{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2","short_pith_number":"pith:JV3FQEGC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1604.05329","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.str-el","submitted_at":"2016-04-18T20:01:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"3dec6ff15bcba6823c932a524344de98b101e5eb32ca9a9a6271bd9a6786ce4f","abstract_canon_sha256":"0abc9f94830617da9e4642a8af0d778efe4e4d9fb64804e211b7a59ca1d274de"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4d765810c2f0f1e7ca1203294ec12876acff9373a8579d50f64b0e10ec9dd296","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1604.05329","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1604.05329","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1604.05329v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1604.05329","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JV3FQEGC6DY6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JV3FQEGC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1604.05329","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.str-el","submitted_at":"2016-04-18T20:01:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"3dec6ff15bcba6823c932a524344de98b101e5eb32ca9a9a6271bd9a6786ce4f","abstract_canon_sha256":"0abc9f94830617da9e4642a8af0d778efe4e4d9fb64804e211b7a59ca1d274de"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4d765810c2f0f1e7ca1203294ec12876acff9373a8579d50f64b0e10ec9dd296","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50.877195Z","signature_b64":"ExTK+vppmGbwx2Zrn/khSBOt/bBz38Lv9hzcjGiOxkiUm5lDwdLMeerOuMQBMc585MueRghnGh4YAw9WrKQrAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4d765810c2f0f1e7ca1203294ec12876acff9373a8579d50f64b0e10ec9dd296","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50.876549Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50.876549Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1604.05329","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FSgjPYzTLdVWEC2Xn0bBUW3nrNFhO1inwOC982CFGa5+V1R5rdYI4nTfSTK7pbQk4n42owE38eYN65O2yA0IDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T04:10:52.397554Z"},"content_sha256":"9db936926b90faa3a89bc9a73a030aeb695b66082559868df8bd58c605a825e3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9db936926b90faa3a89bc9a73a030aeb695b66082559868df8bd58c605a825e3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Subdimensional Particle Structure of Higher Rank U(1) Spin Liquids","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-th"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.str-el","authors_text":"Michael Pretko","submitted_at":"2016-04-18T20:01:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"Spin liquids are conventionally described by gauge theories with a vector gauge field. However, there exists a wider class of spin liquids with higher rank tensors as the gauge variable. In this work, we focus on (3+1)-dimensional spin liquids described by U(1) symmetric tensor gauge theories, which have recently been shown to be stable gapless spin liquids. We investigate the particle structure of these tensor gauge theories and find that they have deep connections with the \"fracton\" models recently discovered by Vijay, Haah, and Fu. Tensor gauge theories have more conservation laws than the "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1604.05329","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"v5v8jqIq+7VIvnABD4E0uCVda7YbNkzQ6KMzQO5f6L+mtVid9Jnggntr/A382Co9CuNm+T8mAOuKt1/vDwivAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T04:10:52.397898Z"},"content_sha256":"5a8cbee99f414d9fd28d26d9afe7afc42c4ffb6d587c9375b1dbc6aaf089a22b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5a8cbee99f414d9fd28d26d9afe7afc42c4ffb6d587c9375b1dbc6aaf089a22b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T04:10:52Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQSAMUU5QJIO2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0abc9f94830617da9e4642a8af0d778efe4e4d9fb64804e211b7a59ca1d274de","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.str-el","submitted_at":"2016-04-18T20:01:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"3dec6ff15bcba6823c932a524344de98b101e5eb32ca9a9a6271bd9a6786ce4f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1604.05329","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1604.05329","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1604.05329v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1604.05329","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JV3FQEGC6DY6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JV3FQEGC6DY6PSQS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JV3FQEGC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:25Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5a8cbee99f414d9fd28d26d9afe7afc42c4ffb6d587c9375b1dbc6aaf089a22b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Spin liquids are conventionally described by gauge theories with a vector gauge field. However, there exists a wider class of spin liquids with higher rank tensors as the gauge variable. In this work, we focus on (3+1)-dimensional spin liquids described by U(1) symmetric tensor gauge theories, which have recently been shown to be stable gapless spin liquids. We investigate the particle structure of these tensor gauge theories and find that they have deep connections with the \"fracton\" models recently discovered by Vijay, Haah, and Fu. Tensor gauge theories have more conservation laws than the ","authors_text":"Michael Pretko","cross_cats":["hep-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.str-el","submitted_at":"2016-04-18T20:01:01Z","title":"Subdimensional Particle Structure of Higher Rank U(1) Spin Liquids"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1604.05329","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9db936926b90faa3a89bc9a73a030aeb695b66082559868df8bd58c605a825e3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0abc9f94830617da9e4642a8af0d778efe4e4d9fb64804e211b7a59ca1d274de","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.str-el","submitted_at":"2016-04-18T20:01:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"3dec6ff15bcba6823c932a524344de98b101e5eb32ca9a9a6271bd9a6786ce4f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1604.05329","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"4d765810c2f0f1e7ca1203294ec12876acff9373a8579d50f64b0e10ec9dd296","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4d765810c2f0f1e7ca1203294ec12876acff9373a8579d50f64b0e10ec9dd296","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50.876549Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50.876549Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ExTK+vppmGbwx2Zrn/khSBOt/bBz38Lv9hzcjGiOxkiUm5lDwdLMeerOuMQBMc585MueRghnGh4YAw9WrKQrAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:50.877195Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1604.05329","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9db936926b90faa3a89bc9a73a030aeb695b66082559868df8bd58c605a825e3","sha256:5a8cbee99f414d9fd28d26d9afe7afc42c4ffb6d587c9375b1dbc6aaf089a22b"],"state_sha256":"edac64e095d1d1ccbc2b29be652809631e456a575f619c5cd3dc7eb8034e4d38"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZZKqzmW1Ezlfyy0P4GI3lYJ+vIvvg8XaAy0QHzAcmKPTvdUsRysAdJ3nk1z2avEOGGiWgXY9qG40uzQUjvdVBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T04:10:52.399931Z","bundle_sha256":"2b201286d0bcfd2e8644bdb04858512071317195fc76adc8e2b32763cd7f0730"}}