (z$\\sim$2) Universe: i.e. they are compact (R$_{\\mathrm{e}}$$<$2 kpc) and ","authors_text":"((1) Subaru Telescope, (2) Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 3, (3) Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, 4), (4) Universidad de La Laguna, (5) Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes, (6) Max-Planck Institute f\\\"ur Astronomie), Anna Ferr\\'e-Mateu (1), Ignacio Trujillo (3, Marc Balcells (5), Mar Mezcua (2, NAOJ, Remco C. E. van den Bosch (6)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-06-08T20:00:41Z","title":"Massive relic galaxies challenge the co-evolution of SMBHs and their host galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.02663","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fc55252b7744c582fac2ed8d30c32ffa9387ae5de7aebb28d703433c38d6ad6f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a4c6d9a082a93271d193aaa0cc4e69c7749a69b35e829ee6da2be1eb7df744ae","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-06-08T20:00:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"8d4e9bc34f1d196b700578e6b9bf547807da4cca004e18aa5e0cfe3bff73428c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.02663","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4bb05137d8818e5d4cdefdf0903ed8c40c7af92c2d9f19e0465c1d01fe253447","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4bb05137d8818e5d4cdefdf0903ed8c40c7af92c2d9f19e0465c1d01fe253447","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47.240242Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47.240242Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"5MSur7l1Wb6qU8nOn0ZX0LgINCZEz0RB7dl2d+P2dckR3DLXJwMBZ3u0LpOnowXvjacWb0gUq8G2pYVSWcD0BA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:47.240902Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1506.02663","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fc55252b7744c582fac2ed8d30c32ffa9387ae5de7aebb28d703433c38d6ad6f","sha256:d50569ffdcd201c62e3e02f040379356cfca41225a0e0537791378e84ec783ae"],"state_sha256":"15595779ed4572509b3c70c5d1e4821a499e72231c0d735698fecb7633a8594e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CngUTjU6CPh9vVshkH1SQj0U38GStV5TLSYLoQd52Iio/c9oHbRH6nPaTfoMSUoo6mAyW94NytrWzA7EdzoXDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:39:14.886756Z","bundle_sha256":"36efbe56fb79a2becda7fe1369f071f611e1150d64bfea006c5d52f71f283eec"}}