{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4","short_pith_number":"pith:JTR47QV3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1606.05853","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-06-19T11:03:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"528f69c4d7c91a1e4c2f598d2e0867a1cc3467358486ae5d1f398d86c66b0ec8","abstract_canon_sha256":"636c7a78772a073afe38c632fef5758e3477322ed83ad9a4312e3725cc8adbc6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4ce3cfc2bb4cb5d4680f6b887e9cb0a739ba2425fc36b8af2bdeec0af4318384","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1606.05853","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1606.05853","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1606.05853v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1606.05853","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JTR47QV3JS25","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JTR47QV3JS25I2AP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JTR47QV3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1606.05853","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-06-19T11:03:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"528f69c4d7c91a1e4c2f598d2e0867a1cc3467358486ae5d1f398d86c66b0ec8","abstract_canon_sha256":"636c7a78772a073afe38c632fef5758e3477322ed83ad9a4312e3725cc8adbc6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4ce3cfc2bb4cb5d4680f6b887e9cb0a739ba2425fc36b8af2bdeec0af4318384","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23.189579Z","signature_b64":"4XrioMn80FH/hYkiiq7IttN+hWPK6TEhw5gJeunpSbRRqymo4161xigXfoXyf+Fv9izUTqM9L/DeJi+nYp8ZBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4ce3cfc2bb4cb5d4680f6b887e9cb0a739ba2425fc36b8af2bdeec0af4318384","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23.188742Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23.188742Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1606.05853","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Uzc47Wtx2eaoRkRhxSY1nq3r51O6MhHttzGryjMkPqyOmvWLIOYa/VibWuL4stqHyk+diNxlLOefmdkIN7NjAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T20:53:28.287342Z"},"content_sha256":"b9b05115d54427b64488e449b68516c4be418e3018503bc3de45204c1ae56cb5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b9b05115d54427b64488e449b68516c4be418e3018503bc3de45204c1ae56cb5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Practical challenges in quantum key distribution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Bing Qi, Eleni Diamanti, Hoi-Kwong Lo, Zhiliang Yuan","submitted_at":"2016-06-19T11:03:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises unconditional security in data communication and is currently being deployed in commercial applications. Nonetheless, before QKD can be widely adopted, it faces a number of important challenges such as secret key rate, distance, size, cost and practical security. Here, we survey those key challenges and the approaches that are currently being taken to address them."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1606.05853","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5Sh89lP1dQrCqFpdvON73daRs3lBwh8AEXttSAuswq6ErjGpn8v5acSpi4YKaRgaP27ZsoG0PXw+N9V1tQtMDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T20:53:28.287694Z"},"content_sha256":"75a9be103988363d259bf0fe5c20cf780886167e31914e1e054a833fa06ed371","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:75a9be103988363d259bf0fe5c20cf780886167e31914e1e054a833fa06ed371"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T20:53:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:JTR47QV3JS25I2APNOEH5HFQU4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"636c7a78772a073afe38c632fef5758e3477322ed83ad9a4312e3725cc8adbc6","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-06-19T11:03:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"528f69c4d7c91a1e4c2f598d2e0867a1cc3467358486ae5d1f398d86c66b0ec8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1606.05853","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1606.05853","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1606.05853v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1606.05853","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JTR47QV3JS25","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JTR47QV3JS25I2AP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JTR47QV3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:75a9be103988363d259bf0fe5c20cf780886167e31914e1e054a833fa06ed371","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises unconditional security in data communication and is currently being deployed in commercial applications. Nonetheless, before QKD can be widely adopted, it faces a number of important challenges such as secret key rate, distance, size, cost and practical security. Here, we survey those key challenges and the approaches that are currently being taken to address them.","authors_text":"Bing Qi, Eleni Diamanti, Hoi-Kwong Lo, Zhiliang Yuan","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-06-19T11:03:32Z","title":"Practical challenges in quantum key distribution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1606.05853","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b9b05115d54427b64488e449b68516c4be418e3018503bc3de45204c1ae56cb5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"636c7a78772a073afe38c632fef5758e3477322ed83ad9a4312e3725cc8adbc6","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-06-19T11:03:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"528f69c4d7c91a1e4c2f598d2e0867a1cc3467358486ae5d1f398d86c66b0ec8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1606.05853","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4ce3cfc2bb4cb5d4680f6b887e9cb0a739ba2425fc36b8af2bdeec0af4318384","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4ce3cfc2bb4cb5d4680f6b887e9cb0a739ba2425fc36b8af2bdeec0af4318384","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23.188742Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23.188742Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4XrioMn80FH/hYkiiq7IttN+hWPK6TEhw5gJeunpSbRRqymo4161xigXfoXyf+Fv9izUTqM9L/DeJi+nYp8ZBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:23.189579Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1606.05853","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b9b05115d54427b64488e449b68516c4be418e3018503bc3de45204c1ae56cb5","sha256:75a9be103988363d259bf0fe5c20cf780886167e31914e1e054a833fa06ed371"],"state_sha256":"e3be3394630f3a4e90b78e954f6e3a3fc522faad2ab3c533b7e4565b9aba7b6f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Pi/4grdcXZUlQgzsXE6Z0I8151n4CGyDApcAMT53n9sdmkdoy+0cZ8wHA7N+eBwuT8J7vrcpBX/cVomc3ieBCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T20:53:28.289613Z","bundle_sha256":"0f6934ae0952bb2431a05a63691cebb29c06bd910887383e85923e6fda9548a0"}}